Population: about 640,000
Population density: 578 people/km2
Xichong is located in the north-central part of the Sichuan Basin, spanning 105 degrees east longitude 36 Minutes 4 seconds to 106 degrees 4 minutes 7 seconds, north latitude 30 degrees 52 minutes 4 seconds to 31 degrees 15 minutes 7 seconds, adjacent to Shunqing in the east, Jialing in the south, Shehong and Pengxi in the southwest, Yanting in the west, and Yanting in the north. Bordering on the south, it covers an area of ??1,106 square kilometers and has a cultivated land area of ??540,000 acres. It has jurisdiction over 6 districts, 44 towns, 603 villages, and 5675 village (resident) groups. The total population is 652,800, of which 90% is agricultural. The County People's Government is located in Jincheng Town, located in the south-central part of the county, 309 kilometers away from Chengdu and 36 kilometers away from Nanchong.
The land is fertile and has many scenic spots. It mainly produces rice, wheat, corn, sweet potatoes, peppers, citrus, silkworm cocoons, rapeseed, Chinese medicinal materials and other economic crops. Minerals such as oil and natural gas are stored underground, and salt brine bricks are made of clay, shale, and sandstone for building materials. Wannian Mountain is the highest peak in the territory, with a sea wave of 617 meters. There are also many landscapes in the territory such as Phoenix Mountain, Huafeng Pavilion, Jiangjun Monument, Qinglong Lake, Oil Well Tower, Baifu Pine, Phoenix Yanyu Prime Minister Archway, Baimao Ferry and so on.
Advocating teaching and learning, heroes emerge from generation to generation. The traditional virtues of diligence, bravery and hospitality have been passed down from generation to generation. It is known as a "cultural county". A sage who wrote many books and established his theory, and a man of lofty ideals who sang generous and tragic songs. In the Han Dynasty, there was Ji Xin, the general who "deceived Chu and saved Han"; in the Three Kingdoms, there was Qiao Zhou, a statesman who "made great contributions to the whole country"; in the Tang Dynasty, there was Guifeng He Jiong, the fifth founder of Buddhism; in the Song Dynasty, there was someone who wrote and drew the "Miaofa Lotus Sutra" He Zizhi and his wife, including Shangshu Ma Tingyong and his son in the Yuan Dynasty, and in recent years Zhang Lan, Vice Chairman of the Republic of China, democratic revolutionary Xianying, proletarian revolutionary Yu Jiangzhen, Luo Lun, the pioneer of the "Road Protection Movement" and others who have contributed to the rejuvenation of the nation A group of smart and talented senior cadres and senior intellectuals.
Nature rewards hard work, and the economy takes off. The development strategy of "industrialization, private ownership, and satellite city" has been implemented, and a commodity base for grain, cotton, rapeseed, silkworm cocoons, pigs, poultry, peppers, citrus, vegetables, aquatic products, etc. has been built. The annual output is 3,600 tons of cotton, 3,000 tons of silkworm cocoons, 260,000 tons of peppers, 17,800 tons of oils, 30,000 tons of fruits, 500,000 pigs for slaughter, and 2.8 million small poultry. The national high-quality navel orange "Qing Sanjiu" sells well all over the country, and the high-quality pepper "Er Jingtiao" is spicy throughout Asia, Africa and Latin America. The per capita possession of grain by farmers is 454 kilograms, and the net income is 14.57 million yuan. Industries such as machinery, food, chemicals, silk, and building materials are beginning to take shape. Northern Sichuan fans sell well all over the country, Sichuan Tuo liquor won the Sichuan Famous Brand, "Meixi" brand fireworks won the Ministry of Excellence award, and silk products were exported to Southeast Asia. The individual and private economy has suddenly emerged, business circulation has become increasingly active, and the economy is taking off.
The roads are smooth and the village is connected, and the environment is superior. National Highway 212 runs through the entire territory, 47 kilometers of high-grade highways have been built, and rural roads have been paved. The Guang (Yuan) South (Chong) Expressway under construction and the Cheng (Du) South (Part) Ba (Zhong) Expressway to be built run through Xichong. The intersection of the two expressways is in Liqiao Township, Xichong County , Guangnan Expressway has established interchange overpasses in the two towns of Duofu and Jinquan, Xichong. In 2009, the county's two county roads, Xishe Road and Luxi Road, were comprehensively renovated to connect Shehong and Peng'an. The Xichong post and telecommunications network project was put into use, and mobile phones and wireless paging covered all towns and villages. Water, electricity, and gas supplies are sufficient, and the construction of a four-square-kilometer south city new area has begun. We will popularize nine-year compulsory education and eliminate illiteracy. The hospital is a Class II hospital and is nationally advanced in health and epidemic prevention. The county government has determined the strategy of promoting greater development through greater opening-up, and formulated 16 preferential policies to expand opening-up and attract investment. An open and open development atmosphere has been formed.
Physical Geography
Xichong County is located on the back of Jialing River and Fujiang River. It has a shallow hilly landform with crisscrossing valleys and dense hills. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, gently sloping from northwest to southeast. The mountains run north-south and are slightly higher in the north.
Xichong is a natural treasure and rich in resources. In terms of biological resources, there are 116 species of forest trees from three families including arbor, shrub, and bamboo, and 153 species of medicinal plants including pinellia, safflower, bupleurum, and eucommia. Economic crops include mulberry, tung tree, olive, peach, plum, persimmon, orange, tangerine, etc. There are 33 types of pasture including Imperata cogongrass. There are more than 30 kinds of ornamental plants including osmanthus, chrysanthemum, peony, asparagus, spider plant, etc. There are dozens of wild animals including hares, pangolins, pheasants, egrets, etc. The forest coverage rate reaches 24.6%. In terms of mineral resources, there are natural gas, oil, brine, potash-bearing shale, etc. The main specialties of Xichong are: citrus, kenaf, silkworm cocoons, and cotton.
Xichong County has many rivers. There are 6 rivers with a drainage area of ??more than 100 square kilometers in the county. The largest one is the Baima River, which originates from Fuhu, southern County, with a total length of 41.6 kilometers. Injecting to the west is the Fujiang River system, and the rest is the Jialing River system.
Historical evolution
In the 4th year of Wude (621 AD), Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan divided Nanchong, Nanfang and Yanting into counties. They were located in the west of Chongguo County in the Han Dynasty. Named Xichong County.
Today's Xichong County was part of Guozhou during the Xia and Yu period (about 21st century BC). It was merged into Yongzhou during the Yin, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties. It belonged to the Ba Kingdom during the Eastern Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods after about the 5th century BC. In 316 BC, Qin Dynasty belonged to Langzhong County, Bajun. In 200 BC, the county belonged to Bajun, Chongguo County and Anhan County. In 221 AD, during the Shu Han period, the county belonged to Brazil County, Xichongguo County and Anhan County.
In 263, during the Cao Wei Dynasty, the county belonged to Yizhou Basi County, Xichongguo County and Anhan County. In 266, the county belonged to Guozhou Basi County, Xichongguo County and Anhan County. In 420, the county belonged to Anhan County and Xichongguo County in North Brazil County. In 553, the county belonged to Jincheng County, Jinchian County, Longzhou and Anhan County, Nandangqu County. In 583 (the third year of Emperor Wen's reign in the Sui Dynasty), the county belonged to Anhan County and Jincheng County in Longzhou. In 589 (the ninth year of Kaihuang's reign), the county belonged to Jincheng County and Nanchong County in Longzhou. In the 18th year of Emperor Wen's reign in the Sui Dynasty (AD 598), it became Nanchong County. In the 4th year of Wude (AD 621) by Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan, the county was divided into Nanchong, Nanfang, Yanting, and each other. It was named Xichong County because it was located to the west of Chongguo County in the Han Dynasty. In the 20th year of Yuan Dynasty (1283 AD), Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, merged Liuxi County into Shunqing County. In the 10th year of Hongwu (1377 AD), Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished Xichong and merged it into Nanchong County. In the 13th year of Hongwu (1380 AD), Xichong County was restored and belonged to Shunqing Prefecture. In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Shunqing Prefecture in North Sichuan Province.
In the first year of the Republic of China (1912 AD), it belonged to Shunqing Prefecture of Sichuan Province. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913 AD), it belonged to Sichuan North Road, Sichuan Province. In the third year of the Republic of China (1914 AD), it belonged to Jialing Road. In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928 AD), it was affiliated to Sichuan Province. In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935 AD), it belonged to the 11th Administrative Supervision District of Sichuan Province.
After the liberation of Xichong in December 1949, it belonged to the Nanchong Prefecture of the North Sichuan Administrative District of Southwest District. In September 1993, it was affiliated to Nanchong City, Sichuan Province.
Customs
Selling baby dolls is a historical proof of the fact that poor families in old China had no money and sold their children who were difficult to raise into adults on the market.
This "Maiwa Ya" is located at the head of Ziyan Township, Xichong County. Under a huge yellow kudzu tree, the stone monument of "Mai Wa Ya" is particularly eye-catching. According to locals, in early 2000, a local farmer accidentally discovered a stone tablet with a head exposed in Huanggeya, with some incomplete words on it. After careful identification, it was found that there were contents such as "selling babies" on it. Later, people dug up the stele and discovered that it was a stele recording the sale of babies here. In the local area, Huanggeya has long been said to be "selling babies", but there is no relevant record. This discovery confirms this statement.
According to the record of the stone tablet, Huanggeya was originally called "Dawangya", and its history of selling children began in the 14th year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty. A local Jinshi was deeply depressed by this trend, so he changed the name of the Yawa to "Maiwa Ya". According to the recollections of local elders, in the old society, there was a large-scale population market under the yellow kudzu tree here, which radiated to many surrounding towns and villages: After the children who were selling children were brought here, they would put grass on their heads as signs. After bargaining between the buyer and seller, the deal is concluded, and the buyer takes the person away. When a baby is too young to be sold, some parents cruelly leave it on the pass and resign themselves to fate. Therefore, this place is also called "Dewaya". It is popular for local people to celebrate the second day of the second lunar month. On this day, no one goes to work in the fields, so this day becomes the day for buying and selling babies in the local area.
In order to let future generations not forget this period of history, the local government erected this special monument in Huanggeya to show future generations
一
Purple Yan, 30 kilometers north of Xichong County, was originally named Ziyan Township. During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, there was a "doll market" that specialized in buying and selling children. The city is located under a big yellow jujube tree at the pass at the east end of Ziyan Field, so it is also called: "Ziyan Maier Pass".
It is impossible to find out the origin and when the Doll City started, but according to the elders, it has been more than 300 years and ended on the eve of liberation. Its reputation spread throughout northern Sichuan and became famous outside Tianfu. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the "Wenchang Hui" (Meeting of Wenchang Bodhisattva) was held every year on the second day of the second lunar month. From the second to the fifteenth day, performances were held, and local specialties from various towns in the county were also traded during the meeting. The Doll Market was also opened at this time. Any family with a son who could not feed them would sell them in the market. Families with money but no children also go to the market to buy. There are only boys for sale in the market, but no girls, so it is a "doll market". This is caused by the bad habit of favoring boys over girls. Those who sell the doll usually put the year, month and day of the doll's birth on the doll's head as a sign. Those who buy it include a top, hat, shoes, socks and diapers to express their intention. The buyer and seller negotiate directly. After the transaction is completed, the seller gives the doll's birth year to the buyer. The buyer takes off the clothes, shoes, socks and diapers worn by the doll in public, returns them to the seller, puts on what he brought, and then pays the price. From then on, the doll is Cut off all relations with the biological parents, and the purchaser will be solely responsible for the doll's lifelong upbringing and marriage.
The age of the dolls on the market ranged from a few months to two or three years old. The smaller the doll, the higher the price, and the larger the price, the lower the price. At the lowest, a doll was only worth a bucket of rice. At that time, it was generally called " One baby and one bucket of rice." The highest one is that a doll is only worth one stone meter. At that time, it was generally "one child, one stone of rice". Generally no one buys those over 3 years old. "Big ones are not enough to feed the family". This was the "mantra" at that time, so everyone likes to buy small ones.
February
February of every year in the lunar calendar is the time of drought. Because there is no food to eat, the biological parents cannot bear the baby to starve to death, so they give birth to their children from the age of three or four to the age of five or six. There are babies that beg rich people to adopt them for free every year. For those adopted as adopted children, the adoptive parents usually gave the biological parents one or two bushels of grain or a few dozen to 100 coins, and later 200 to 1,000 copper coins. At that time, these people were generally called "great benefactors".
The biological parents should make a "paper covenant" to the adoptive parents, stating: "The person making the covenant, so-and-so, lives a destitute life, and is willing to give his son to such-and-such a good person as his son, and from now on sever the relationship between father and son and mother and son with me..." .... If people eat grains, they will suffer from all kinds of diseases, life and death will be at stake, and they must be left to their own devices, and there will be no question of making a covenant," and other words. The biological parents first pay the "paper contract", and the adoptive parents pay money and materials later. Afterwards, if the baby is five or six years old, he kowtows first to his biological parents and then to his adoptive parents. The adoptive parents give the baby a name, and the baby goes away with the adoptive parents. At this time, the baby often turns back and howls and cries to his biological parents. , the biological parents also left in tears, not daring to look back.
Three
In Ziyan Doll Market, the phenomenon of abandoned babies also appeared at the same time. On the body of the abandoned baby, there are usually small pieces of bamboo or small notes with the birth date of the abandoned baby. Some also wrote on small bamboo pieces or small notes: "My child is unlucky, please have mercy on me; my child is lucky, I am grateful to you for your kindness." They hope that someone will adopt them. Some adopted abandoned babies want to be found when they grow up. There are also people who are biological parents. According to legend, in 1853 (the third year of Xianfeng), there was a certain Du who found an abandoned baby in a selling place. After he became an adult, it took the abandoned baby more than ten years to find his biological mother, Zhao Qinshi, and the health of the abandoned baby. After his parents passed away, he was sent to the mountains for burial, and then returned to the Zhao family to support his biological mother, which was passed down as a good story.
Four
Most of the parents of the buyers love the dolls they buy at Ziyan Doll Market. Absolutely no abuse or discrimination. However, there were also disputes within the clan. In 1823 (the third year of Daoguang), Ma from Ziyan sold a baby to Du. Du named the baby Du Yuying and sent it to school. Later, he was admitted to school and married in 1852. (In the second year of Xianfeng) Renzi passed the examination and became a famous person who was good at writing and calligraphy. When Du Yuying returned from passing the national examination, the guests of the Du family held a banquet with flags, umbrellas, drums and music. They gathered at the Du family ancestral hall and the Du family's ancestral graves to hold an ancestor worship ceremony. When the Ma family heard about it, they led many men and women to carry people, saying that Du Yuying was of the Ma family's bloodline, so he should sacrifice to the Ma family's ancestors and pay homage to the Ma family's tomb. The two sides were at a stalemate and rushed to the Xichong County Government Office. The county magistrate asked Du Yuying for his opinion. Du said, "The Ma family thinks that I am a descendant of the Ma family, so they should not sell me for a price when I was a child. Since the price is high, the relationship between the Ma family , has been cut off, and I was raised by the Du family, and sending me to study has nothing to do with the Ma family. Why should I worship the Ma family's ancestors and worship the Ma family's grave? This is an ancient saying. "Please tell the county magistrate that any baby bought during the Wenchang Festival of Ziyan Temple will not be discriminated against by the native tribe, and no trouble will be caused by foreigners. The county magistrate made the decision according to Du Yuying's words and showed Xiao Yu, and the problem was finally solved. Since then, disputes between clans have rarely occurred, but within the clan, the buyer's parents still have to give gifts to the clan leader and entertain the elders of each house before they can join the buyer's clan. Eat "Qingming Festival" and become the descendants of the clan.
Five
The biological parents who sell or abandon their babies do not admit that they are their biological parents on the surface. However, some miss the baby dearly. Whenever they know the whereabouts of the baby, they often make excuses. Go to visit. And secretly bought some food such as "Guokui" and "Mahua", and secretly gave it to the baby when the buyer's parents were away. But he didn't tell the baby his name. To tell the truth, as long as he saw that the baby looked good, he would bury his head in it. and leave to avoid causing disputes. The inner pain of parents can be seen here, but minor disputes occurred frequently during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.
Sixth year
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the "Wenchanghui" and "Doll Market" in Ziyan were eliminated. In the 1950s, Hongyan Commune also held the "Exhibition of Doll City", which exposed the misery of Doll City and the evils of the old society. In the past, the traces of selling babies in Dawangya still remain, and a prosperous scene has emerged. Looking back from the top of the mountain, you can see green crops and clear blue mountains in the distance, with Longmen Ya coming to defend you from the east, Jiuping Village holding the blue sky in the west, the jade wind in the south, steep cliffs, and the Barrier Silk Palace in the north, with its peaks catching the floating clouds. The yellow jue trees on the mountain are full of vitality and have the potential to shine forever. What used to be a children's market is now crowded with merchants. It is now revitalizing the rural economy, expanding commodity circulation, and contributing its brilliant youth.
Economic Overview
Since the reform and opening up, especially in the past two years in the new century, the people of Xichong have closely focused on the development strategy of "industrialization, private ownership, and ecological satellite city" and firmly grasped the The four major work focuses of "prospering the county through industry, enriching the people through animal husbandry, attracting investment, and operating the city" include large-scale opening up to the outside world, large-scale urban construction, large-scale structural adjustment, large-scale environmental improvement, and large-scale social stability. The pattern of economic and social development has entered the historical peak. The best time soon. In 2002, the county's gross domestic product (GDP) reached 1.5 billion yuan, 11.5 times that of 1979; general budget revenue reached 78.11 million yuan, 22 times that of 1979. In the city's 2002 annual target assessment, the comprehensive assessment of industrial economy ranked first, fixed asset investment ranked second, urban construction and management ranked second, investment promotion ranked third, and rural economy ranked fourth.
The rural economy is developing rapidly and the process of agricultural industrialization is accelerating. In 1979, the total agricultural output value of Xichong County was only 95.76 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 74 yuan. In 1994, it was designated as a provincial-level poverty-stricken county, and in 1998, it achieved comprehensive poverty alleviation standards for Yuwen. By 2002, the rural economy had formed a "cocoon industry chain" led by Liziyuan Company, a "cocoon industry chain" led by Tianxian Group, and a "cocoon industry chain" led by township labor service stations and overseas labor export bases. In the three major industrial chains of "labor export chain", 1,800 dairy cows were developed throughout the year, producing 2,200 tons of milk, creating an output value of 8 million yuan, and dairy farmers' average income increased by 15,000 yuan.
15,000 acres of newly planted mulberries, 15 million improved mulberry trees, 80,000 silkworms, and 2.51 million kilograms of cocoons were planted. Per capita seed production, cocoon production, and purchase ranked first in the city. ***The export of labor services was 152,000, an increase of 32,000 over the previous year, an increase of 33.3%, and the labor service income was 640 million yuan. The land area transferred in an orderly and reasonable manner is 149,000 acres, with an added output value of 650 million yuan, 510 owner households, and more than 9,000 migrant workers, including 75 major households operating more than 100 acres of cultivated land and more than 300 acres of non-cultivated land. household. The total agricultural output value for the whole year was 1.06 billion yuan, an increase of 9% over the previous year and an increase of 38.6% over 1997, of which the total output value of animal husbandry was 620 million yuan, accounting for 58% of the total agricultural output value. The grain-to-economic ratio is adjusted to 5 and 4.2. The per capita net income of farmers was 1,848 yuan, an increase of 572 yuan from 1997 and 25 times that of 1979.
The industrial economy recovered rapidly, and pillar industries gradually formed. In the early 1980s, Xichong's industries included Chuantuo Winery, Fan Factory, Weaving Factory, Plastics Factory, Linen Textile Factory, Food Factory, etc. It was once brilliant and ranked among the top in the city. Since the 1990s, with the establishment of the market economic system, Xichong's industrial development concept has been backward and the system has become obsolete. It has gone from stagnating to a state of collapse. In the past two years, we have vigorously implemented the strategy of "industry revitalizing the county", vigorously promoted investment promotion, and revitalized and strengthened through "transfer, withdrawal, modification, and sale", and gradually formed five major industries: food, machinery, plasticization, silk, and fire engineering. Leading industrial pillar. The county's 10 key industrial enterprises have prosperous production and sales and are expanding rapidly, with a total output value of 180 million yuan and profits and taxes of 3.55 million yuan. Chuantuo Liquor Industry has a tax revenue of 1 million yuan and is listed as the municipal government's reception wine. Its products sell well in more than 10 provinces and cities across the country. Sichuan Shangfeng and Shengxing companies each generated more than 500,000 yuan in tax revenue, and the core competitiveness of key enterprises has been significantly improved. A large number of "Xichong-made" products such as Liziyuan milk, Shengfeng fans, and Huabiao security doors have entered the market. In 2002, the total output value of industrial enterprises was 1.66 billion yuan, an increase of 191% over 1997, and the tax revenue was 9.2 million yuan. The contribution rate of industry to GDP increased by 3 percentage points.
Business and trade circulation has become increasingly active, and people’s living standards have improved significantly. In 1979, there were less than 1,000 individual industrial and commercial owners in the county. After the reform and opening up, with the continuous expansion of the urban scale of Xichong, the investment environment has been greatly improved, and individual industrial and commercial households have continued to grow like mushrooms. By 2002, the number of individual industrial and commercial households in the county had grown to 9,037, with an output value of 13,186 Ten thousand yuan, the tax revenue was 21.61 million yuan, accounting for 27.7% of the general budget revenue. In 2002, the county had 9,820 commercial outlets, 38 trade bazaars, 32,605 employees, and total retail sales of 820 million yuan. The balance of urban and rural personal savings deposits reached 1.423 billion yuan, an increase of 17.6% over the previous year and 393 times that of 1979; the disposable income of urban residents was 6,214 yuan, the per capita consumption expenditure was 4,672 yuan, and the average annual salary of employees reached 8,872 yuan yuan, 20 times that of 1979; the county’s total retail sales of consumer goods were 830 million yuan, an increase from 1997. It grew by 95.2%, 21 times that of 1979.
Administrative divisions
Xichong County is located in the north-central part of the Sichuan Basin, spanning 105 degrees 36 minutes 4 seconds east longitude to 106 degrees 4 minutes 7 seconds north latitude 30 degrees 52 minutes 4 seconds Seconds to 31 degrees 15 minutes and 7 seconds, it borders Shunqing to the east, Jialing to the south, Shehong and Pengxi to the southwest, Yanting to the west, and south to the north.
The County People's Government is located in Jincheng Town; Postal code number: 637200; ID card number: 511325
Xichong County has jurisdiction over 15 towns (Jincheng, Taiping, Xianlin, Daquan, Gu Lou, Yixing, Fengming, Qingshi, Guanwen, Sophora japonica, Minglong, Shuangfeng, Renhe, Gaoyuan, Duofu), 29 townships (Changlin, Zhanshan, Lianchi, Hongqiao, Jinyuan , Huaguang, Dailin, Liqiao, Jinquan, Zhongling, Guanfeng, Ziyan, Fu'an, Shuangluo, Xinian, Qinglong, Zhongnan, Ganya, Yihe, Chelong, Xianglong, Dongdai, Tong De, Fenghe, Shuangjiang, Dongtai, Yongqing, Jinshan, Fujun).
On January 21, 2021, Xichong County was listed on the list of advanced counties (cities, districts) in Sichuan Province for increasing farmers’ income in 2020.
On January 14, 2021, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recommended Xichong County as the third batch of national rural entrepreneurship and innovation model counties.
On March 15, 2019, Xichong County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education nationwide in 2018.
In March 2019, Xichong County was included in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (Sichuan-Shaanxi area).
On December 7, 2016, Xichong County was named one of the “First Batch of National Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Counties” by the Ministry of Agriculture.