Composition of Meizhou's Spring Festival Customs: There is one of the most important festivals in our country in a year, which is the ancient "Spring Festival".
Hakka people in Meizhou regard the Chinese New Year as the most solemn and joyful festival in a year. People began to prepare for the Spring Festival very early.
In September and October, sweet potato slices and rice cake slices will be dried for Chinese New Year frying and frying. As soon as the "Winter Solstice" arrives, start steaming wine.
On the thirtieth day of the New Year, every household will steam sugar cakes, make rice fruits, kill pigs, make tofu, slaughter chickens, etc. to welcome the New Year with joy. We call this custom "offering sacrifices to the kitchen stove". Every time we offer sacrifices to the kitchen stove on December 23rd, we should brush the kitchen stove clean after the evening of the 23rd, take down the old kitchen stove and burn it. On the morning of the 3th, we should put up a new picture, and set up wine, meat, candy, sugar cane, rice fruit, etc., and burn incense, light candles and put paper cannons in front of the kitchen stove.
At the same time, there is another custom following "offering sacrifices to stoves", that is, "entering the New Year's Day". Every time on the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, people who go out should hurry home for the New Year. After entering the year limit, children should be taught not to scold each other and not to say unlucky things.
Before and after entering the New Year's Eve, you should choose an auspicious day to sweep the dust and clean the house. It is necessary to clean the kitchen table and bench, wash the bedding and mosquito nets, and celebrate the New Year cleanly.
"New Year's Eve" is a custom that people are familiar with. New Year's Eve, that is, New Year's Eve, is the most warm and joyful day for the Chinese New Year. On this morning, every family should worship bodhisattva and god.
On New Year's Eve, portraits of ancestors should be hung in all halls, bright red Spring Festival couplets should be posted at the gate, and red paper strips should be posted on barn doors, in front of livestock stalls, on furniture beds and beside water tanks, which are called "sealing the New Year" or "putting on red". From the beginning of the Chinese New Year to the 15th day of the first month, recreational activities are constantly going on in various places, with Youlong lanterns and lion dances as the majority, and some activities begin on the first and second days of the first month.
Before the Dragon Lantern and the Lion Team arrive, they will be posted in advance, and then they will be given red envelopes and snacks. The customs of the New Year are to make the taste of the year more intense. Customs are an indispensable part of the New Year and the most meaningful part of the year. 2. Meizhou Hakka Spring Festival custom 6-word composition
On December 25th, it is called "New Year's Eve". In the first two days of "New Year's Eve", every family should worship the Kitchen God, that is, send the Kitchen God to heaven to report to the Jade Emperor. Of course, there is no kitchen god in ordinary families now, but there is also a kitchen god on the kitchen stove of rural people. It is said that the Kitchen God is the supervisor sent by the Jade Emperor to monitor the good and evil on earth, so everyone has great respect for the Kitchen God. Sending the kitchen god is generally presided over by housewives, and the sacrifices to worship the kitchen god must be made with things like whole grains and candy; Cereal grains imply that after the kitchen god goes to heaven, he will talk more about the harvest of human grains. I remember when I was a child, my grandmother would twist incense while whispering: "A cup of green tea with three sticks of incense will send the kitchen gentleman to heaven;" The kitchen god says good things in heaven, and every day comes down to earth with good luck. " It is said that the day of sending the kitchen god is not the same for every family, and people of all colors are different. Generally speaking, the difference is: official three, civilian four and "tortoise" five or six, that is, the official family is twenty-three, and the people are twenty-four. As for the dirty people who are "tortoise", it is twenty-five or twenty-six. This is an ancient rule. We Hakkas are probably from the official family, and the stoves were delivered on the 23rd.
Since sending the Kitchen God to heaven, the old people have forbidden their families to swear casually and try not to say unlucky words. If you want to repair the house, you don't have to choose a date after entering the new year, you can start construction at any time. In general, every family does a general cleaning on the 25th and 26th, and steamed sweet buns and made cakes on the 27th and 8th. In addition to making it for the whole family to enjoy, women's homes will always bring some sweets and cakes as gifts when they transfer to their younger sisters' homes. It will also be used to entertain guests and express sweetness.
On New Year's Eve, every household will kill chickens and ducks, and each family will give three kinds of fruits, which will be used for ancestor worship. Besides, temples like Tudiebogong will go to worship. In the morning, Spring Festival couplets are posted, and the most solemn thing is to worship Zugong on the afternoon of New Year's Eve. Men, women and children are concentrated in the houses and in front of Zugong's shrine to twist incense and worship. At this time, it can be said that firecrackers are everywhere. After honoring my grandfather on New Year's Eve, the whole family will celebrate the reunion dinner. After dinner, all the family members can get a red envelope from their parents, which is also called "year's money".
Since ancient times, Hakkas have had the ethos of "thrifty housekeeping" and the compassionate concept of forbidding killing, so they don't eat wine and meat for the first meal on the first day of the new year, that is, they eat vegetarian food. After breakfast, it is customary for the elderly to burn incense in the temple, so the incense in the temple is flourishing, and everyone prays for the gods to bless the peace and happiness in the new year.
I go back to my parents' house on the second day of the lunar new year. I've been with my relatives since the third grade. I like eating seven kinds of dishes on the seventh day of the seventh year, hehe ~ ~ But Hakka people usually go out on the fifth day of the fifth year, and the new year will be over ... Lantern Festival should not be regarded as Chinese New Year, when there will be lion dances and dumplings. 3. Meizhou Spring Festival custom composition
Meizhou Spring Festival custom composition:
There is one of the most important festivals in our country, which is ancient. Hakka people in Meizhou regard Chinese New Year as the most grand and joyful festival in a year. People began to prepare for the Spring Festival very early. In September and October, sweet potato slices and rice cake slices will be dried for Chinese New Year frying and frying.
as soon as the "winter solstice" arrives, start steaming wine. Nearly 3 days ago, every household will steam sugar cakes, make rice fruits, kill pigs, make tofu, slaughter chickens, etc., and welcome the arrival of the New Year with joy.
We call this custom "offering sacrifices to stoves". Every time we offer sacrifices to stoves on December 23rd, we should clean the stoves after the 23rd night, take down the old stoves and burn them. On the 3th morning, we should put up new pictures, and put wine, meat, candy, sugar cane, rice fruit, etc. in front of the stoves, burn incense, light candles and put paper cannons.
At the same time, there is another custom following "offering sacrifices to stoves", that is, "entering the New Year's Day". Every time on the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, people who go out should hurry home for the New Year. After entering the year limit, children should be taught not to scold each other and not to say unlucky things. Before and after entering the new year, we should choose an auspicious day to sweep the dust and clean the house. It is necessary to clean the kitchen table and bench, wash the bedding and mosquito nets, and celebrate the New Year cleanly.
"New Year's Eve" is a custom that people are familiar with. New Year's Eve, that is, New Year's Eve, is the most warm and joyful day for the Chinese New Year. On this morning, every family should worship bodhisattva and god. On New Year's Eve, portraits of ancestors should be hung in each hall, and bright red Spring Festival couplets should be posted at the gate. Red paper strips should be posted on the barn door, in front of the livestock fence, on the furniture bed and beside the water tank, which is called "sealing the new year" or "going red".
From the beginning of the Chinese New Year to the 15th day of the first month, there are many recreational activities in various places, such as Youlong lanterns and lion dances, and some of them start from the first and second days of the first month. Before the Dragon Lantern and the Lions arrive, they will send
stickers in advance, and then they will be given red envelopes and snacks.
The customs of the New Year are to make the flavor of the year stronger. Customs are an indispensable part of the New Year and the most meaningful part of the year. 4. The composition about "Meizhou Folk Culture" is more than 6 words
In traditional Meizhou, the common people retain the worship of local water gods with the totem belief of the early people.
The local water gods worshipped mainly include "immortal grandmothers", Meixi Gongwang, Longwang, Shuikangbogong, etc. Temples or shrines are spread all over villages and villages in mountainous areas, and belief circles and sacrificial circles of different sizes are formed by village communities or clan settlements. [2] There have been monographs on Wang Chongxin, the Duke of Meixi [3] and [4], so I won't repeat them here.
Here are some local water gods, such as "immortal uncles and grandmothers". When I visited the folk customs in Meizhou in July and August, 1996, I found that there were believers of "immortal uncles and grandmothers" in communities on both sides of Meijiang River, such as Xinpu Town in Jiaoling County and Songkou Town in Meixian County.
First, I visited Xinpu Town. At that time, with the help of Mr. Lin Qingshui, I visited Lin's ancestral hall (located in Shangnan Village of this town). However, when I saw that the wall on the left side of the main gate of the temple was dedicated to the "gods of immortals and grandmothers", I immediately visited the leader of the Lin clan. Later, when I visited Songkou Town, Meixian County, I also found the same folk custom phenomenon in Chichang Hall, Huangjiadaiwu, Guanping Village.
Later, when I went back to school to talk about this matter with students, I heard from students in Xingning County, Pingyuan County and Wuhua County that their hometown also had similar folk beliefs. In other words, the belief of "immortal uncles and grandmothers" is quite common in Meizhou mountainous area.
Meizhou used to call people engaged in shipping industry "boatmen". The industry god worshipped by boatmen is "immortal uncle and aunt".
The shrines of "immortal uncles and grandmothers" are mostly built at the mouth of the river or on the shore. Every year on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, all the boatmen who travel in the same river collectively offer sacrifices to "immortal uncles and grandmothers". In addition, boatmen often invite "immortal uncles and grandmothers" to worship on board, and their deities are located on the awning wall of the boathouse, which is commonly called "Bow Uncle", and they burn incense and worship on the day of sailing and arrival, and on the first and fifteenth day of the lunar month.
Xinpu Town is located in the middle reaches of the Grottoes River, where there are more than 2 local businessmen named Chen, Lin, Zeng and Deng, as well as merchants and boatmen from Chaoshan counties. In the old days, there were rice merchants' associations, chambers of commerce, seamen's associations, etc. in the town. Although there was no unified organization in all trades, there were unified sacrificial activities, that is, worshipping "immortal uncles and grandmothers".
The place where "the immortal's uncle and aunt" is worshipped is "Guo Xian Palace". Although the building scale of the palace is small, there is no statue in the shrine in the main hall, only a wooden tablet with the words "the position of the magical immortal".
Two stone pillars are erected outside the palace gate, and a long flagpole is erected between them. Legend has it that "Guoxian Palace" is the center of geomantic culture in Xinpu Town, because Xinpu Market is built along the mountain and river, and it is long like a raft. It is said that it is tied by this flagpole that will not be washed away by the flood, and it is the "immortal uncle and aunt" who holds the flagpole steady.
In other words, in the eyes of the common people, it is the "immortal uncles and grandmothers" who protect the safety and prosperity of the new shop market. Merchants and boatmen must go to Guo Xian Palace to burn incense on the first and fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
ordinary believers mainly take part in "starting happiness" after the first half of the first month and "finishing happiness" in December every year, commonly known as "doing good deeds" in the palace. When doing good deeds, the people in the four townships also go to join in the fun, and invite monks or nuns to chant Buddhist scriptures to entertain, open tables and set stools, and have lunch.
according to the analysis of the author's comprehensive investigation data, the prototype of the local water god "immortal uncle and aunt" is a snake. The belief in "immortal uncles and grandmothers" is a relic of the primitive belief in totem dragon and Qinglong in the south.
It is said that there lived a family named Zeng near Guoxian Palace, whose ancestors were two brothers, and their profession was boating. Once when a boat was sailing to Chaozhou, the younger brother suddenly went insane and didn't want to eat. He kept saying "Brother's great-aunt" and "Brother's great-aunt".
At that time, a snake appeared on the boat. When my brother saw it, he panicked and said to the snake, "You are a god, so come to my cabin. If it is a snake, I will kill it with a stick." Just then, the snake got into the cabin.
When the ship was supported back to the dock of Xinpu Town, the snake whirled ashore from the cabin and climbed up the mountain along the springboard, then climbed to the place where it later became Guo Xian Palace and stopped, and was coiled under a rock. The elder brother feeds the snake with eggs every day, and the snake goes there to enjoy delicious food every day.
The two brothers were convinced that the snake was a god, so they set up a small tablet beside it and lit incense sticks. Believers of the local water god "immortal uncle and aunt" were fishermen's boatmen at first, whose main function was to protect fishermen and the safety of shipping; Later, believers gradually expanded to nearby villagers and increased the function of the god of wealth.
It is said that there is Chen Mou in Tangfuling Village, Xinpu Town, who is doing business in the market town. His business is light, so he went there to burn incense and made a wish: "If you make money, I will make you an altar." As expected, Chen Mou's business is getting better and better, and he is willing to build an altar.
Then Chen Mou made a wish, "If you bless me to build a big warehouse, I will build a palace for you." Later, Chen Mou dug into a big coal seam and made a fortune, ready to build a shrine.
Chen Mou's grandmother Guo is a child prodigy. Guo designated the location and direction of the palace for Chen.
When the local officials learned about this, they rode to stop it. Unexpectedly, on the way, the horse slipped, broke his leg, and fell half to death. He thought that there were gods in the air and could not stop it. He agreed to build the palace and wrote "Guarding the Dongjiang spirit requires magical immortals". Later, the god card would write "The magical position of magical immortals". Later, the belief circle of "immortal uncles and grandmothers" was further expanded and became a community god. Not only shipmen, merchants and people from Xinpu Town came to Guoxian Palace to make incense, but also in some villages and even ancestral halls of some clans. For example, on the left wall of the gate of the ancestral hall of Lin clan in Nanshan Village of this town, there was a wooden shrine with a tablet "The Divine Position of Famiao Immortal".
It is said that Hou Mou, a businessman in Xinpu Town in the old days, burned down the store many times. Every time, Hou Mou, the owner of the store, went to Guoxian Palace to invite the "immortal uncle and aunt" to hold it to the Bazi Pier to pray for fire fighting and disaster relief. In addition, the children of the common people have illnesses, and parents often go to pray for the elimination of disasters and diseases.
Every boatman also has a shrine on the ship. Shipmen burn incense first when they set sail, and when they encounter heavy wind and rain on the way, they pray for peace in a pious place. "Uncle Xianren" has a special anniversary, that is, the God's birthday on the 13th day of the seventh lunar month. On this day, in addition to holding a worship ceremony, the common people have two main activities: one is to carry "Xianren" on patrol, with high lights in the procession (two people holding two big lanterns), carrying colorful lanterns (two people holding a long red cloth in front and back), big gongs and drums, eight tones and a sedan chair, followed by the host.
The patrol team goes out of the palace along the river lip street, then turns to Jizihang, Chaihang Street, Mihang Street and Chaoshang Guild Hall, and then returns to the palace through the police station gate, the new food market and the town suburb. The patrol route has been organized.
Japanese people participate in this activity, and there are also businessmen from other places in Xinpu Town. For example, Chaozhou businessmen have set up a "Chaozhou Guild Hall" in this town, and the Guild Hall actively participates in the activities of offering sacrifices to "immortals' uncles and grandmothers" every year, whenever the sedan chair is on tour. 5. Composition on Traditional Festivals
Traditional Festivals
Tonight's moon is particularly round, and today's moon cakes are particularly sweet. Because today is one of the oldest traditional festivals in China-Mid-Autumn Festival.
I sat on the balcony, savoring this delicious moon cake with my family, and watched the dark night weave into the sky, and a looming moon climbed into the starry sky. Grandma told me that when I look at the moon and eat moon cakes, my eyes will become brighter. I looked at the moon and thought of the story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon. I picked up a piece of moon cake stuffed with sweet-scented osmanthus, and nibbled at it, as if there were osmanthus trees in front of my eyes. Even the patterns on the moon seemed to me to be Wu Gang cutting osmanthus and jade rabbits ...
In this Mid-Autumn Festival, our family of three got together, which was enough. I looked at the amiable faces of my parents, and I remembered many families that could not be reunited. The feeling of happiness suddenly came to my mind. Moon cakes symbolize reunion, so I hope my family will always be round and round!
The milky moonlight poured down a thousand miles, taking my thoughts outside. I can't help thinking of my friends in the distance, and I wonder if they are also bathing in this moonlight. Looking back on our friendship, I smiled at the corners of my mouth, and a "Happy Mid-Autumn Festival" was enough to express everything I wanted to say.
The serene moon is still smiling, sending blessings to thousands of families. "I hope people will live for a long time, and thousands of miles will be beautiful!" 6. Ask for a composition describing traditional festivals