The original text of "The Story of Yueyang Tower":
In the spring of the fourth year of Qingli, Teng Zijing was relegated to guard Baling County. In the next year, the government will be harmonious and people will be harmonious, and everything will be prosperous. Then the Yueyang Tower was rebuilt, its old structure was added, and poems by Tang Xian and modern people were engraved on it. It belongs to me to write down to record it.
I watched my husband Baling Shengzhi at a lake in Dongting. It carries distant mountains and swallows up the Yangtze River, which is a vast and boundless river. The sun shines brightly in the evening, and the scenery is endless. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower, which has been described by predecessors. However, it is connected to Wu Gorge in the north and Xiaoxiang in the South Pole. Migrant poets and poets often meet here, and the feeling of looking at the things is the same?
If the rain is falling, the moon is not open, the wind is howling, and the turbid waves are emptying; the sun and stars are dimming, and the mountains are hidden; the business trip is not going, and the rafts are falling; in the dusk, the tigers are roaring and the apes are crying. . When climbing the tower, there are those who are nostalgic for their country, worried about slander and fear of ridicule, their eyes are full of desolation, and they feel extremely sad.
As if spring and the scenery are bright, the waves are calm, the sky above and below is a vast expanse of blue; sand gulls gather in the sky, and the golden scales swim; the shore is covered with orchids, lush and green. Or when the long smoke disappears, the bright moon shines thousands of miles away, the floating light leaps into the gold, the silent shadow sinks into the jade, and the fishermen answer each other's songs, how wonderful is this joy! When you climb the tower, you will feel relaxed and happy, forgetting your favors and disgrace together, drinking wine in the wind, and you will be overjoyed.
Sigh! Why should I try to seek the benevolent heart of the ancients or do something different from the two? Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself; if you live high in a temple, you worry about its people; if you live far away in the rivers and lakes, you worry about your king. It means that you are worried when you advance, and you are also worried when you retreat. But when will you be happy? It must be said, "Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness." Alas! People from Weisi, who can I return to?
It was September 15th, six years ago.
Translation of "The Story of Yueyang Tower":
Extended information:
"The Story of Yueyang Tower"
Author: Fan Zhongyan
Source of the work: "Fan Wenzhenggong Collection"
Creation year: Northern Song Dynasty
Fan Zhongyan:
Fan Zhongyan (August 29, 989 - May 1052) 20th), courtesy name Xiwen, Han nationality, a famous thinker, politician, military strategist and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. ?
Fan Zhongyan was a famous politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Not only was he an honest official, he was also extremely strict in educating his children. Fan Zhongyan served as a high official throughout his life, but the Fan family has always been poor and frugal, with a simple family style.
After Fan Zhongyan entered politics, he proposed and implemented many innovative measures to rejuvenate the country and benefit the people, in order to display his ambition of "worrying about the world's worries first, and enjoying the world's happiness later". Later generations once used the words and phrases Fan Zhongyan wrote for the sages to praise him: "The clouds and mountains are green, the rivers are long, and the wind of the teacher is high."
Appreciation:
"Yueyang Tower" The full text of "Notes" has three hundred and sixty-eight words and six paragraphs.
The article gets right to the point at the beginning, describing the origin and origin of the matter. The writing begins with "spring of the fourth year of Qingli" to indicate the time, and the style is solemn and upright; calling Teng Zijing "relegated to Shou" already implies the sadness of the ups and downs of his official career, setting up a lyrical ambush for the following text. In the following, only eight words are used to describe Teng Zijing's political achievements, including the reconstruction of Yueyang Tower and the writing of notes, which serve as the guide for the entire text.
In the second paragraph, the style is uplifted and the words are passionate. First of all, he said, "The beauty of Baling is located in Dongting Lake" and set the scope of the description below. The following few words "carrying distant mountains and swallowing the Yangtze River" describe the grand view of Dongting Lake. One "title" and one "swallow", there is momentum. "The vastness of the water stretches across the boundless horizon", which expresses the majestic waves of the water; "The morning light and evening clouds create myriads of weather conditions", which briefly describes the changes in cloudiness and sunshine, which is concise and vivid.
The first four sentences describe the spectacular scene of Dongting Lake from the perspective of space and the last two sentences from the perspective of time. The sentence "Predecessors have prepared their accounts" connects the past and the future, and responds to the previous sentence "Poems of Tang Xian and modern people". This sentence is not only modest, but also implies a turning point. The change of "ran" leads to a new artistic conception, from simply describing the scenery to using the blending of scenes to describe the "emotion of viewing things" of the "immigrant scholar", thus constructing a The main body of the full text.
The third and fourth paragraphs are two parallel paragraphs, running in parallel, one sad and one happy, one dark and one bright, like two different streams of emotions, conveying the mutual interaction between scene and emotion. A completely opposite life situation.
The third paragraph describes those who feel sad after seeing things. Starting with "Ruofu" has a profound meaning. This is a word that arouses discussion and also expresses the sentiment of virtuality. This virtuality is the condensation, refinement and sublimation of countless realities, which is quite typical. The following "Ruofu" describes a sad situation, from the bad weather to the sadness of people's hearts. Four-character short sentences are used here, layer by layer, and gradually elaborated.
The fourth paragraph describes those who are happy after seeing things. Led by "Zhi Ruo", a sunny picture opens. Although "Zhiruo" is also an enumeration tone, its syllables have become high-pitched and loud, and its style has become bright and powerful. Although the following description is still a short four-character sentence, the tone has changed, depicting a beautiful scene of a gentle spring breeze, bright scenery, and clear water and sky. There are also gulls flying freely, fish swimming happily, and even the ignorant aquatic plants and orchids are full of vitality.
The author uses extremely concise pen and ink to describe a picture of lake light and spring scenery, which is like reading it before your eyes. It is worth noting that the sentence structure and rhythm of this paragraph are generally similar to the previous paragraph, but there are also variations. The sentence "And or" further expands the artistic conception, enhances the meaning of superimposed chants, and pushes the "joyful" atmosphere to a climax, and the mood of "climbing the tower" has also become the detachment and harmony of "loving, humiliating, and forgetting together." "Bring wine to the wind" with ease.
The fifth paragraph is the focus of the whole article. It starts with "域夫" and has both lyrical and argumentative meanings. After the author enumerated the two situations of sadness and happiness, his writing style suddenly became exciting, expressing a higher ideal state beyond the two, which is "not to be happy with things, not to be sad with oneself". Although it is human nature to be moved by feeling things and feel sad and happy because of things, it is not the highest state of being a human being.
The benevolent people in ancient times had a firm will and were not shaken by changes in external conditions. Whether "living high in the temple" or "far away from the rivers and lakes", the concern for the country and the people remains unchanged. "As we advance, we also worry, as we retreat." This seems counterintuitive and somewhat unbelievable. The author also formulated a question and answer on this, relying on the ancient sage's words, and made an oath to "worry before the world's worries, and rejoice after the world's happiness". The song ends with a graceful performance, which highlights the main theme of the whole article. "Hey! Who can I return to, Weisi people?" The conclusion is "like resentment, like admiration, like crying, like complaining." It is sad and generous, and deeply affectionate, which makes people sigh. The writing time is indicated at the end of the article, which corresponds to the beginning of the article.
This article expresses the author's strong will to not give up his ideals despite being persecuted and worried about national affairs. At the same time, it is also an encouragement and comfort to his demoted comrades. "The Story of Yueyang Tower" is famous because of its lofty ideological realm. Another writer at the same time, Ouyang Xiu, said in an inscription written for him that he had been determined to be in the world since he was a child, and often recited to himself: "A scholar should worry about the world's worries first, and rejoice after the world's happiness." It can be seen that. What is said at the end of "Yueyang Tower" is "worry about the world's worries first, and rejoice after the world's happiness", which is the code of conduct of Fan Zhongyan throughout his life. Mencius said: "If you are powerful, you can benefit the world; if you are poor, you can only benefit yourself." This has become the creed of many scholar-officials in the feudal era.
When Fan Zhongyan wrote this article, he was demoted from the official position and was "far away from the world." He could have adopted a self-isolated attitude and ended up in leisure and happiness. However, he proposed the principle that upright scholar-bureaucrats should stand up for themselves and act in a consistent manner. Personal honor, disgrace, and promotion should be ignored. "Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself." You should "worry about the worries of the world first, and be happy after the happiness of the world." It is commendable to encourage yourself and your friends. The spirit embodied in these two sentences, the quality of enduring hardship first and enjoying pleasure last, undoubtedly still has educational significance.
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