Construction Engineering Project Department Construction Site Safety Accident Emergency Plan 2008-04-12 08:58 1 Purpose of preparation
In order to prevent production safety accidents at the construction site and improve the emergency working mechanism, In the event of an accident in an engineering project, this plan is formulated to quickly and orderly carry out emergency rescue work, rescue the injured, and reduce accident losses.
2 Risk Analysis
2.1 Project Overview
2.2 Hazard Source Situation
According to the characteristics of the project being undertaken, the projects undertaken Mainly includes engineering construction such as mechanical equipment, electrical welding, and aerial work. Production safety accidents that may occur and have major risk factors include falling accidents from high altitudes, electric shock accidents, collapse accidents, welding injury accidents, vehicle fire accidents, traffic safety accidents, fire explosion accidents, mechanical injury accidents, etc.
3 Emergency Organizational Structure and Responsibilities
3.1 Emergency Rescue Leading Group and Responsibilities
(1) The project manager is the first person in charge of the emergency rescue leading group. Serve as the team leader and be responsible for commanding emergency situations. The members are composed of business manager, production manager, project secretary, chief engineer, and mechanical and electrical manager. The director of safety supervision is the first executor of emergency rescue and serves as the deputy team leader, responsible for the specific implementation and organization of emergency response.
(2) The production manager is the second person in charge of the collapse accident emergency response team, the mechanical and electrical manager is the second person in charge of the electric shock accident emergency response team, and the on-site manager is the second person in charge of large-scale scaffolding and falling accidents from heights, welding injury accidents, vehicles The second person in charge of emergency response to fire accidents, traffic accidents, fire and explosion accidents, and mechanical injury accidents shall be responsible for cooperating with the corresponding accident rescue organizations and cooperating with accident investigations respectively.
3.2 The structures and responsibilities of the emergency team
(1) Rescue team: The team leader is the project manager, and the members are the safety director, site manager, mechanical and electrical manager, project engineer and project manager Composed of team members and heads of subcontracting units.
The main responsibilities are: organize and implement the rescue action plan, coordinate the rescue actions of relevant departments; report the rescue progress to the headquarters in a timely manner.
(2) Security Team: The team leader is the project secretary, and its members are composed of the project administration department and the economic police.
The main responsibilities are to guard the accident scene, prevent non-rescue personnel from entering the scene, be responsible for clearing vehicles at the scene, maintain public order, and protect the personal safety of rescue personnel.
(3) Logistics Support Department: The team leader is the project secretary, and its members are composed of the project material department, administrative department, contract department, and canteen.
The main responsibilities are: Responsible for mobilizing rescue equipment and equipment; Responsible for solving the problem of food and accommodation for all rescue workers.
(4) Medical rescue team: The team leader is composed of doctors from the project health center, and the members are composed of nurses from the health center and ambulance teams.
The main responsibilities are: Responsible for the rescue of the injured on site.
(5) Aftermath processing team: The team leader is the project manager, and the members are composed of the project leadership team.
The main responsibilities are: Responsible for comforting the families of the victims, coordinating the implementation of pensions for the families of the victims and hospitalization fees for the injured; and doing other aftermath matters.
(6) Accident investigation team: The team leader is the project manager and the leader of the company’s responsible department, and its members include the project safety director, relevant company departments, and relevant technical experts of the company.
The main responsibilities are: Responsible for the protection of the accident site and the mapping of the drawings, ascertaining the cause of the accident, determining the nature of the incident, and proposing countermeasures. If it is determined to be an accident, put forward opinions on how to deal with the person responsible for the accident.
4 Prevention and Early Warning
4.1 Prevention
4.1.1 Preventive measures to prevent falls from heights
(1) Strengthen safety self Protect awareness education and strengthen management of the use of safety protective equipment.
(2) For key parts projects, the supervision system of safety management professionals standing by will be strictly implemented.
(3) As the construction progresses, various safety protection facilities should be improved in a timely manner, and warning signs must be installed on safety gates of various shafts.
(4) After all types of scaffolding and vertical transportation equipment are erected and installed, they are not allowed to be used without acceptance.
(5) Safety professionals should strengthen inspections of safety protection facilities and promptly resolve hidden dangers when they are discovered.
4.1.2 Fire and explosion accident prevention measures
Each construction site should formulate plans based on the specific conditions of the construction projects being carried out, and establish various fire safety systems and safe construction procedures. Various operating procedures.
(1) Formulate a fire protection plan according to the specific conditions of the construction, establish and improve various fire safety systems, and strictly abide by various operating procedures.
(2) Inflammable and explosive items such as paint and thinner are not allowed to be stored in the project site.
(3) The construction unit shall not set up a seasoning room in the project, and shall not mix paint in the project.
(4) Smoking is strictly prohibited in the project site, and a fire permit must be issued and specially supervised when using any open flame.
(5) The operation site must be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment.
(6) During the construction period, the use of various open flame operations in the project should be approved by the fire protection department of the project manager department of the construction unit, and sufficient fire-extinguishing materials and fire-fighting equipment must be equipped.
(7) It is strictly prohibited to store oxygen bottles and acetylene bottles at the construction site.
(8) During construction operations, oxygen bottles and acetylene bottles should be kept 10 meters away from the fire point, and the distance between oxygen bottles and acetylene bottles should be kept more than 5 meters.
(9) A fire permit must be obtained for electrical and gas welding operations, and dedicated personnel must be assigned to supervise the work. The construction site must be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment.
(10) Operators must hold their employment certificates, apply for fire certificates from relevant personnel of the project management department, and clean up flammable and explosive materials in the work area as required. Take measures to seal the hole.
4.1.3 Preventive measures for electric shock accidents
(1) Electrical professionals must be certified to work. Non-electrical professionals are not allowed to replace or repair any electrical components.
(2) Establish a temporary power inspection system, conduct inspections and irregular spot checks on various lines and facilities on site in accordance with temporary power management regulations, and archive inspection and spot inspection records.
(3) Inspection and operation personnel must wear insulating rubber shoes and insulating gloves as required; they must use special insulating tools for electricians.
(4) Temporary distribution lines must be erected in accordance with specifications. Insulated wires must be used for overhead lines. Plastic flexible wires must not be used. They must not be laid overhead in bundles or laid openly along the ground.
(5) The erection and use of temporary electricity at construction sites must comply with the "Technical Specifications for Safety of Temporary Electricity at Construction Sites" (JGJ46-88).
(6) Construction machinery, vehicles and personnel should maintain a safe distance from the lines. When the specified minimum distance cannot be reached, reliable protective measures must be taken.
(7) The power distribution system must implement hierarchical power distribution. The internal settings of all switch boxes on site must comply with relevant regulations. The electrical appliances in the box must be reliable and intact. Their selection and setting must comply with relevant regulations. The switching appliances should be marked with their purpose. The electrical systems in the switch box must be of a unified style and configuration. The boxes must be painted in orange, and fences and protective sheds must be set up as required. The connection between the flow box and the upper-level switch box must be externally connected (all electrical boxes must be Use certified products from designated manufacturers).
(8) All distribution boxes on the construction site must be marked with the name of the box, the name, number, and purpose of each controlled line.
(9) The distribution lines, cables and conductors in the distribution box and switch box should be well insulated from the ground, and there should be no damage, flaw, exposure of the elevator, extrusion of the wires, corrosion, or leakage. Wait for hidden dangers in case something unexpected happens.
(10) The independent power distribution system must adopt a three-phase five-wire zero connection protection system. Non-independent systems can adopt corresponding zero connection or grounding protection methods according to the actual conditions on site. The metal shells, metal brackets and bases of various electrical equipment and electric construction machinery must be reliably protected from zero connection or grounding according to regulations.
(11) While adopting grounding and zero connection protection methods, a two-level leakage protection device must be installed to implement hierarchical protection and form a complete protection system. The selection of leakage protection devices should comply with regulations.
(12) In order to ensure that the lighting on site is not interrupted in the event of a fire or other emergency, the power switch and lighting switch in the distribution box must be used separately.
(13) The switch box should be powered by the distribution box. Note that one switch cannot control more than two electrical devices and cannot be used for multiple purposes. Each device should have its own switch box. It is strictly prohibited to control more than two electrical devices (including sockets) with one switch to ensure safety.
(14) There should be enough space and passage around the distribution box and switch box for two people to work at the same time. Do not pile building materials and debris next to the box.
(15) Various tall facilities must be equipped with lightning protection devices in accordance with regulations.
(16) The distance between the distribution box and the switch box shall not exceed 30 meters; the distance between the switch box and the electrical equipment it controls shall not exceed 3 meters.
(17) The use of power tools should comply with the relevant provisions of national standards. The power cord, plug and socket of the tool should be intact. The power cord should not be lengthened or replaced at will. The external insulation of the tool should be intact, and a dedicated person should be responsible for maintenance and storage.
(18) The lighting at the construction site generally uses 220V power supply lighting. During structural construction, pipes should be embedded in the roof construction. Temporary lighting and power supply should be routed through pipes, and lamps must be installed according to regulations. And install a leakage protector on the power supply side.
(19) The welding machine should have a separate switch. The shell of the welding machine should be protected by zero connection or grounding. All welding machines used in construction sites must be equipped with electric shock protectors. The wiring should be crimped firmly and a reliable protective cover should be installed. The welding handle wires should be double wired, and metal pipes, metal scaffolding, tracks and structural steel bars should not be used as loop ground wires. The welding wire is not damaged and the insulation is good.
The setting point of the welding machine should be moisture-proof, rain-proof and smash-proof.
4.2 Information Report
(1) The person who discovers the accident should report it to the team leader (deputy team leader) immediately. If it is a fire accident, you must call the police and fire department at the same time by dialing 119, and dial 120 and 999 for first aid.
(2) After receiving the alarm, the team leader notifies the deputy team leader and team members to immediately activate the emergency rescue system.
(3) Report to the competent government department where the accident occurred according to the type of accident.
(4) The report should include the following:
-- Time, category, location and related facilities of the accident;
-- Contact person's name and phone number etc.;
5 Emergency Response
5.1 Emergency Response to Large Scaffolding and Falling Accidents from High Places
5.1.1 Emergency Measures when Large Scaffolding Shows Signs of Deformation Accident< /p>
(1) Local deformation of the scaffolding caused by foundation settlement. Set up eight-shaped beams or scissor braces on the transverse section of the double-row frame, and set up a set of vertical poles every other row until the outer row of the deformation zone. The horoscope or scissor leg must be placed on a solid and reliable foundation.
(2) The deflection deformation of the cantilevered steel beam on which the scaffolding depends exceeds the specified value. The rear anchor point of the cantilevered steel beam should be reinforced, and the steel beam should be tightened with steel supports and U-shaped brackets. Live on the roof. There is a gap between the embedded steel ring and the steel beam, which must be tightened with horse wedges. The steel wire ropes hanging from the outer ends of the steel beams are inspected one by one and all are tightened to ensure uniform stress.
(3) If the scaffolding unloading and tensioning system is partially damaged, it must be restored immediately according to the unloading and tensioning method formulated in the original plan, and the deformed parts and rods must be corrected. To correct the outward deformation of the scaffolding, first set up a 5t inverted chain in each bay, tighten it with the structure, loosen the rigid pull connection point, and tighten the inverted chain inward at each point at the same time until the deformation is corrected, and do the rigid pull. Connect, tighten the wire rope at each unloading point to make it evenly stressed, and finally release the reverse chain.
5.1.2 Emergency measures when large-scale scaffolding collapses due to instability and causes casualties
(1) Quickly determine the exact location of the accident, the possible scope of the accident, and the extent of damage to the scaffolding. extent, casualties, etc., to be handled according to different situations.
(2) Demarcate a specific area for the accident, and non-rescue personnel are not allowed to enter the specific area without permission. Quickly verify the number of people working on the scaffolding. If someone is pinned down by the collapsed scaffolding, take reliable measures to reinforce the surrounding area immediately, then remove or cut the rods holding the injured person down and remove the injured person. If the scaffolding is too heavy, a crane can be used to slowly lift it up to save people. If there are no casualties, immediately implement measures such as scaffolding reinforcement or dismantling. The above actions must be coordinated by experienced safety officers and shelf foremans.
5.1.3 Rescue measures for falling accidents from heights
(1) Rescuers first organize rescue immediately according to the injured part of the injured person, so that the injured person can quickly escape from the dangerous environment and be sent to The hospital provides treatment and protects the scene. Check whether there are other sources of danger around the accident scene.
(2) Quickly report the accident scene to superiors while rescuing the injured.
(3) Handling of several situations when rescuing injured persons:
-- If it is confirmed that the person is dead, protect the scene immediately.
-- In the event of coma, injuries to internal organs, fractures, or massive blood loss: ① Immediately contact 120, 999 ambulance or the nearest hospital to the scene, and explain the severity of the injury. In order to obtain the best rescue effect, the patient can also be sent to a specialized hospital according to the severity of the injury. ② Trauma and massive bleeding: Before the ambulance arrives, take measures to stop bleeding on site. ③Broken bones: Pay attention to protection during transportation. Those who are unconscious, may have injuries to the spine, internal organs, or whose injuries are unknown must use a stretcher or flatbed. It is prohibited to transport the injured by hugging, hugging, or carrying the injured.
-- For general injuries, send them to the hospital for examination to prevent tetanus.
5.2 Emergency measures for electric shock accidents
(1) Cut off the power supply, turn off the switch on the socket or unplug the plug. If the outlet switch is out of reach, turn off the main switch. Never try to turn off the switch of that electrical appliance, as it may be the switch that is leaking electricity.
(2) If the switch cannot be turned off, you can stand on an insulating object, such as a stack of thick newspapers, plastic sheets, wooden boards, etc., and use a broom or wooden chair to remove the injured person from the power source, or use a rope , pants or any dry cloth around the injured armpit or leg, and drag the injured person away from the power source. Do not touch the injured person with your hands, do not use wet tools or metal objects to push the injured person away, and do not use wet objects to drag the injured person.
(3) If the patient's breathing and heartbeat stop, start artificial respiration and chest cardiac compression. Remember not to give a cardiac shot to someone who has been electrocuted. If the injured person is unconscious, place his or her body in a horizontal position.
(4) If the injured person has been unconscious, has been burned, or feels uncomfortable, he must call an ambulance or send the injured person to the hospital immediately for first aid.
(5) When an electric shock accident occurs at high altitude, the power supply should be cut off immediately, the injured person should be lifted to a nearby flat place, and first aid should be provided immediately.
(6) Principles for on-site rescuing of electrocuted victims: The empirical principles for on-site rescuing of electrocuted victims are: quickly, on the spot, accurate and persistent. Quickly - the person who was electrocuted must be disconnected from the power source in a race against time; local - the rescue must be done near the scene, and the patient must be sent to the nearest hospital for rescue after he becomes conscious. Counting from the time of electric shock, timely rescue within 5 minutes will result in a life-saving rate of about 90%. For rescue within 10 minutes, there is little hope of a life-saving rate of 6.15%; Accuracy - the movements of artificial respiration must be accurate; Persistence - as long as there is one millionth chance, we must work hard to rescue nearly 100%.
5.3 Emergency Response to Collapse Accident
(1) When a collapse accident occurs, arrange for a dedicated person to cut off the relevant gates promptly and collect audio and video data from the scene. Immediately after the incident, emergency personnel were organized to arrive at the scene within half an hour. Depending on the specific situation, a combination of manual and mechanical methods will be used to deal with the collapse site. If a large collapsed object is encountered during rescue and manual transportation is difficult, a large crane can be mobilized for transportation. When approaching the slope, mechanical operations must be stopped and all manual work must be used to remove objects to prevent accidental injury to buried persons. During the on-site rescue, special personnel must be arranged to monitor and clean the slopes and rack materials to prevent the accident from expanding.
(2) A cordon should be set up around the accident site.
(3) The principle of unified command and close coordination. After the collapse accident, there were many forces participating in the battle and the on-site situation was complex. Various forces needed to actively cooperate and closely coordinate to complete the task simultaneously under the unified command of the on-site general headquarters.
(4) The principle of quick response and decisive action. In view of the sudden nature of the collapse accident, which is difficult to deal with in a short period of time, the disposal operation must be quick in dispatching the alarm, arriving quickly, preparing quickly, evacuating and rescuing people quickly, and achieving the purpose of responding quickly to the emergency.
(5) Pay attention to scientific, sound and reliable principles. We must be scientific in solving collapse accidents to avoid consecutive collapse accidents caused by hasty actions.
(6) The principle of saving people first. When someone is threatened on site, the first priority is to rescue them.
(7) To rescue the wounded, immediately contact the emergency center and hospital, request the dispatch of emergency vehicles and make first aid preparations to ensure that the wounded receive timely treatment.
(8) During the evidence collection and rescue operation at the accident site, arrange personnel to conduct accident investigation and evidence collection at the same time to facilitate accident handling and prevent evidence loss.
(9) Self-protection. During rescue operations, rescue machinery and equipment and rescue personnel should strictly implement safe operating procedures, be equipped with safety facilities and protective tools, strengthen self-protection, and ensure personal safety during rescue operations. Security and property security.
5.4 Emergency response to welding injury accidents
(1) Personnel without specialized training are not allowed to perform welding work. Welders who weld boiler pressure-bearing parts, pipes, pressure vessels and other equipment must pass the basic examination and supplementary examination in accordance with the requirements of the boiler supervision regulations (welder examination part) and hold a certificate before they are allowed to work.
(2) Welders should wear canvas work clothes and work caps, and their tops are not allowed to be tucked into their pants. Pockets must be covered, and insulating rubber shoes must be worn under feet to avoid burns during welding.
(3) Welders should wear insulating gloves and are not allowed to operate with wet hands to avoid electric shock during welding.
(4) It is prohibited to use defective welding tools and equipment.
(5) Personnel working in high-altitude welding operations should wear safety belts correctly. Horizontal net bags should be installed on the working surface and colored strips should be spread. The surrounding area should be protected with dense mesh to prevent welding slag from splashing.
(6) Welding is not allowed on equipment with pressure (liquid pressure or gas pressure) or on equipment with electricity.
(7) The power cord fixed on site must be protected by a plastic sleeve buried in the ground to prevent electric shock caused by being pressed by the workpiece.
(8) Before electric welding construction, the project must obtain a fire permit.
5.5 Emergency Response to Vehicle Fire Accidents
(1) After a vehicle fire accident occurs, the project should immediately organize personnel to put out the fire and unload the cargo on the vehicle if possible.
(2) Clear the road at the accident site to ensure the smooth progress of the rescue work and evacuate the crowd to a safe area.
(3) During the first aid process, when encountering a situation that threatens personal safety rights, personal safety should be ensured first, and first aid measures should be taken after quickly organizing the escape from the dangerous area or place.
(4) In order to prevent vehicle explosions, in addition to self-rescue, project personnel should also seek help from professional social rescue teams to extinguish the fire as soon as possible.
(5) Regular inspection and maintenance of vehicles, checking the equipment of fire extinguishers on vehicles, and ensuring good vehicle condition are the best measures to prevent vehicle fires.
(6) The weather is hot in summer and the temperature inside the car is high. In order to prevent spontaneous combustion of the vehicle, you should try to park the car in a cool place or regularly sprinkle water on the car to cool down.
5.6 Emergency response to major traffic accidents
(1) After the accident, call the emergency hotline quickly and notify the traffic police.
(2) After receiving the alarm, the project should immediately organize a self-rescue team, quickly send the injured to a nearby hospital, and send personnel to protect the scene.
(3) Assist the traffic police to clear the road at the scene of the accident, ensure the smooth progress of the rescue work, and evacuate the crowd to a safe area.
(4) Do a good job of comforting and handling the aftermath of the incident.
5.7 Emergency response to fire and explosion accidents
5.7.1 Principles to be followed in emergency procedures for fire and explosion accidents
(1) After the emergency occurs, Anyone who finds it should call the police immediately. Once this plan is launched, the relevant responsible persons must make handling major emergencies their overriding priority and must not shirk or delay for any reason. All departments and units must obey orders, coordinate, and work together to do a good job. If serious consequences are caused due to failure to do the job or dereliction of duty, the relevant personnel must be held accountable.
(2) After receiving an alarm, the project should immediately organize a self-rescue team and immediately carry out self-rescue according to the pre-established emergency plan; if the situation is serious and difficult to control and handle, the project should immediately report to the emergency department while self-rescuing. Professional team rescue and closely cooperate with the rescue team.
(3) Clear the road at the accident site to ensure the smooth progress of the rescue work; evacuate the crowd to a safe area.
(4) During the first aid process, when encountering a situation that threatens personal safety, personal safety should be ensured first, and first aid measures should be taken after quickly organizing the escape from the dangerous area or place.
(5) Cut off the power supply and the transportation of flammable gas (liquid) to prevent the situation from expanding.
(6) The safety director is the emergency liaison officer and is responsible for emergency liaison work.
(7) After the emergency incident is handled, the safety director should fill in the record and convene relevant personnel to study countermeasures to prevent the accident from happening again.
5.7.2 Emergency measures for fire and explosion accidents
(1) Fire safety education for construction workers
The purpose is to help construction workers learn fire prevention and fire extinguishing Various safe evacuation knowledge and response methods such as evacuation, evacuation, and transfer of dangerous goods, etc., to improve the psychological endurance and resilience of construction workers in the event of fires and explosions. Once an emergency occurs, construction workers can not only help themselves calmly, but also calmly cooperate with outside firefighters to put out fires to minimize fire accident losses.
(2) Early warning. When an incident occurs, construction workers in the safe zone can transmit fire information and location to construction workers upstairs through mobile phones and walkie-talkies.
(3) Use of elevators, stairs, and horse paths in emergencies
In the event of a fire in a high-rise building, indoor elevators and external elevators cannot be used to escape. Because indoor elevator shafts will produce a "chimney effect", external elevators may suffer from power short circuits. It is best to escape through indoor stairs or outdoor scaffolding horse trails (the building height of this project is not high, so it is best to use this method to escape). If the downstairs are blocked, construction workers can wait patiently for rescue on a certain floor or at the top of the building. They can open windows or cut safety nets to maintain ventilation. At the same time, cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth and wave a colorful safety helmet to indicate your location. Avoid crowding on the horse trail when escaping.
5.7.3 Behavioral factors that should be avoided when evacuating people when a fire or explosion occurs
(1) Gathering of people
When a disaster occurs, due to human physiological reactions And psychological reactions determine the behavior of disaster victims with obvious phototropism and blind obedience. Phototropism means that in the dark, especially when they can't tell the direction and are desperate, as long as there is a glimmer of light, people will impatiently walk towards the light. Blind obedience means that when events suddenly change and their lives are threatened, people lose their ability to understand and judge correctly due to excessive tension and panic. As long as someone says hello, many people will follow and escape in crowds, which will affect evacuation and even cause Casualties.
(2) Panic behavior
It is an excessive and unwise escape behavior, which can easily lead to various harmful emotional actions. Such as: despair, hysteria, etc. If this behavior leads to "competitive" crowding, actions such as entering the fire scene, crossing the smoke space, and jumping off the building, it will often bring disastrous consequences.
(3) Re-entering the fire scene
When the victims have evacuated or are about to evacuate the fire scene, they are forced to re-enter the fire scene due to some special reasons. This is also a dangerous behavior. In actual fire cases, a considerable proportion of catastrophic consequences occur due to re-entry into the fire.
5.8 Emergency response to mechanical injury accidents
The emergency command immediately convenes members of the emergency team to analyze the on-site accident situation, clarify the rescue steps, required equipment, facilities and personnel, and follow the plan and division of labor. Carry out rescue. When a rescue vehicle is needed, the emergency command should arrange for a special person to pick up the vehicle and lead the rescue vehicle to rescue quickly.
5.8.1 Emergency measures when tower crane accident signs occur
(1) The tower crane foundation sinks or tilts: ① The operation should be stopped immediately and the slewing mechanism should be locked. Limit its rotation. ②Set ground anchors according to the situation to control the tilt of the tower crane.
(2) Tower crane balance arm, crane arm folding arm: ① The tower crane cannot make any movements.
② According to the rescue plan, use welding and other methods according to the situation to strengthen the tower crane structure, or use connection methods to connect the tower crane structure with other objects to prevent the tower crane from tipping over and causing accidents during the dismantling process. ③Use 2-3 cranes of appropriate tonnage, one to lock the boom and the other to lock the balance arm. One of them acts as a balancing moment when the arm is dismantled to prevent tipping due to sudden changes in force. ④ According to the order specified in the rescue plan, remove the deformed connecting parts of the boom or balance arm, cut them with gas welding, and use a crane to remove the boom; ⑤ Follow the normal tower dismantling procedures to dismantle the tower crane. The deformed structure is cut open by steam welding.
(3) Tower crane overturning: ① Adopt welding and connection methods to increase the balancing moment without destroying the instability force and control the development of the danger. ② Select a crane of appropriate tonnage to dismantle the tower crane according to the rescue plan, and use gas welding to cut or adjust the deformed parts.
(4) Danger of anchoring system: ① Match the tower balance arm to the building, and the arm rotation process must be smooth and locked. ② Reinforce the tower crane anchoring system. ③ If it is necessary to replace the anchoring system components, lower the tower crane to the specified height before replacing the components.
(5) Tower structure deformation, fracture, and open welding: ① Correspond to the tower balance arm to the deformed part, and the arm swing process must be smooth and locked. ② According to the situation, use welding and other means to reinforce the deformed or broken parts of the tower crane structure and the open welding parts. ③Replace the damaged structure of the dropped tower.
5.8.2 Emergency measures for small mechanical equipment accidents
(1) When various mechanical injuries occur, the power supply should be cut off first, and then treatment should be carried out according to the location and nature of the injury.
(2) According to the degree of injuries of the people on site, while notifying the emergency hospital, on-site rescue will be carried out for those with minor injuries.
(3) If you do not know the location and extent of the injury to a seriously injured person, do not blindly rescue the person to avoid more serious injuries.
5.8.3 Disposal of casualties caused by mechanical injury accidents:
(1) Quickly determine the exact location of the accident, the possible scope of the impact, the extent of equipment damage, casualties, etc. situation to handle according to different situations.
(2) Demarcate a specific area for the accident. Non-rescue personnel are not allowed to enter the specific area without permission. Quickly verify the number of people working on the tower crane. If someone is trapped under the collapsed equipment, take reliable measures to reinforce the surrounding area immediately, and then remove or cut the rods holding the injured person down to remove the injured person.
(3) Handling of several situations when rescuing injured persons:
-- If it is confirmed that the person is dead, protect the scene immediately;
-- If this happens Personnel is in coma, injured internal organs, fractures and massive blood loss: ① Immediately contact 120, 999 ambulance or the nearest hospital to the scene and explain the severity of the injury. In order to obtain the best rescue effect, you can also contact a specialist hospital according to the severity of the injury. ② Trauma and massive bleeding: Before the ambulance arrives, take measures to stop bleeding on site. ③Broken bones: Pay attention to protection when moving. Those who are unconscious, may have injuries to the spine, internal organs, or whose injuries are unknown must use a stretcher or flat plate. One person is not allowed to lift the shoulders and the other person is not allowed to lift the legs.
-- General trauma: ① Send to the hospital depending on the severity of the injury to prevent tetanus. ②Slight internal injuries, send to hospital for examination.
-- When formulating rescue measures, be sure to consider the safety and risks of the measures taken, and conduct rescue operations only after the evaluation confirms that they are safe to avoid new injuries or losses caused by improper measures.
6 Emergency supplies and equipment
(1) Equipment for rescuers: helmets, protective clothing, protective boots, protective gloves, seat belts, respiratory protection equipment, etc.;
(2) Fire extinguishing media: water, foam, CO2, haloalkane, dry powder, inert gas, etc.;
(3) Fire extinguisher: dry powder, foam, 1211, gas fire extinguisher, etc.;
< p> (4) Simple fire extinguishing tools: broom, shovel, bucket, washbasin, sandbox, asbestos quilt, wet cloth, dry powder bag, etc.;(5) Fire rescue equipment: life net, life ladder, Life-saving bags, life-saving mats, life-saving slides, descenders, etc.;
(6) Automatic resuscitator: suitable for rescuing respiratory depression or respiratory distress caused by poisoning, suffocation, chest trauma, drowning, electric shock, etc. Asphyxiation of the wounded in suspended animation.
(7) Communication equipment: one fixed phone, mobile phone: in principle, one for each manager, and several walkie-talkies.
7 Plan Management
7.1 Training
(1) Select training content and formulate a training plan according to the different trainees and jobs.
(2) Training content: Ability and awareness to identify abnormal situations and report them in a timely manner; how to correctly handle various accidents; self-rescue and mutual rescue capabilities; knowledge of the use of various rescue equipment and tools; contact with superiors and subordinates methods and the meanings of various signals; what dangers exist in the workplace; the use of protective equipment and homemade simple protective equipment; how to act in an emergency.
7.2 Drills
The project department shall organize on-site actual drills at least once every quarter based on assumed accident scenarios, and record the drill plan and process.
8 Revision and improvement of the plan
(1) In order to apply new technologies and new methods to emergency rescue and remain consistent with the changing specific circumstances, the plan should be revised Keep it updated and rewrite when necessary.
(2) Conduct regular inspections of hazard sources, new devices, and changes in personnel, and update the plan in a timely manner.
(3) Improve the level in practice and exercises and further rationalize the plan.