The pen name and original name of the writer
Many writers in China use pen names instead of their original names when publishing their works. There are many reasons for using a pen name. Some writers began writing as early as the New Democratic Revolution. Under the conditions of white terror at that time, in order not to expose their identities and avoid persecution by the enemy, they could only publish articles under pseudonyms; some writers published articles under the pseudonym To express a certain feeling or yearning of oneself; some writers like to use their own study names as pen names; some writers publish articles with the homophony of their original names, etc. Because these writers' articles have been written under pseudonyms for a long time. Over time, the majority of readers can only remember their pen names but not their original names.
■The origin of the pen name "Lu Xun"
Before using the name "Lu Xun", our great writers had names such as Zhang, Zhou Zhangshou, Yushan, and Zhou Shuren.
"A Zhang" was acquired by his grandfather Zhou Fuqing. Lu Xun was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in September 1881. At that time, his grandfather Zhou Fuqing was an official in Beijing. When the good news of having a grandson came to him, Zhang Zhidong happened to be visiting, so his grandfather named his grandson "A Zhang" after he met him. "; Later, the name was "Zhang Shou" and the name was "Yushan" with homophones and different meanings. Lu Xun entered a private school at the age of 7 and was named after him.
The pronunciations of "Yushan" and "umbrella" in Shaoxing dialect are similar. When Lu Xun was in school, his classmates often made fun of him, so he asked his grandfather to change his name, which was later changed to "Yuting" and then to "Yuting". talent".
In 1898, 17-year-old Lu Xun left his hometown and came to Nanjing to join an uncle named Jiao Sheng and entered the Jiangnan Naval Academy.
Zhou Jiaosheng himself was an official at the Naval Academy, but he had great contempt for this kind of Westernization academy. He believed that the descendants of his clan would not follow the right path of honoring their ancestors, but came here to prepare to be a sailor who waved the flag. , it really loses the elegance of a "famous family". In order not to embarrass his ancestors, he felt that it was inappropriate for Lu Xun to use the name in the family tree, so he changed the real name of "Zhang Shou" to "Shu Ren", which means "it takes ten years to grow trees and a hundred years to cultivate people".
In May 1918, with the encouragement and introduction of Qian Xuantong, Lu Xun published the first vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" in the history of modern Chinese literature in Volume 4, No. 5 of "New Youth". Used the pen name "Lu Xun" for the first time. Before "Lu Xun", the pen name "Xun Xing" was also used.
Lu Xun used more than 140 pen names in his life, and he became famous all over the world under the pen name "Lu Xun". Xu Shoushang once explained this:
(1) The mother’s surname is Lu,
(2) Zhou Lu is from a country with the same surname,
(3) Taking Foolish and quick.
But whether this was Lu Xun’s original intention is unknown.
■The origin of the pen name "Ai Qing"
Ai Qing's original name is Jiang Haicheng. In 1931, when the September 18th Incident broke out, Ai Qing was studying in France. He and many Chinese young people studying in France were discriminated against and insulted in Paris. One day, when Ai Qing checked in at a hotel, the hotel staff asked him his name. Ai Qing said his name was Jiang Haicheng. The other party mistakenly heard it as "Chiang Kai-shek" and immediately started shouting. Ai Qing was so angry that he put an "×" under the cursive prefix of "Chiang", and took the hometown colloquial homophony of "Cheng" as "Qing", and filled in "Ai Qing" when registering for accommodation. Since then, this name has been used.
Reference materials: /wenhua/wenhua_display.asp?id=449
■The origin of the pen name "Ba Jin"
Ba Jin is a famous modern writer with outstanding language skills master. The most influential novel "Home" is his early masterpiece. Through the inside story of the life of a big bureaucratic landlord family, the novel profoundly exposes the darkness and decadence of feudal society, accuses the evils of the old ethics and the old forces, and praises the awakening of the intellectual youth in the early days of the May Fourth Movement and their struggle against the feudal forces. With its profound ideological content and delicate and unique artistic style, it has won the love of readers and inspired young intellectuals to resist feudal ethics and pursue bright happiness. It still has great anti-feudal significance today.
Ba Jin was born into a large bureaucratic landlord family in Chengdu, Sichuan. His original name was Li Xiaotang and his courtesy name was Fu Gan. Their seniority is "Yao", Ba Jin's eldest brother is named Yaozhang, and his third brother is named Yaolin. There are 3 poems of "Gantang" and 3 chapters in "Guofeng·Zhaonan" in "The Book of Songs". The sentence "covering Fu Gantang" is superimposed at the beginning of each chapter. The last character of Ba Jin's original name is "Tang" and the word "Gantang". "Fu Gan" comes from this. "Fu Gan" and "Li Fu Gan" were the pseudonyms of Ba Jin in his early articles and translations, so they have long been mistaken for his original name.
In 1927, when he was living in France, he met several friends, one of whom was named Barnbot. Soon, he heard that Barnbo committed suicide by drowning in Xiangre. Although he was not familiar with this friend, he felt deeply pained. The character "Ba" in the pen name "Ba Jin" later adopted was the surname of the friend who committed suicide. As for the word "金" in the pen name, it was a friend from Anhui who came up with the idea. At that time, not long after he had finished translating the first half of Kropotkin's "Ethics", the English translation of this book was still spread out on the table. The friend heard that he was looking for an easy-to-remember word as a pen name ( already had the surname "Ba"), he jokingly said the word "金".
He adopted his friend's advice, and from then on, the pen name "Ba Jin", which was a combination of a rare surname and a common character, was born.
In August 1928, he signed the pen name "Ba Jin" for the first time on his novel "Destruction" and sent the novel to his friend Suo Fei, who was the manager of the sales department of Kaiming Bookstore in Shanghai. Sophie received the manuscript and immediately forwarded it to Mr. Ye Shengtao, because Zheng Zhenduo was abroad at that time, and Ye Shengtao was acting as the editor of "Novel Monthly". After Ye Shengtao read "Destruction", he thought it was very good and published it. As a result, the name "Ba Jin" began to radiate brilliant brilliance in the literary world.
■The origin of the pen name "Lao She"
Lao She, whose original name was Shu Qingchun, split the word "Shu" into two words: "She" and "Yu", and named him "Shu Sheyu" ", and later simply called him "Lao She". The reason for this is that they are accustomed to the affectionate names used by friends in the north when meeting, such as "Lao Wang, Lao Ma" and so on. In addition, it also means sacrificing oneself for others, working hard to inspire others, and "who else can I do without myself?"
■The origin of the pen name "Bing Xin"
Since Bing Xin published her works under a pen name, she has received numerous honors. Even her real name, Xie Wanying, has been overshadowed by her pen name. What is the origin of the pen name "Bing Xin"?
In 1919, Bing Xin used "Bing Xin" as a pen name for the first time when she published her first novel "Two Families". According to Bing Xin, "At that time, I didn't want my classmates to know that I wrote the article, and the stroke of 'Bing Xin' was both simple and easy to write, and it was consistent with the meaning of 'Ying' in my real name, Xie Wanying, which means 'smooth and transparent'. After I was born , my grandfather once asked a fortune teller to tell my fortune. The fortune teller said that I should be male and have the star Wenqu in my destiny. He also said that there was a lack of fire in my horoscope, so my second uncle named me "Wanying", with the prefix "Ying" in the prefix. There are two characters for "fire""
■The origin of the pen name "Cao Yu"
Cao Yu is taken from the traditional Chinese character "Wan" in his surname Wan. When broken down, it is Cao Yu. Take, take Cao, hence the name Cao Yu.
■Attachment 1: The origin of the writer’s pen name
1. Lu Xun (Zhou Shuren)
In April 1918, he published "Diary of a Madman". He used the name Lu Xun. He explained his pen name this way: 1. His mother’s surname was Lu; 2. Zhou Lu was from a country with the same surname; 3. It means stupid and quick.
2. Ba Jin (Li Yaotang)
When Ba Jin was studying in France, a classmate named Ba committed suicide. To commemorate him, he took "Ba" as his surname. One of his friends also gave him an easy-to-remember name called "Jin", so the name "Ba Jin" was born, and he used this name in his book "Destruction".
3. Cao Yu (Wan Jiabao)
Cao Yu is taken from the traditional Chinese character "Wan" in the original surname Wan. When taken apart, it is Cao Yu. The curative character is not taken, but Cao, hence the name Cao Yu.
4. Bing Xin (Xie Wanying)
Bing Xin was exposed to Chinese classical texts when she was a child, especially Tang poetry. She particularly appreciated the poem "Farewell to Xin Jian at the Furong Tower" written by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Changling, and particularly liked the line "A heart of ice in a jade pot". In order to show that she did not collude with the underworld, she took the pen name "Bing Xin".
5. Gorky (Aleksey Peishikov)
"Gorky" means "pain" in Russian, so why did he choose this name? Woolen cloth? It turns out that his parents died when he was young, and he started to make a living in society after studying for two years. He suffered a lot of human suffering. In order to commemorate his experience, he took the pen name "Gorky".
6. Zhang Henshui (Zhang Xinyuan)
The name "Henshui" was the pen name he took when he submitted his first article in Suzhou when he was 17 years old. It comes from the postmaster of the Southern Tang Dynasty. Li Yu's "Meeting Happily" poem "Rouge tears, leaving people drunk, when will it happen again? It's because life grows and hates water flowing eastward" is excerpted. Zhang Henshui loved poetry when he was young. After reading the poem Li Houzhu, he thought that life is limited and time cannot be allowed to flow by in vain, so he took this pen name.
7. Zhu Ziqing (Zhu Zihua)
In 1917, 20-year-old Zhu Ziqing "feeled that his family's financial situation was not good, and in order to encourage himself not to follow the popular customs, he changed his name to Ziqing." The word "Zi Qing" comes from "Chu Ci·Bu Ju": "Is it better to be honest and upright to self-Qing?" "It means being honest and upright to keep oneself innocent.
8. Dai Wangshu (Dai Chaozong)
The pen name "Wangshu" is taken from Qu Yuan's "Li Sao": "Qian Wangshu makes the pioneer come. , Hou Fei Lian made his subordinates rush. "Wangshu is the god who drives the moon and drives in mythology, and later became a synonym for the moon. The moon can be used as a symbol of love in ancient poetry. The hazy moonlight is consistent with the hazy and graceful music of Dai Wangshu's poems. The pen name implies the content and content of the poet's poems. Poetry style.
9. Lao She (Shu Qingchun)
Lao She is derived from his surname "Shu", and his character "Sheyu" is also derived from his surname.
10. Jin Yong (Cha Liangyong)
Jin Yong came from the last word "Yong"
11. Liu Baiyu (Liu Yuzhan)
The pen name of "Bai Yu". From the Tang Dynasty Lu Lun's poem "The Song of Saixia": "The dark grass in the forest is frightened by the wind, and the general draws his bow at night. I looked for the white feather in plain sight, but it was missing among the stone edges. "This poem describes the legend of Li Guang shooting a tiger recorded in "Historical Records: Biography of General Li", "Guang went hunting and saw a stone in the grass. He thought he was a tiger and shot it, but the stone was missing.
Look at it, it's a stone." The "white feather" in the poem is not a soft goose feather, but an arrowhead. This pen name embodies the writer's ambition to fight on the battlefield and serve the motherland with the historical name as a model. Later, Liu Baiyu also This is also the origin of publishing essays under the pseudonym "Shi Lingzhong"
12. Qiong Yao (Chen Zhe)
Qiong Yao comes from "The Book of Songs·Weifeng·Papaya": " Give me peaches and give me Qiong Yao. "This is a sweet love poem, and the pen name is a perfect reflection of Qiong Yao's identity as a romance writer.
■Appendix 2: The origin of the pen names of eleven famous writers
1. At the end of 1920, Lu Xun's friend Xu Shoushang asked Lu Xun in person the meaning of his pseudonym "Lu Xun". Lu Xun's reply was: first, his mother's surname was Lu; second, Zhou Lu was from a country with the same surname; third, it means stupid and quick. .
2. In August 1927, Mao Dun was wanted by the Chiang Kai-shek government and could not publish his works under his real name. After completing the writing of "Disillusionment", he signed it as "Contradiction" and submitted it to "Novel Monthly". The name "Contradiction" came from seeing many contradictions in life and thoughts. Mr. Ye Shengtao, who acted as the editor of "Novel Monthly", felt that the word "Contradiction" was a pseudonym at first glance, and he was afraid of attracting the attention of the government and causing trouble, so he A straw head was added to the word "Spear".
3. The pseudonym "Ba Jin" has nothing to do with anarchism. Balao once introduced it in the article "On "Destruction". The origin of this pen name: "Ba" comes from a classmate named "Ba Enbo", who was very painful because he committed suicide by drowning; "Jin" was given by a friend from Anhui who studied philosophy. I was looking for a word that was easy to remember, so the classmate half-jokingly said the word "金".
4. "Cao Yu" is derived from the word "Wan" in Wan Jiabao. Come. The traditional character for "Wan" is "", with "艹" at the top and "Yu" at the bottom. Because the character "艹" does not resemble a surname, the writer chose the character "Cao" based on its homophony.
5. The name "Xu Zhimo" was given by his father. It turned out that when the poet was "catching Zhou", a monk Zhihui came to the family, stroked the poet's head and said: " This boy will become a great person in the future. "This was what Xu's father wanted, so he asked his son to be named "Zhimo" - monk Zhihui rubbed his head.
6. The name "Qin Mu" was intended to criticize the Kuomintang. The reactionary rule: overthrow the "Qin", that is, the Kuomintang regime, and build an idyllic and peaceful life.
7. Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun were a couple. At that time, they corresponded with Lu Xun and used the words " "Xiao Hong" and "Xiao Jun" were used as pen names. The two pen names together mean "Little Red Army", which expresses their yearning for revolution.
8. Zhang Henshui has been using this pen name since 1914. The name is taken from Li Houzhu's poem "Since life is long, I hate the water forever", which means to encourage yourself to seize the time and cherish life.
9. In 1930, Gao Shi returned to China from the United States. He was devastated, and he changed his name to Gao Shiqi to express his ambition: "Throw away people and don't want to be an official, throw away gold and don't want money!" "Gao Shiqi" later became his official name.
10. Yang Mo has loved jasmine since she was a child. She once discussed with her third sister Bai Yang, and they were named Yang Junmo and Yang Junli respectively according to their ranking. Later. According to the homonym, it was written as "Yang Junmo", and the word "Jun" was dropped and written as "Yang Mo". However, she always felt that the word "mo" was inconsistent with her cheerful personality, so she changed it to "Yang Mo" according to the homonym, which means she is willing to be a revolutionary ocean.
11. Yan Wenjing is from Hubei. In Mandarin, the front nasal sound of "jin" and the back nasal sound of "well" are pronounced the same in his native dialect, "Yan Wenjin" " is often pronounced as "Yan Wenjing", and a group of his literary friends simply deleted the redundant characters and shortened it to "Yan Wenjing". Later, he himself accepted this name with the flavor of his hometown.