The structure of ancient houses in China is different from that of present houses. In modern times, there are several rooms and halls. In ancient times, the courtyard of a mansion was deep, with seven entrances and seven exits, five entrances and five exits, represented by three entrances and three exits.
the basic elements of "three entrances and three exits" are: house door, screen wall, upside-down room, flower hanging door, hand-written veranda, east wing room, west wing room, courtyard, wing room, main room and back cover room.
Three entrances and three exits can be divided into two architectural forms: one is a house door composed of houses; The other is a wall door built where the courtyard wall is disturbed. The gatehouses mainly include Liangguang Gate, Zhu Jin Gate, Man Zi Gate and Ruyi Gate.
the shadow wall, also known as the screen wall, small wall or gu, is a single building built in front of or in the door, which echoes the position of the door. Screen wall can be divided into one-character screen wall, eight-character screen wall and mountain screen wall according to plane modeling.
The construction of the screen wall is recorded in the Book of Rites: "The emperor has an outer screen, the vassal has an inner screen, the doctor has a door curtain, and the scholar has a door curtain", which means that the emperor can build a screen wall outside the door, the vassal can build a screen wall inside the door, the doctor can cover it with a door curtain, and the scholar can only cover it with a cloth curtain. This shows that the level of identity has different requirements for the location of the screen wall and the materials used.
The inverted house is the house outside the courtyard opposite the main house, which should be occupied by servants.
the hanging flower gate is the dividing line and the only passage between the inner house and the outer house (front yard). The front yard and the inner yard are separated by hanging doors and courtyard walls. In the front yard, outsiders can lead to the reception room of the south room, while in the inner yard, the family lives and lives. Outsiders are generally not allowed to go in and out casually. This rule must even be enforced by their own footmen.
when the ancient giants were rich, they were generally respected and respected. When they were old, they were pampered and lived in the north, and the places where they received visitors were in the main rooms, that is, the main rooms. In general, the main room is from north to south, but it is also located in the north of the overall layout center of the courtyard.
Only one of the three northern houses is open to the public, which is called the principal house. Both sides only face the main room, forming a suite, which is a bright and dark pattern. Hall is the place where family members live, entertain relatives or worship ancestors during festivals, and there are many bedrooms on both sides. A group of main houses in the north here, usually with the same roof and beams.
the east-west wing can be opened singly or connected with the main wing, and is generally used as a bedroom or study. The wing room is usually close to the main room, on both sides of the main room, with the back wall in the north flush with the main room and the distance in the south far away. There is usually a door here, but it faces east and west. From top to bottom, you can see that the main room and the wing are rectangular, and there is usually a corridor in front of the main room.
In ancient times, NuanGe refers to a small room separated from and connected with a large room, which can be heated by a stove.
The east and west wing houses the younger generation. The wing houses are also bright and dark, with a living room in the middle and bedrooms on both sides. Generally, the west side of the yard is the building, and the east side is the kitchen, woodshed and warehouse.
the south side opposite the main house is where the gate is located. Ordinary people generally have only one gate, and a slightly spacious room is directly built into a small room slightly lower than the main room. There are two wings on both sides of the entrance door, both of which face north, and it is also possible to open one in the aisle. Or store sundries, or leave them for butlers and officials to eat and drink.
What's more, it is particularly pointed out that the back houses generally owned by the rich often have a back military room or a back Gai Lou, which is mainly for unmarried women or maids. This is usually at the back of the main house. You can often see the "love back garden" to know that the women's boudoir is generally in the back branch.
Three entrances and three exits are independent courtyards consisting of main rooms (usually north rooms), east and west rooms and south rooms. Sometimes there are east and west wing rooms next to the main house, and there are hand-written verandahs connecting the houses around to avoid the wind and rain.
the hand-written veranda is arranged along the outer edge of the courtyard. They are shaped like the rings formed by people's arms and hands when they are copied by hand, so they are called handwritten verandahs. Handwriting Gallery is an open attached building, a big house, where people can walk, rest and enjoy the scenery.
Bao Xia: Around the side room behind the main room, Dream of Red Mansions III: From the back porch to the west, out of the corner gate, it is a north-south road, and there are three small treasure halls in the south.
There is a direct tunnel between Nuange and the big house, but Baoxia is independent and not directly connected with the big house. /feed/574e9258d19b3dec18c3bd768bc28781a4ceb.jpeg? token=1427b83a776e9a5d31256a66ca97915