Badaling Great Wall, located in Yanqing County, northwest of Beijing, is one of the most famous landscapes of Wan Li Great Wall. The name "Badaling" was first seen in Liu Ying's long poem "Night to Badaling, Climbing to the Top" and "Out of Badaling". The Yuan Dynasty was called "Beikou", which was opposite to Nankou. Since then, there has been a saying that "the ancients lived in seclusion, not in Guancheng, but in Badaling", describing this place standing at the highest point of the nnux express inquiry terminal in the north of Guangou, with two peaks in the middle, one in the middle, commanding, and the situation is extremely dangerous. However, there are different opinions about the origin of the place name "Badaling", and even as many as eight or nine "versions" have their own origins.
Homophonic theory of "eight ridges"
Badaling is a mountainous area with steep terrain. It is said that the Great Wall originally built here had to turn eight bends and climb eight mountains, so it was very difficult to build this section of the Great Wall that year. It is difficult to transport building materials to the mountains, and the construction period is delayed. Eight supervisors died in the process of building the Great Wall. Finally, under the guidance of the immortal, the building materials were transported to the mountain by eight methods: "Tiger carrying saddle with sheep, swallow carrying eyes and shoulders, turtle carrying stone rabbit leading the way, bridge meeting and ice stack". Therefore, people called this section of the Great Wall Badaling Great Wall, and later its name became Badaling.
"Badaling" homophonic theory
According to legend, an emperor named Badali came here in the Yuan Dynasty. I was so proud to see the steep and lush mountains that I named this place Badaling, which was later mistakenly called Badaling. This is not true. Looking up historical materials such as Records of Chinese Emperors, Chronicles of Chinese Emperors and Chronicles of Chinese Emperors, we can't find out that there was an emperor named Badali in the Yuan Dynasty. However, there was an emperor named Ji Wowen, who loved education and was able to exert all his strength. He is Injong, the fourth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, who reigned for 9 years. Its birthplace is in Yanqing County, where Badaling is located today, and its name does contain the word "Badaling". Maybe "Baddary" is a misinformation. Badaling may also be the only place that the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty passed from Dadu to Beijing every year, and the emperor named it Badaling on a whim.
Homophonic theory of "baziling"
Looking down from the air, the Badaling Great Wall is built on a figure-eight ridge, with the first to eighth floors on the left and the eighth to twelfth floors on the right. Therefore, the original land name was "Baziling" and the Great Wall built was called "Baziling Great Wall". Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty came here and stood on the Great Wall and looked around. He thought the Baziling Great Wall looked more vivid, but the name was too vulgar, so he changed it to Badaling Great Wall.
The homophonic theory of "Tatar"
The Ming Dynasty stationed a large number of troops in Badaling area to prevent the invasion of northern minorities. Some people think that Badaling is a homonym of "guarding Tatar" because the Han people in the Ming Dynasty called Northeast China Manchu, which seems unreasonable. Because most Manchu people live in most areas of Liaoning and Jilin today, it is still far away from here, not outside Juyongguan, but outside Shanhaiguan, and the closest one should be Mongolian. After the Ming Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing, the most worrying thing was the invasion of the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty, so many troops were deployed to guard the border in today's Badaling area.
Homophonic theory of "Bagualing"
According to legend, a wandering Taoist visited Badaling a long time ago. He stood on the mountain and looked around, but seeing the beautiful mountains and rivers and pleasant scenery here, he stayed, studied Zhouyi in a cave and visited eight nearby peaks. After climbing a mountain, you have to look around carefully and compare it with gossip. Finally, from the northeast to the southwest, the eight peaks are named Gangua Ling, Kungua Ling, Zhengua Ling, Xungua Ling, Kanggua Ling, Ligua Ling, Genggua Ling and Duigua Ling respectively. However, the names of these peaks are not easy to remember, so people commonly call these eight peaks "Bagua Ridge" and later homophonic "Badaling".
Homophonic theory of "Badaoling"
In the first month of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng commanded the main force to advance from Xi 'an to Andong and take Beijing directly. On March 15, the rebels arrived in today's Badaling area. It is said that by this time the army had fought, because the city was easy to defend but difficult to attack, and the rebels were kept out of the Great Wall. After several days of failure, Li Zicheng was worried. At this time, Malay newspaper reported that there were eight obstacles ahead. Li Zicheng sighed, "It's really difficult to cross eight hurdles here. It seems that the storm is impossible! " So he ordered the insurgents to change their route. Later it was called "Badaling", and after a long time, it was homophonic "Badaling".
Homophonic theory of "Badouling"
The Badaling Great Wall rises and falls continuously, connecting eight steep peaks, each of which is like a big grain hopper, with a steep slope and an irregular polygon, arranged from northeast to southwest. Therefore, the locals call these eight peaks "Badouling". The Great Wall here was built during the Hongzhi period. One day, the dutiful son Zhu Youtang "made a fortune" here, but when he learned that this place was called "Badouling", he felt disgraceful. Since ancient times, it has been the main road leading to Shanxi, Mongolia, Zhangjiakou and Northwest China, and the road is accessible, so it was renamed "Badouling" and homophonic "Badaling".
Homophonic theory of "Bajialing"
A long time ago, Bajialing was uninhabited until the Yuan Dynasty. Because at first only eight families lived in this area and lived by grazing, it was called Bajialing, and the mountain where people grazed was called Bajialing. Later, the village became bigger and bigger, with hundreds of families. It is inappropriate to call it eight, so the homonym becomes "eight villages" The nearby Bajialing is also homophonic with Badaling.
In fact, most of the above statements lack accurate written records, and some are too far-fetched. The most credible explanation for the name "Badaling" should be that given by Jiang Yikui, a scholar in Ming Dynasty, in Miscellanies of O Border Town in Chang 'an Hakka Dialect: "It starts from Juyongguan in the north and ends at Yanqing House and Town in the west, and the road forks from here, hence the name Badaling, which is the highest mountain in Guanshan." Because Badaling is the outer gate of Juyongguan, Yanqing, Chicheng and Mongolia go north from here, with Zhangjiakou, Huailai, Xuanhua and Datong in the west, Yongning and Hayes in the east and Changping and Beijing in the south. It can be said that "the road branches from here and extends in all directions", so it is an important traffic artery and defense outpost in ancient times and is known as "the first pass in northern Beijing".