Peasant uprising

The earliest recorded peasant movement in the history of China was the first peasant uprising in the history of China, which took place in osawa Township led by Chen Sheng and Guangwu at the end of Qin Dynasty.

Chen Sheng and Guangwu Peasant Uprising War (Daze Township Uprising)

Chen Sheng and Guangwu are famous leaders of China peasant uprising army. The uprising they led was a large-scale peasant uprising that broke out in the late Qin Dynasty (about 209 BC) in China history.

In 2 10 BC, Qin Shihuang died of illness, and his youngest son, Hu Hai, acceded to the throne. This is Qin Ershi.

Qin Ershi was a fatuous and cruel emperor. Under his rule, the corvee tax burden of ordinary people became heavier and heavier, and the criminal law became more and more severe. Working people are struggling with hunger and death.

In 209 BC, Qin Ershi ordered the recruitment of 900 poor farmers in the Huaihe River basin to defend Yuyang (now Miyun, Beijing).

Chen Sheng from a peasant family and Guangwu from a poor peasant family were appointed as captains. When they arrived in osawa Township, Qixian County (southwest of Suxian County, Anhui Province), the continuous rain stopped them here, and they could not reach Yuyang garrison as scheduled. According to the provisions of the Qin law, anyone who misses the deadline will be put to death. So they decided to rebel. In order to create public opinion, they lit a bonfire in the shrine near the station at night, making a fox sound and making a sound of "Great Chu wàng, Chen", which was passed down as a myth by the people.

The two military commanders who escorted them were very violent, so Chen Sheng and Guangwu took the opportunity to kill them, and then said to everyone: You are late for the heavy rain, and you will be beheaded if you are late. Even if they don't kill us, 67 people in 10 will die defending the frontier. What's more, the strong man's broken wrist is not dead yet. Since you are going to die, do something vigorous! Their words inspired the soldiers to fight. Everyone elected Chen Sheng as a general and Guangwu as a surname, and put forward the slogan of "No way to attack Qin" to form a peasant uprising army. The first peasant uprising broke out in the history of China.

Chen Sheng, led the peasant uprising army, occupied osawa Township, captured Qixian County, and soon captured five or six counties. Wherever the rebels went, poor farmers responded in succession. After Chen Sheng and the rebels led by him captured Chen County, the "Zhang Chu" regime was established, with Chen Sheng as king. This is the first peasant revolutionary regime in the history of China. The rebel army advanced with victory and attacked the state of Qin in three ways. At this time, the insurgents have grown to hundreds of thousands of people and have thousands of personnel carriers. The peasant army led by Zhou Wen, a rebel army, soon reached the war zone in Guanzhong (now Lintong, Shaanxi) and approached Xianyang. Qin Ershi was very alarmed when he saw that the rebels had captured the capital. He quickly sent Shaofu Zhang Han to lead hundreds of thousands of torturers who built a tomb in Lishan Mountain to meet the rebels. At the same time, 300,000 troops were transferred from the frontier fortress to fight against the insurgents. Although the peasant army in Zhou Wen fought bravely, they fought alone and lacked operational experience. Suddenly attacked by Qin Jun, the defeat forced him to quit Hangu Pass and stay in Cao Yang (Lingbao East, Henan Province), waiting for reinforcements. After the peasant army occupied Handan, the old capital of Zhao, the old aristocratic forces who joined the rebel army represented and encouraged them to become the king of Zhao. Chen Sheng reluctantly admitted it for the sake of the tail from wagging the dog, and ordered him to lead an army to the west to support Zhou Wen. Zhang Er and Chen Yu not only failed to rescue the peasant army in Zhou Wen, but stood on their own feet and did not listen to Chen Sheng's command. Then the old nobles of the six countries successively ceded land and became kings. In this way, the insurgents led by Chen Sheng and Guangwu were caught between Scylla and Charybdis. Zhou Wen led the army to fight in Cao Yang for three months and lost many times. Finally, Zhou Wen committed suicide because he was outnumbered and had no backup. Soon, Guangwu, who besieged Xingyang, was killed by the Ministry. After Guangwu's death, the morale of the army collapsed. Several other insurgents were carved up by Qin Jun one after another. In 209 BC, in 65438+ February, Zhang Han led to Chen County, and Chen Sheng personally led the insurgents to fight hard, but unfortunately they lost because of too few troops. Bobby Chen was assassinated by the driver Zhuang Jia. Chen Sheng's men, such as Lv Chen, persisted in their struggle. This insurrectionary army later joined the insurrectionary army led by Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, and continued to fight Qin Jun. In 206 BC, the Qin Dynasty was destroyed under the heavy blow of the peasant insurrectionary army.

The Battle between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang to Destroy the Qin Dynasty

From March of the second year of Qin Ershi (208 BC) to September of the third year, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang inherited the unfinished business of Chen Sheng and Guangwu, joined forces with the anti-Qin forces and overthrew the rule of the Qin Dynasty.

In July of the first year, Chen Sheng and Guangwu took the lead in anti-Qin, which received positive responses from the general public and various anti-Qin forces. In September of the same year, Xiang Liang and an uncle of Xiang Yu, a descendant of Xiang Yan, a famous Chu soldier, killed Huiji County (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province) to defend the Yintong Uprising and assembled more than 8,000 elite soldiers. Liu bang in peixian county (now Jiangsu province) from two thousand people; In addition, Ying Bu, Qin Jia, Chen Ying and Li Shang, the old nobles of the former six countries, such as Wei (now northeast Henan), Zhao (now south Hebei and north Henan) and Qi (now most of Shandong), rose one after another.

After the failure of Chen Sheng and the uprising, the old nobles of the original six countries fought for independence in succession, and the anti-Qin armed forces in various places continued to actively fight against Qin. In the spring of two years, Chen Sheng's rebel general Zhao Ping, who captured Guangling (now Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province), named Xiang Liang as a pillar country of the "Zhang Chu" peasant regime in the name of Chen Sheng, and suggested that he lead troops to the western expedition to Qin State. In March, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu led the troops across the river to the north, and along the way, they collected many anti-Qin armed forces, such as Chen Ying, Ying Bu, General Pu, etc., and defeated and occupied the east of Peng Cheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). Zhang Han, the general of Qin Dynasty, went north to Lixian County (now Xiayi, Henan Province) in order to destroy the anti-Qin forces of northern ministries one after another after defeating the peasant rebels in Chen Sheng and Guangwu. When Xiang Liang sent Zhu Jishi to fight against the unfavorable situation and retreat to Xue (now southeast of Tengzhou City, Shandong Province), Liu Bangling led the troops to meet him. At this time, the insurgents have grown to more than 65438+ 10,000 people. Xiang Liang learned the news of Chen Sheng's downfall, accepted Fan Zeng's suggestion, made Xiong Xin, the grandson of Chu Huaiwang who died in Qin, king, and still called Chu Huaiwang an anti-Qin voice. Xiang Liang claimed to be Wu Xinjun, who held the military and political power.

After defeating Zhu Jishi in Lixian County, Zhang Hanjun attacked the anti-Qin forces of Wei, Qi and Zhao, defeated the Qi-Wei allied forces in Lin Ji (now southwest of Henan placanticline) and attacked Dong 'e (now Acheng Town, northeast of Shandong Yanggu). Xiang Liang led the army to help Qi, and defeated the army at the gates of Dong 'e. The Chu army pursued Puyang eastward (now southwest of Puyang, Henan Province), then defeated Qin Jun and retreated to Puyang for defense. At the same time, Xiang Yu and Liu Bangling led the troops to attack Qin Jun in Chengyang (now southeast of the old city of Juancheng, Shandong Province), Qiu Yong (now Qixian, Henan Province), Dingtao (now northwest of Dingtao, Shandong Province) and Chenliu (now southeast of Kaifeng, Henan Province). In September, Zhang Han was supplemented, and the insurgents were wiped out in Dingtao area. Xiang Liang died in battle. In order to avoid being divided by Qin Jun, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang led troops to Pengcheng area, and Chu Huaiwang also moved to Pengcheng from Xu Tai (now the northeast of Xuyi, Jiangsu).

After Ding Tao defeated Xiang Liang, Zhang Han thought that Chu soldiers were not worried enough, so he led the army north to attack Zhao. In September of the same year, Handan (now Hebei), the capital of Zhao State, was captured. Zhao Wangxie and Zhang Zhaoxiang retreated from Xindu (now Xingtai City, Hebei Province) to Julu (now Pingxiang Town, southwest of Hebei Province). Zhang Han ordered Wang Li to lead an army of 200,000 to besiege Julu. After that, 200,000 people were stationed in the south ridge of Julu (now in the south of Pingxiang, Hebei Province), and a tunnel was built outside Julu (a grain transportation channel with earth walls on both sides) to supply Wang Li's army. Zhao Wangxie sent people to Pengcheng several times to ask Chu Jun for help. Chu Huaiwang appointed Yi Song as the general, Xiang Yu as the deputy general, and led the main force to go north to save Zhao; Liu Bang was sent to lead some troops (less than 10,000 people) to enter Xianyang (now the northeast of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province) through the emptiness in Guanzhong (referring to the area west of Hanguguan). In the winter and November of the third year (Qin system, early October), he led the army to Anyang (now Anyang City, Henan Province) and stayed for 46 days in an attempt to watch the war between Qin and Zhao, in order to benefit the fishermen. The weather is cold and rainy, the army is short of food, the foot soldiers are frozen and hungry, and the giant deer is in danger. 1 1 month, Xiang Yu repeatedly suggested going north to save Zhao immediately, but he didn't listen and ordered the army to behead all disobedient people. Drinking all day. Xiang Yu then killed Yi Song. Chu Huaiwang changed Xiang Yu to a general and led the army to save Zhao. At that time, Zhao Jiang, Chen Yu and Yan Qi and other countries were afraid of Qin Jun and did not dare to go to war.

In December, Xiang Yu led more than 20,000 people through Zhangshui to save Zhao with Ying Bu and General Pu, and won the first battle. Chen Yu invited reinforcements. So, Xiang Yu personally led the main force to cross the river, ordered the sinking of the ship and the breaking of the "cauldron" (cooker), and each person only brought three days' rations to show his determination to fight to the death. To Julu, Qin Jun met, fought nine times, Qin Jun was defeated, and the tunnel was destroyed. He killed Su Jiaojiao, the general of Qin State, captured Wang Li and committed suicide (see the Battle of Julu). The vassal army and others respected Xiang Yu as a vassal general. Later, Xiang Yu attacked the south bank of Zhangshui with 56 points, and repeatedly defeated Qin Jun. Zhang Han failed to make peace and led the army to retreat. Xiang Yu chased General Pu to Sanjiujin (now Linzhang West, Hebei Province) and then defeated Qin Jun, led the army to withdraw south. Xiang Yu was personally led by Chu army and vassal army, and was defeated in Khan (a tributary of Zhangshui River, located near Linzhang, Hebei Province today). Zhang Han was defeated by Lien Chan, accused by Qin Ershi, and was in a desperate situation. In July, he led 200,000 troops to surrender to Chu (see The Battle of Dirty). At this point, all the main forces in Qin Jun have been wiped out. Xiang Yu marched straight into the customs.

In February of three years, Liu Bang led an army to the west from the Party (now Mangshan Town, northeast of Yongcheng, Henan Province). Liu bang used flexible tactics to avoid tackling key problems and take advantage of it. Before attacking Changyi (now Juye South, Shandong Province), we dispatched troops to attack Chenliu to the west, then made a detour to the south, went out of the dangerous road of Duanyuan Pass (now southeast of Yanshi, Henan Province), conquered Wancheng (now Nanyang City, Henan Province), and constantly developed and expanded our team along the way. In August, with a good plan, he bought off the generals of the State of Qin and captured an important pass in Guanzhong (now southeast of Fengdan, Shaanxi). At that time, the main force was annihilated by Xiang Yu, and the internal contradictions of the Qin ruling group intensified. Prime Minister Zhao Gao forced him to kill II and made Zi Ying king of Qin. In September, Zi Ying killed Zhao Gao and sent troops to Miguan (now southeast of Lantian, Shaanxi). Liu Bang bypassed the customs and fought with Qin Jun in Lantian. He was defeated by three wins and three losses. The army went to Tuba (now southeast of Xi, Shaanxi Province) and reached Xianyang. In October of the first year of Emperor Gaudi (206 BC), Zi Ying, king of Qin, went to war. Liu bang invaded Xianyang and Qin died.

Comments: In this campaign, the rebel army inherited the political slogan of Chen Sheng and "There is no way to attack Qin" ("Historical Records of Chen She Family"), United the anti-Qin forces in various places and overthrew the Qin Dynasty. With the determination to "cross the rubicon" in the battle of Julu, Xiang Yu won nine wars and wiped out Wang from the army, and forced him to land in Tingshui with active and continuous operations, thus wiping out the main force. Liu Bang took advantage of the gap of less troops, flexible tactics, and focused on uniting and integrating the armed forces along the way to strengthen himself, and finally occupied Xianyang and Qin Dou. Greenwood peasant uprising

From the fourth year of Tianfeng in Xin Mang (17) to the third year of Emperor Hancheng (the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, 25 years), a large-scale peasant uprising war led by Wang Kuang and Simomo in Xinshi (now the northeast of Jingshan, Hubei) overthrew Wang Mang's regime. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, political corruption, economic depression and social contradictions intensified. After the death of Emperor Ai of Han Dynasty, the young Emperor Han Ping succeeded to the throne, and Wang Mang, a consort, took charge of the state affairs as Fu and General. In the fifth year of Yuan Dynasty (5 years), Emperor Han Ping died of illness. At the age of two, Wang Mang made Liu Ying emperor and continued to control the state affairs. Four years later, Liu Ying was abolished, and the Han Dynasty stood on its own feet and changed its name to "Xin". In order to alleviate the increasingly acute social contradictions, Wang Mang made a retro "restructuring". However, cumbersome laws and regulations, heavy corvee and taxes, coupled with years of floods, droughts and locusts, make people unable to make a living. In the first year of Tianfeng (14), Ye Lang Haiqu (now southwest of Rizhao City, Shandong Province) witnessed the Lumu Uprising. In the north and south of the Yellow River and Jianghan area, there have been large-scale peasant uprisings, such as Lvlin, Chimei, Donghai Lizi, Chengtouzi Road and Linhuai Gua Tian Instrument, with millions of people, among which Lvlin and Chimei are the most powerful. In the fourth year of Tianfeng, severe famine occurred in Jingzhou area (today's two lakes, southwest Henan, east Guizhou, northeast Guangxi and northwest Guangdong), and people fled to Shan Ye swamp to dig water chestnuts to satisfy their hunger. Wang Kuang and Wang Feng, new citizens, worked hard to solve problems for the hungry and won their support. They were elected leaders and led the uprising. Subsequently, Wang Chang and others from Nanyang (now Henan) Ma Wu and Yingchuan (now Yuxian, Henan) also gathered to respond. The rebel army is based on Green Forest Mountain (now Jingshan Hongshan, Hubei Province), so it is called Green Forest Hero.

Greenwood heroes first developed to nearby villages where Wang Mang's ruling power was weak, and within a few months, farmers' armed forces of 89,000 people were formed. In April of the second year of Emperor Huang (2 1), Wang Mang ordered 20,000 selected herdsmen from Jingzhou to go to Lvlin Mountain for encirclement and suppression. Wang Kuang and other allied forces took the initiative to meet and defeated the Mang army in Du Yun (now Jingshan, Hubei) county, annihilated thousands of enemy troops and seized all the trench of the Mang army. Subsequently, the insurgents captured Lianke Jingling (now northwest of Qianjiang, Hubei), Du Yun and Anlu (now northwest of Anlu, Hubei), and when they returned to Lvlin Mountain, the team had grown to 50,000 people. In the past three years, Wang Mang sent a captain Wang Kuang (with the same name as the rebel leader Wang Kuang) and a general Lian Dan to March eastward with 65,438+10,000 troops to attack the Red-Eye Rebels in Shandong (see Red-Eye Peasant Uprising). At the same time, he also sent generals Yan You and Chen Mao to attack outlaws. At that time, the plague was prevalent in the green forest mountain area. In order to leave the epidemic area and avoid a decisive battle with Yan Youjun, the outlaws took advantage of the opportunity of the Red Eyebrow Army to defeat the Mang Army in Changcheng (now Dongping West, Shandong Province) and divided their forces to develop outward. One route was led by Wang Chang, Cheng Dan and Zhang Yin. , into the southwest county (governing Jiangling, now Hubei), called "Xiajiangbing"; One route led by Wang Kuang, Wang Feng, Ma Wu, and entered Nanyang County (now Nanyang City, Henan Province) in the north, which was called the "new army". In July, the new army attacked Suixian (now Suizhou City, Hubei Province), and thousands of people from Linping County (now the northeast of Suizhou City, Hubei Province), such as Mu Chen and Liao Zhan, rose up and responded, calling it "Ping Bing Lin". When outlaws marched into Fuling (now Zaoyang South, Hubei Province), Ada, Liu Xiu, Li Tong and Li Yi also led seven or eight thousand guest uprisings, known as "Fuling soldiers". 1 1 month, Fuling, Xinshi and Linping successively won in Changju (now Tanghe, Henan Province) and Jiyang (now Nanyang, Henan Province). Ada attacked Wancheng (now Nanyang, Henan) and was defeated by Zhen Fu and Liang Qiu, but surrendered to Jiyang. The Mang Army stayed in Lan Xiang (now Biyang, Henan Province), and the elite soldiers were 65,438+10,000 in Nanlinchi River (now Biyang, Henan Province). At that time, Wang Chang and others led more than 5,000 people from Jiang Bing to Qiu Yi (now southeast of Tanghe, Henan) to prepare to join forces with the main force. /kloc-in October/February, the Fourth Army of Greenwood Heroes joined forces and attacked Lan Xiang at night, defeating more than 65,438+10,000 people of the Mang Army, annihilating more than 20,000 people and killing their leaders Zhen Fu and Liang Qiu. Then in Yuyang (now Xinye North, Henan Province), Yan You and Chen Mao, the mang army who came to reinforce, were defeated and beheaded by more than 3,000 people. Yan You abandoned the army and fled. The insurgents won a total victory, captured a large number of prisoners and trench, and the team grew to more than 654.38+10,000 people. Rebels immediately surrounded the strategic city of Wancheng. In February of four years, outlaws promoted Liu Xuan, the imperial clan of the Han Dynasty who joined the Lin Ping army, to become emperor, established political power and changed the dynasty. After the outlaw hero established his political power, his strength grew and his morale rose. When the main force surrounded Wancheng and prepared to go west to Wuguan (now southeast of Fengdan, Shaanxi Province) to capture Guanzhong (referring to the area west of Hanguguan), Wang Feng, Wang Chang, Liu Xiu and others led twenty thousand people, and while the Mang army was stranded in Yingchuan by Yan You and Chen Mao, they pushed northward to contain the Mang army. In March, Wang Feng and others successively conquered Kunyang (now Ye County, Henan Province), Dingling (now Northwest Yancheng City, Henan Province) and Yancheng County (now Southwest Yancheng City, Henan Province). At that time, Wang Mang felt that Guanzhong was seriously threatened and hurriedly changed his plan. He transferred the main force of the Mang Army, which was originally used to suppress the Red Eyebrow Army, to the south, and sent general Wang Yi to Luoyang, together with Wang Xun, to enlist 420,000 county soldiers, claiming to be millions, in an attempt to break through Nanyang and annihilate the outlaw hero. In May, Wang Yijun joined forces with Yan Youjun in Yingchuan, and the army headed for Wancheng. Wang Yi and Wang Xun, relying on their troops, insisted on breaking Kunyang first, and then Pojun's main force. So the envoys went to the Kunyang Department first and surrounded Kunyang layer by layer. Wang Feng and Wang Chang led 89,000 people to stick to Kunyang, and Liu Xiu led 13 to ride out of the city gate overnight and go to Yanxian and Dingling to mobilize reinforcements. Wang Yi and many other attacks were repelled by the defenders. In June, Liu Xiu arrived with more than 10,000 reinforcements. First, more than 3,000 people attacked Wang Yi and Wang Xunjun, and then led the warriors to detour to the west of Kunyang, storming the headquarters of Wang Yijun. Wang Xun and Wang Yi still rely on the crowd to try to be brave, and ordered other battalions to stay put and only lead more than 10,000 people to fight. Wang Xun was forced to kill because of the unfavorable confrontation. The rebels in the city left the city at the right time, and the mang army was in chaos. In the event of strong winds and thunderstorms, the water burst (now Shahe in Yexian County) soared, tens of thousands of mang troops drowned, and the rest scattered. Wang Yi only led thousands of people to flee to Luoyang (see the Battle of Kunyang). Follwed was destroyed by the main force, and was transferred back to Wang Kuang, a surname who suppressed the Red Eyebrow Army. The national mourning chapter was stuck in Luoyang; Another team captain Zhu Meng and right team doctor Song Gang were sent to guard Wuguan; Then, nine generals called "Nine Tigers" commanded tens of thousands of guards to defend in Huayin (now Huayin East, Shaanxi Province) and Huixi (now Huayin Border, Shaanxi Province) in an attempt to hold on to Luoyang and Chang 'an (now xi Northwest, Shaanxi Province). After the rebel army conquered Kunyang Wancheng, it took a short break, that is, in August, the soldiers split into two ways, leaving Luoyang in the north and going through the customs in the west. Wang Kuang led a main force northward, captured Luoyang in September, and captured Wang Kuang alive, mourning for the country. Shen Tujian and Song Li led the troops westward. When the enemy arrived at Wuguan, the commander-in-chief of the Mang Army, Zhu Meng, had fallen under Deng Ye, Yu Kuang and Song Gang in the analysis county (now Xixia, Henan Province) that responded to the rebels and had been killed. Huayin's "Nine Tigers" was also defeated by Deng Wei and others. The "two tigers" committed suicide, and the "four tigers" fled, leaving only the "three tigers" to collect the remains and surrender to the warehouse of the capital in Weikou (now Huayin North, Shaanxi). Deng wow, Yu Kuang opened the door and closed it to meet the rebels. He led 3,000 people to Huxian County (now Tongguan East, Shaanxi Province) and joined forces with Deng to attack Cangweike. Deng Wei then sent Wang Xianbei to cross the Weihe River and bypass the north of Chang 'an. Song Li divided his army and led a general, Chen Han, to attack Xinfeng (now northeast of Lintong, Shaanxi Province) in the west, and Dou Rong, the general of Wang Mang Boshui. No matter where Wang Xian's department goes, the wind of the headstrong army surrenders. Chen Han captured Xinfeng in one fell swoop and pursued Dou Rong to Chang 'an. When the rebels arrived in the capital, the local people responded. Before the militia attacked the city, all the troops attacked the city one after another. Wang Mang failed to follow the example of Qin Ershi's armed prisoners and was surrounded by rebels and the masses at the Progressive Platform (located in Cangchi, Weiyang Palace). Wang Yi and others died one after another, and Wang Mang was killed by businessman Du Wu. The demise of the new stubborn regime. In February of the following year, Liu Xuan, the founder of Greenwood Hero, moved to Chang 'an.

Comments: The Green Forest Peasant Uprising Army was an important force in the peasant uprising war in the last years of Xin Mang, which played a key role in overthrowing the Xin Mang regime and occupied an important position in the history of China peasant war. But like all failed peasant uprisings, it did not have a far-sighted strategic vision (such as Chen Guang Uprising, Red Eyebrow Uprising, Yellow Scarf Peasant Uprising, Peasant Uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty, Huang Chao Uprising, Li Zicheng Peasant Uprising at the end of Ming Dynasty, Zhang Peasant Uprising and Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement). Since the new regime moved the capital, it has not put forward corresponding political and military measures on how to end the national separatist situation. Liu Xuan only knows how to take bribes and bend the law, and enjoys it, squandering officials at home and excluding others abroad. Liu Xiu took the opportunity to proclaim himself emperor and publicly broke with the regime that started a new stove. In September of the third year of the restart, the Red Eyebrow Army conquered Chang 'an, and Xiandi fled. Greenwood peasant uprising ended with the collapse of the regime of starting a new stove.

Red eyebrow peasant uprising

The Greenwood Uprising is the second time in Chinese history that farmers have a sense of justice. /kloc-in 0/7, Wang Kuang, Wang Feng and Amber organized a hungry uprising in Dahongshan. Because Dahongshan was called Greenwood Mountain in the Western Han Dynasty, it was called Greenwood Hero. Rebels opposed Wang Mang's regime and established a new regime in AD 23. In the same year, the Mang army was defeated in Kunyang, and Chang 'an was captured, which overthrew the Mang regime and left a far-reaching impact on later generations.

Comments: Judging from the results of the Green Forest Red Eyebrow Uprising, there are only three general endings of the peasant uprising in China: one is to accept the favor of the ruling class and become an accomplice of the ruling class; Second, under the suppression of the ruling class, we persisted in the struggle to the end and finally failed; Third, it was used by the landlord class and became a tool for someone to change the dynasty.

Yellow turban insurrectionary peasant uprising

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Jiao led an organized and prepared national peasant uprising. Because the uprising army is marked by the yellow turban insurrectionary, it is called the yellow turban insurrectionary in history. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the social crisis became more and more serious, and the contradiction between farmers and powerful landlords and feudal countries intensified. The Yellow Scarf Uprising broke out on the basis of vigorous peasant struggle. Jin Dynasty-Du Tao Uprising

Jin Dynasty-Sun En Uprising

Jin Dynasty-Lu Xun Uprising Southern and Northern Dynasties-Zhao Guang Uprising

Southern and Northern Dynasties-Gaiwu Uprising

Southern and Northern Dynasties-Breaking Six Han Baling Uprising

Northern and Southern Dynasties —— Giving Righteousness without Breaking Big.

Southern and Northern Dynasties-Duroc Uprising

Northern and Southern Dynasties-Li Xiu Xianyu Uprising, Jung Uprising and Wang Bo Changbai Mountain Uprising (in today's Zhangqiu, Shandong). In order to call on the masses to join the rebel army, he wrote "The Dead Song of Undirected Liaodong Waves", encouraging the masses to refuse to take part in the attack on Koguryo and arousing their anti-Sui sentiment. Because Yang Di's attack on Koguryo brought the greatest disaster to the people.

Wagang peasant uprising

From the sixth year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (6 10), Zhai Rang gathered in Wagangzhai (now south of hua county, Henan Province) to raise the banner against Sui Dynasty, and in the first year of Wude (6 18), Smith led his troops to the Tang Dynasty, and a peasant armed force was active in the Central Plains, which was the Wagang Rebel Army led by Zhai Rang and Smith.

Sun Anzu Gao Jibo Uprising

Zhang Jin called for an uprising.

Gao Shida Uprising

Liu exorbitant uprising

Meng Haigong Uprising

Mengrang uprising

Guo qiyi

Hao Xiaode is in the uprising.

Liu Yuanjin Uprising

Zhu Xie uprising

Peng uprising

An uprising against hamming

Du and Fu Gongyou Uprising

Miao Chao Hai Uprising.

Dou Jiande Uprising

Wei Wentong Uprising

Wang Wanchang Uprising

Wagang peasant uprising

Wang boqiyi

Dou Jiande Uprising

Zhang Jin called for an uprising.

Liu Yuanjin Uprising

Du uprising

Meng Haigong Uprising

Han Guo Xiang Uprising

Peng uprising

Song Zixian Uprising

Du uprising

Li Deyi Uprising

Han Luojin and Zhenguan Car Uprising

Bai Yu Di Uprising Guo Uprising

Hao Xiaode Uprising Ge Qian Uprising Chen Fill, Liang and Li Saner Uprising Zhu Xie Uprising Guan Chong Uprising to Haiming Tangbi Uprising, Zong Uprising Liu Jialun Uprising, Garrison Uprising Yang Gongqing Uprising Sima Changan Uprising Liu Deren Uprising Zuo Xiaoyou Uprising Lu Yueming Uprising Yan Xuanzheng Uprising Wang Xuba, Wei Uprising Zhang Uprising Li Zitong Uprising Wei Qiqi Uprising Jing Pantuo, Chai Uprising Zhu Can Uprising Zhai Uprising Lu Gongxian Uprising Zhao Uprising Cao Shiqi.

Xiyuan People's Uprising in the Middle Tang Dynasty

Yuan Chao Uprising

Fang Qing and Chen Zhuang Uprising

Qiu Fu Uprising

Wang Xianzhi Uprising

Peasant Uprising in Huang Chao

Wang Xiaobo's Potential Uprising and Li Shun Uprising

From the first year of Xuanhe (1 1 19) to the third year of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Jiang gathered in Liangshan Park (also known as Liangshan Dragon, now between Liangshan and Yuncheng in Shandong Province) to rebel against the government's repression.

During the reign of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty, officials forced the people to revolt, and not only Fang La and Song Jiang rose up. History says: "Heshuo and Shandong thieves started, the big ones attacked the city, the small ones extended the valley, the many counted, and the few gathered." Between Weber, there are people like Yang Tianwang, and the green Xu Yi is as dense as Gaotuo Mountain, and the list is endless. "

Fang La Uprising

The Eight-character Army's Anti-Jin Uprising

The Red Scarf Army's Anti-Jin Uprising

Shaoxing anti-Jin uprising

Zhong Xiang and Yang Yao Uprising

Micro-life anti-gold uprising

Red coat towel against the gold uprising

Fan uprising

Li Jin uprising

Jiangxi jianchang tenant peasant uprising

Li Jie uprising

Lai uprising

Chen Dong Uprising

Jiang Da Lao Uprising

Zhang fu uprising

Yan Meng Biao uprising

Chen San gun uprising

Popular uprisings were extremely frequent in the Song Dynasty, and there were 203 popular uprisings in the Northern Song Dynasty 160 years alone. Such frequent popular uprisings in the Song Dynasty are rare in other dynasties. Tang Saier Uprising

People's Uprising of All Ethnic Groups in Guizhou and Huguang

Liu Qi Uprising in Liu Liu

The "Anti-Qing Restoration Movement" of the Peasant Uprising "Heaven and Earth Society" in the Late Ming Dynasty

Guzhou Miao uprising

An Baili Uprising

Tenrikyo riots

Uprising in (1852- 1868)

Wang Lun Uprising

Taiping rebellion

Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (185 1 year-1864) was a peasant regime established by the peasant uprising in the late Qing Dynasty. Jintian uprising, which started with the symbol 185 1 year, and ended with the symbol 1864, which lasted 13 years. This uprising created many precedents, such as the first peasant uprising in China was suppressed by Chinese and foreign forces, and the uprising was initiated by western religions. * * * is Hong Xiuquan, with the title of "King of Heaven" and Tianjing (now Nanjing) as its capital.