Productive dust is a kind of particulate matter that can float in the production environment for a long time, and it is an important occupational harmful factor that pollutes the working environment and harms the health of workers. Productive dust can be divided into silicon dust, coal dust, graphite dust, carbon black dust, asbestos dust, talcum powder dust, cement dust, mica dust, ceramic dust, aluminum dust, welding dust, casting dust and other dust. The harm degree of dust to human body is closely related to the chemical composition, concentration and particle size of dust. Exposure to productive dust can cause a variety of occupational diseases, such as dust containing free silica can cause silicosis; Toxic substance dust containing lead and manganese can cause corresponding kinds of poisoning; Organic dust such as cotton, hemp and grain can cause rhinitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis and allergic reactions.
China's comprehensive dust control measures can be summarized as the eight-character policy of "skin, water, density, wind, protection, management, education and inspection":
1, leather: process reform, production equipment innovation;
2. Water: wet operation;
3. Dense: dust source sealing;
4, wind: closed ventilation and dust removal to prevent dust flying;
5. Protection: Workers exposed to dust should do personal protection and wear protective equipment such as dust masks and air supply helmets correctly;
6, tube: dust-proof equipment, personal use of dust-proof supplies for regular maintenance, overhaul;
7. Teaching: provide regular occupational health training for dust workers;
8. Inspection: regularly detect and evaluate the dust concentration in the working environment, and do a good job in regular occupational health examination for workers exposed to dust.
To sum up, productive dust belongs to chemical factors in occupational hazards; Productive dust belongs to respiratory occupational disease.
Legal basis:
Article 1 of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases
In order to prevent, control and eliminate occupational hazards, prevent and control occupational diseases, protect the health of workers and their related rights and interests, and promote economic and social development, this Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution.
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This Law is applicable to occupational disease prevention and control activities in People's Republic of China (PRC).
Occupational diseases mentioned in this Law refer to diseases caused by workers of enterprises, institutions and individual economic organizations who are exposed to dust, radioactive substances and other toxic and harmful factors in their professional activities.
The classification and catalogue of occupational diseases shall be formulated, adjusted and published by the administrative department of health of the State Council in conjunction with the administrative department of labor security of the State Council.
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The prevention and control of occupational diseases should adhere to the principle of giving priority to prevention and combining prevention with control, establish a mechanism of employing units' responsibility, administrative supervision, industry self-discipline, employees' participation and social supervision, and implement classified management and comprehensive management.
Article 4
Workers have the right to occupational health protection according to law. The employing unit shall create a working environment and conditions that meet the national occupational health standards and health requirements for workers, and take measures to ensure that workers obtain occupational health protection.
Trade unions shall supervise the prevention and control of occupational diseases according to law and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers. The employer shall listen to the opinions of the trade unions when formulating or amending the rules and regulations related to the prevention and control of occupational diseases.