How did Li die?

From 65438 to 0984, Tongxun launched an investigation into Li's death. She found that according to the existing historical records, Li died of illness, but this undoubtedly contradicted the scene of Li in the coffin. By chance, Tong Xun found a doubt in the historical materials, and then she found some suspicious places one after another. Finally, Tong Xun made an inference that caused social uproar. Lee was killed. The proposal of this view immediately caused an uproar, and the discussion was endless. The cause of Li's death was unknown. 1One day in July, 984, a middle-aged woman came to China No.1 Historical Archives to borrow files. This lady is Tong Xun and is preparing her graduation thesis. The chosen figure is Li, the eunuch of the Qing Dynasty. There are almost identical records about Li's life after he left the palace. In other words, Li died of illness without any accident. But the question is, if Li Zhen dies, how can he explain the reality of being beheaded in his own tomb? One day, when Tong Xun reread Li's epitaph, he found an ambiguous statement: his epitaph used the word meteorite, meaning dead, but not sick. In addition, Tong Xun also found that although all relevant historical materials mentioned Li's death, there was no mention of his cause of death. 1985, Tong Xun published an article "The Mystery of Li Zhi's Death". This paper not only reveals the whole process of 1966' s excavation of Li's tomb and the truth of Li's beheading for the first time, but also puts forward the view that Li died unexpectedly. But in academia, there are different voices. Tang Yinian is a researcher in the First Historical Archives of China. Over the years, he searched almost all the eunuch files in the Qing Dynasty. He didn't give a positive or negative judgment on whether Li died unexpectedly, but he thought there were many problems in various opinions circulated among the people. In the eyes of the Tang Dynasty, Li, who was alert and smooth, could not be killed by the enemies in the palace. Tang Yi thought that at the beginning of the founding of the Qing Dynasty, the emperor shunzhi set up an iron sign, stipulating that eunuchs should not interfere in state affairs, so Li could not participate in the partisan struggle in the imperial court. In this case, he can't offend the revolutionaries. His death has no influence on political affairs, so there is no point in killing him. At the same time, Tang Yinian also thought that the story of Li being killed by bandits on the road to debt collection was even more fabricated. No matter Li's wealth or his age after leaving the palace, it is impossible for him to go out to collect debts in person. The researcher said that Li was killed in Houhai. In the coffin tomb, only the head of Li was 7 years old, and Li was sent to clean it. The argument was fruitless, but new voices emerged. 1990, Zongheng magazine published an article entitled "The Mystery of Li's decapitation". This article is from Yan Yimin, a late researcher at Beijing Institute of Literature and History. In his article, he not only affirmed Li's murder, but also described the details of Li's murder in detail: Li has been living in his own house in Huamian Hutong, Huguo Temple since he left the palace, living an isolated life. One day, I suddenly received an invitation from Li. The poster is Jiang Chaozong, the most powerful figure in the late Qing Dynasty, the red man of Yuan Shikai, and the Nine Magistrates. The invitation said that Li would be invited to dinner at Huixian Hall in Shichahai. Faced with this unusual invitation from Li, I hesitated. After weighing for a long time, Li finally decided to go to dinner on time. However, he never imagined that he was ambushed on his way home. Later, his family found Li's head in Houhai, but his body was gone. In the article, the two people mentioned between the lines of the author can't escape, one is the inviter-Jiang Chaozong, and the other is the eunuch Xiao. Xiao was another famous eunuch in the late Qing Dynasty. Being favored by Yulong, he became the second-class eunuch manager. Yan Yimin emphasized many times in his article that smallness is Li's mortal enemy. After the article was published, the saying that Li died in Houhai became popular. But a bigger debate has also emerged. Some experts think that the details of the story are illogical, because according to the ancient saying, assassinations always take their heads off, and don't leave their heads on, and the Tang Dynasty ruled out Jiang Chaozong's suspicion on the basis of historical materials again and again. "Jiang Chaozong was the company commander of Hanzhong Town, Shaanxi Province in the second year of Xuantong (19 10). It was not until the second year of the Republic of China (19 12) that he returned to Beijing from Shaanxi and served as the Beijing garrison commander of Beiyang government. Li died in three years (19 12). " At the same time, Tang Yinian also told the article that he was Li's sworn enemy, and he disagreed. "Xiao is much younger than Li. It was after Li left the palace that she became the empress dowager. Moreover, Zhang Xiaode has never traveled with Empress Dowager Cixi from entering the palace to leaving the palace, so there is no conflict of interest between them. " Li argued that the mystery of his death remained unsolved. Wang Daocheng, a researcher at the Institute of Qing History of Renmin University, also disagreed with Yan Yimin. According to the records, Jiang Chaozong was not in Beijing at that time, so the statement that Li was killed after having dinner with Jiang Chaozong has obvious doubts. However, Yan Yimin provided unquestionable proof for his statement: he heard all this from Jiang Baocang, the son of Jiang Chaozong. Yan Yimin, whose real name is Ye Heyan Za, said in his article that his family was once a big family in the Qing Dynasty, his uncle Yu Xian was once the governor of Shandong, and his father Yu Tai was once the confidential secretary of Jiang Chaozong. Yan Yimin said that it was the origins of these two families that made him friends with Jiang Baocang, the son of Jiang Chaozong. Jiang Baocang has no scruples about Li's murder. He not only told Yan Yimin about Houhai, but even revealed the secret: "After Li was killed, Li's younger brother ran to the report early the next morning and said that Jiang Chaozong was still pretending to be calm." Yan Yimin believes that Jiang Chaozong's attitude of knowing perfectly well past asking fully shows that he is related to Li's murder in Houhai. However, this evidence has also been questioned. In order to show that Dezhang and Li had a long-standing feud, Yan Yimin said in the article that Dezhang had asked the Empress Dowager to order an investigation into Li's property. However, Wang Daocheng believes that "Li has retired. Why did he put 3 million taels of silver in the palace after retirement? According to "Memories of the Old Eunuch", after the death of Empress Dowager Cixi, Li brought 802,000 gold bars collected in the palace to her residence, and there were more than 100 other relatives. He gave all his property to them according to the relationship between relatives and friends, so why did those eunuchs come to play his mind again? " This example may not be rigorous, so does it affect the authenticity of the whole article? Since his death in 2003, Mr. Yan Yimin has been unable to hear what he saw and heard with his own eyes. The authenticity of the thrilling scene that happened in Houhai 94 years ago can only be further verified. From the publication of 1985 "The Mystery of Li's Death", the debate about Li's death has been going on for 20 years. Many years later, the mystery of his death may be solved one day. The legend of Li's death is circulated among the people, and there are many stories about Li's death. Legend has it that he died at the hands of the revolutionary party. Because Li died in the Revolution of 1911. In addition, there are rumors that Li was killed by an enemy in the palace, and some people say that he was killed on the way to Shandong to collect debts. But Li's stepgranddaughter said that her grandfather died of dysentery and died suddenly after three or four days of illness. However, some experts doubt this explanation, because according to191March 4th, it is the early spring season, and dysentery in this season is puzzling. For these different versions of rumors, although no direct evidence of Li's murder was found, experts believe that vague records in historical materials, rumors circulating among the people, and even flaws in Li's descendants' speeches all hint at various oddities in Li's death.