1. When the baby 12 months old, when the item says "look" to the child, the baby can look at this thing; Do some simple actions, such as waving goodbye; Call mom and dad or at least make some other noises.
2. When the baby is one and a half years old, I want you to point out what he is interested in; At least 10 words can be used correctly.
3.24 months, can point out several body parts, objects and pictures; Imitate the behavior of others; If you say more than two words, your vocabulary will reach 50.
4.36 months old, like to play with other children; Say a sentence containing three words; You can play a role in the pretend game.
5.48 months, you can name your friends when you ask; Can answer the question (what? Who is it? Where is it? ); Can clearly say sentences containing 5-6 words.
If you find that your child has a similar situation, please inform the doctor immediately, and the sooner the better, see a more professional doctor to confirm the condition.
At present, there is no radical cure for autism. The common treatment methods are behavior analysis, floor time therapy and structured teaching method!
The most effective way is to strengthen training and exercise for specific behavior problems and help children develop communication and social skills! The sooner you train, the better!
Calling autism an angel baby requires parents to show tenacious perseverance. How to train children in the training class? Adults need to repeat the training effect at home. Parents will always insist that children will get better and better. Come on!
The world is so big, there are many different groups, one of which is a special group. We call them "children from the stars". They prefer to please themselves quietly and alone in their own way than in group activities. They don't know how to integrate well into the group. They are also called "autistic people".
Because many people don't understand this disease, they often treat these children differently. The more so, the greater the harm to these children, forming a vicious circle. I looked up some information on the internet. According to incomplete statistics, there are at least tens of millions of autistic children in China, among which the number of autistic children has exceeded 65.438+0.6 million, and it is on the rise year by year. Most cases of autism are special, and the patients are all sick.
Therefore, parents should pay more attention to their children's daily life, discover their abnormalities in time and treat them in time. It is also important to understand the symptoms of autistic children.
Social disorder Social disorder is the core defect of autistic children, and it is also the most difficult to find. Many parents think that children don't like to talk because they are introverted and naturally unsociable, and they don't realize that it may be autism. There are many different manifestations of social disorders in autistic children, so parents should observe them carefully.
When children can have emotional reactions slowly, they will not respond to others' teasing. For example, when they were 6 months old, they rarely showed happy and cheerful expressions. After 9 months, they sometimes cry or laugh for no reason. When a child is about one year old, he will face others, even his relatives will avoid looking at him and call his name, and he will not respond. He has little attachment to his caregivers, and even if his parents leave, he will not show anxiety such as crying. He lacks fear in the face of strangers and won't play with children of his own age. For autistic children, they prefer to entertain themselves and be alone.
All of the above are typical social barriers for autistic children. Maybe they are not obvious in early childhood, but when they enter kindergarten and have a collective life, by contrast, the children are obviously different. For example, they play during recess, are unwilling to participate in group activities, are unwilling to share toys or play games with others, and often ignore their teachers, who are talking beside them. They can pretend that the teacher doesn't exist. If teachers or classmates don't follow their wishes, they may scream and lose their temper.
Language barrier Language is an instinctive thing, so speaking is also an important basis for judging whether a child is autistic or not. It should be noted that children should not think that speaking late is a sign of autism, because children's language system develops slowly and will not be achieved overnight, because everyone's development speed is different, so parents need to carefully distinguish between language barriers caused by autism and "speaking late".
The action of speaking seems simple and natural, but it needs the cooperation of multiple organs to complete. If one of the organs is not fully developed, there may be dysphonia, but this phenomenon will generally improve with the complete development of the organs.
If it is found that when children reach the age of 2 or 3, in addition to pronunciation problems, there are also situations such as dodging eyes when getting along with others, unwilling or even resisting to communicate with people around them, and just saying simple words, parents should pay attention, because most of these children are autistic.
Another obvious defect of autistic children is that they often do the same thing over and over again, such as tearing paper. If disturbed, they will scream and go crazy. Once they resume their original behavior, they will stop screaming.
Autistic children are not only suffering themselves, but also a burden on their parents and the whole family. In the face of autistic children, how to prevent such children from being born?
Parents give birth at an advanced age, giving birth to premature or low birth weight infants, etc. These children are relatively high-risk families with autism, and the incidence of children will be higher than that of ordinary families. Another is that a child at home is already ill, and the chances of having another child will increase. In identical twins, one baby is sick, and generally speaking, the probability of the other baby being sick is also high.
The above-mentioned families and parents find that the child's behavior is strange, so it is recommended to conduct routine autism screening as soon as possible after the child is born 18~24 months, so as not to miss the best treatment time.
If you have been diagnosed with autism, your family should not be too sad. You should cheer up as soon as possible and take care of your children in your daily life;
Diet: Many autistic children have serious partial eclipse habits. Parents should try to balance their children's diet and don't force them to eat when they don't want to. They should pay more attention to their diet and let them get enough nutrition.
Life: Autistic children will have more bad habits than normal children. Parents should not rush to let their children correct, but should slowly guide their children to correct. This is a long process, and it is difficult for adults to get rid of a habit, let alone children. Before that, parents need to be psychologically prepared, help their children build up their self-confidence, play some games they are interested in with their children, and help their children get out of the starry sky built in their hearts with the guidance of psychologists.
Autism is the abbreviation of childhood autism, which belongs to mental illness and needs to be diagnosed by doctors in the psychology department of provincial hospitals.
If you are diagnosed in the hospital, you must follow the doctor's advice.
The manifestations of autism must conform to the symptoms of autism triad, including social disorder, speech communication disorder and stereotyped repetition of actions, and these three manifestations must coexist. At the same time, it must be within three years old.
Therefore, there are strict professional diagnostic criteria for autism, and self-assessment based on some manifestations is never recommended.
As for the methods of intervention and treatment, as far as I know, they are generally education, training and drug treatment.
The purpose of education and training is to teach patients useful social skills.
The purpose of drug therapy is to improve the symptoms of autism and improve the ability to adapt to the environment.
How do autistic children behave? How to intervene?
Speaking of the topic of "autism", I think of the "Lonely Cafe" which caused a heated discussion in Weibo and friends circle a few years ago.
Located in the center of Shanghai, this cafe exchanges free drinks in the form of chatting and stories. It became popular from the beginning, which triggered a hot discussion on the whole network.
Some people say that this is just a marketing gimmick.
After in-depth understanding, I found that the story behind it is so touching. It was then that I began to notice this group of autistic children who came from the stars.
According to incomplete statistics, there are currently 35 million patients in the world, and the number is still increasing. In the Report on the Development of Autistic Children in China released on 20/0/5, relevant data show that the number of autistic patients in China has exceeded100000. Among them, 2 million children aged 0- 14 suffer from autism, which means that 100 children suffer from autism.
Although the number of autistic patients is increasing day by day, most people don't know much about childhood autism. I even think that such children are simply unwilling to talk, or introverted, suffering from minor mental illness. But the actual situation is much more serious than we thought.
Autism and its cause autism are also called "autism" in medicine. The main manifestations are developmental disorders characterized by social barriers, verbal communication barriers, narrow interests and rigid repetitive actions.
So far, there is no definite statement about the etiology and pathogenesis of childhood autism. At present, there are three common reasons in the medical field.
1. The result of interaction between internal and external factors
They believe that due to innate biological factors, the psychological boundary of babies after birth is relatively fragile, sensitive and vulnerable, which is the qualitative factor leading to autism, that is, the internal cause. In addition, caregivers have long neglected the emotional needs of babies, failed to create a good growth environment for babies, and damaged the normal psychological growth of children to some extent, that is, external inducing factors. The two-pronged approach eventually contributed to the occurrence of autism.
2. Genetic factors
Researchers who hold this view believe that the occurrence of autism in children is mainly related to the physiological structure or nervous system of the brain, as well as genetic factors, organic factors and environmental factors.
3. There are absorption and excretion disorders.
This view comes from American scholars. Their latest research found that autistic children lack some metal elements, such as iron, zinc and copper. This is mainly because the baby's body has obstacles to the absorption and excretion of metal elements.
For a long time, iron, zinc and copper, which are essential for brain development, lead to the lack of related trace elements in the body. In addition, mercury excretion disorder leads to accumulation in the brain, which leads to autism under the action of two phases.
Therefore, at present, the medical community attributed it to abnormal behavior syndrome caused by extensive developmental disorder caused by various biological factors. Or genetic factors, or pregnancy, or other reasons lead to brain injury in infants, resulting in diseases.
What are the early signs of autistic children? 1. Language expression
In terms of language ability, autistic children develop more slowly than normal children. The main performance is that he doesn't like to talk before he is 2 years old, or even basically doesn't talk.
Some children may say the same word and phrase over and over again, and often only have one tone, or they don't use the tone directly. Some children seldom say complete sentences. When communicating with others, they lack gestures and facial expressions, especially eye contact.
In the early days, most parents felt that their children were introverted and timid. The older generation even thinks that children talk late and are "late risers". In fact, if children have language communication difficulties at the age of 2-3, they should consult a doctor in time.
2. behavior
Autistic children will have different preferences from normal children. The games and toys that his peers like can't interest him. This kind of children will like some non-toy items, such as a bottle cap, or an electric fan that keeps watching the rotation for dozens of minutes and hours.
In daily life, autistic children are paranoid about home decorations, such as refrigerators, vases, bowls and chopsticks, and can't easily change their positions. However, the sleeping time and the items on the bed (such as sheets, dolls, etc. ) should remain unchanged. Even if the route when going out is not the usual route, or more activities are added during outdoor activities, patients will show obvious unhappiness and anxiety, and even cry and fight.
In addition, patients may have repetitive stiff movements, such as clapping their hands repeatedly, swinging back and forth, snapping their fingers or licking the wall with their tongues. Even smelling toys or people inappropriately, similar to the behavior of dogs. You may also show a special liking or aversion to food because of its shape or color.
3. Social interaction
Autistic children also have obstacles in communicating with others, and they cannot establish normal interpersonal relationships with others. When I was a child, I showed a lack of eye contact and showed resistance to the hugs and caresses of my parents and others. Some patients can't even tell the intimate relationship between family members and strangers, and they are all treated equally. Therefore, for parents, it is impossible to establish an attachment relationship with them.
Compared with interacting with others or calling their names, patients are indifferent, and they prefer to play alone. Seeing peers will not have the desire to play with them, and even seeing peers playing games with great interest, they are not interested in watching and participating.
They may not care about other people's personal space, but once someone accidentally intrudes into their personal field, autistic children will behave abnormally.
4. Intelligent development
Among autistic children, the intelligence level is also uneven. Only a few patients have passed the intelligence test, and most patients have different degrees of mental retardation.
Relevant research reports point out that intelligence tests have been conducted on autistic children worldwide. The results show that more than half of autistic children suffer from moderate mental retardation, of which 1/4 suffer from mild mental retardation, while less than 25% have normal intelligence. This kind of children's cup is called "high functional autism".
If the child has the above phenomenon, it should be taken seriously, and parents should consult a doctor for treatment as soon as possible.
How to treat and care for autistic children?
1. Make a targeted rehabilitation plan
At present, there are many intervention methods for autism, but most of them lack evidence-based medicine. Therefore, most of them adopt individualized treatment methods based on education and training.
This early intervention therapy includes speech therapy, behavior therapy and social skills training, mainly to help autistic children prepare for school.
Of course, if autistic children still can't meet the admission standards after these trainings, they can only choose to stay in special education schools for education.
Step 2 avoid annoying hidden dangers
Every child has different symptoms of autism. As the main caregivers, parents should first understand the abnormal behavior of children, such as excessive music, harsh braking sound, uncomfortable clothes and other irritating external factors, which lead to the abnormal behavior of patients.
When you find out what factors in your daily life cause your child's discomfort, disgust, and even abnormal behavior, try to avoid all kinds of hidden dangers that stimulate your child.
3. Develop a good routine.
Formulating and cultivating a stable work and rest routine is the first and necessary work to help autistic children recover. Make a complete morning activity schedule, such as a fixed breakfast time, a fixed nap time, a fixed outdoor activity venue and going out time.
In this process, parents should pay attention to continuous communication with them to ensure that the course of rehabilitation treatment is fixed.
Reward mechanism can also be used to help children distinguish what is right and what is wrong. Giving certain rewards can effectively help children develop regular work and rest.
4. Find the correct way of nonverbal communication
Finding an acceptable way of communication and interaction for autistic children is one of the effective means to help them. Most autistic children suffer from language communication disorder, which only shows that they lack oral communication ability, and does not mean that they do not need or understand communication. They usually have their own unique way of nonverbal communication.
Parents should pay more attention to what sounds they make and what facial expressions and gestures they use in different situations.
Some autistic children like to have physical contact in communication activities and feel comfortable about it. However, some autistic children don't like other people's touch, but only like the activities of eyes, movements and tones.
Only when parents find their children's preferences can they make it easier for them to accept themselves and enter their inner world.
Treatment and intervention play an important role in helping autistic children recover. However, creating a relaxed and happy living environment for autistic children is also an indispensable part.
Parents can play some favorite games with their children when they are awake and in a good mood, which can not only help them get out of their own world, but also enhance the affection between parents and children.
In addition, although parents are worried about their children's illness, they still have to face this ups and downs with a positive and optimistic attitude, pass on their optimism to their children, and let them get out of the "haze" as soon as possible under the care of love and warmth.
Autism mostly occurs in male children, which is caused by heredity and growth environment. Common symptoms are slow language development, inability to communicate with people normally, slow or unbalanced intellectual development, and some patients will have talents beyond ordinary people.
The intervention of children's autism requires parents to spend a lot of time and energy. Under the care of love and patience, children learn to associate with others. But in institutions, most of them are sports training, and there are few one-on-one cognitive training. Therefore, the training of autistic children should be family-centered, followed by institutional training. To treat children's diseases, we should find them early and treat them early. I hope my answer can help you.
Let's make sure that autism is asking how to treat it.
Cold medicine is ready as soon as the weather forecast says it will rain.
Excessive anxiety is not good for children.
Children of the Stars
"There are such a group of children living among us: although they are close to you, they feel as far away as the stars. He turns a blind eye to you, he may walk on tiptoe, as if he has not adapted to the gravity of the earth; He doesn't respond to everything around him, and sometimes he smiles inexplicably. They are like a spell, sealed in a nightmare we can't know. "
This passage describes a child who is now called "autism". Because their inner world is difficult for outsiders to understand, they are called "children of stars"
Autism, also known as autism, is a congenital neurodevelopmental disorder. At present, the etiology is unknown, and there are three main symptoms: abnormal social development; Abnormal development of language communication; Narrow and repetitive behaviors and interests.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
1. Abnormal development of language communication: reflected in language and non-language, they rarely speak or even can't speak, can't nod and shake their heads and other simple body language, and their communication ability is far behind that of children of the same age.
3. Narrow and repetitive behaviors and interests: only play toys that interest you, and the gameplay is monotonous or immersed in repetitive and boring games. Once there is a little change in daily life, it will trigger a strong emotional reaction until the original style and order are restored.
If a child has the above three characteristics, I'm afraid he is prone to autism and needs professional diagnosis quickly.
Careful parents can also pay attention to some signs at an earlier time. The following is for reference only.
One-year-old: I may still be unable to make a sound, even a simple parent.
One and a half years old: no eye contact with parents, no voice and finger movements to express demands, no response.
Two years old: can only say one word or a very simple voice.
Because autism is a developmental disorder of children at present, there is no cure at present. We can only find it as soon as possible and intervene as soon as possible.
Some parents think this is an act of "selling anxiety". Doctors can't diagnose whether a child has autism before a certain age. Excessive anxiety and panic are certainly not desirable, but nip in the bud can always make children take fewer detours. Don't think that children speak slowly and respond positively, but at this stage, children develop slowly and grow up naturally.
In fact, any developmental delay needs targeted rehabilitation treatment. At present, the general view in the industry is that as long as children are found to be underdeveloped to a certain extent, whether they are autistic or not, they should take time to intervene.
Generally speaking, it takes at least 1-2 years for a child to learn to speak from a language, but language training is still necessary. Because these children are not good at communicating with others most of the time, even communication is "passive communication". Over time, they will get used to this state and their communication skills will not develop.
Furthermore, the problem of stunting will also be manifested in the comprehensive ability of physical development, language, sports, social interaction and so on. If a child is found to have language retardation, then his cognitive understanding ability will be slightly backward. Therefore, in many manifestations, there is no difference between children with developmental retardation and children with autism. Therefore, without active intervention, children will inevitably fall behind ordinary children of the same age.
The intervention method can still adopt the behavior guidance method. Parents can consciously cultivate their children's ability to actively express their needs in their daily lives and stimulate their children's motivation to speak. If the child is inarticulate or has no language ability due to physiological reasons (the food that the child usually eats is too thin and soft, and lacks chewing behavior), it is necessary to add some oral muscle training to daily training to help the child exercise the flexibility of the pronunciation organs.
Parents cannot be absent. When the child is diagnosed, it is the most effective way to send the child to a reliable professional institution for rehabilitation treatment as soon as possible. At the same time, parents actively cooperate with teachers, learn relevant intervention knowledge, and apply professional skills to family intervention.
Family intervention actually plays a vital role in children's rehabilitation education, and parents' active participation can improve their understanding of children. Autistic children vary greatly, and the methods of rehabilitation education vary from person to person. Therefore, if parents can actively participate in children's rehabilitation education, over time, parents will know more about their children, know where their shortcomings are, and use what methods to teach them, so that children can acquire new skills faster and better.
Not to mention going to school far away. Let's talk about kindergarten. Parents will care about "how long can children go to ordinary kindergartens after intervention?"
This proposition is actually a false proposition. Whether a child can attend a normal kindergarten has nothing to do with the length of intervention. What the teacher needs to see is whether the child's ability has reached the standard of kindergarten. Generally speaking, kindergartens have several basic prerequisites for children's ability:
1. Seating capacity. You can sit quietly in a chair during class.
2. Ability to listen to instructions, be able to understand the teacher's instructions such as "come and eat and sit down" and execute them.
3. There are no behavioral problems, such as aggressive behaviors of deliberately arresting people and pushing people.
4. Be able to actively express the need to go to the toilet. Of course, it would be better if you could go to the toilet spontaneously.
With regard to enrollment, we advise parents not to worry too much, because in addition to enrollment, parents also need to consider whether their children can keep up with the learning knowledge in class, handle the relationship with classmates, friends and teachers, and integrate into the class. Therefore, the intervention is not once and for all, as long as the children are sent to school, it will be over. We should make it clear whether the school is a means or an end. Whether in institutional intervention or school, it is our common goal to let children study and live better.
1. Communication barriers
Autistic children are not unwilling to communicate with others, but their language logic and thinking mode are different from others. Therefore, in communication, you often appear extremely indifferent or irrelevant! They can't express their inner thoughts and demands correctly.
2. Abnormal behavior
Autistic children often have hobbies and abnormal behaviors different from other children, such as stamping their feet repeatedly or staring at something for a long time; At the same time, autistic children lack awareness of threats, such as not paying attention to traffic when crossing the road. Therefore, children with autism often behave unsociable or turn a blind eye to other people's behaviors and reminders.
3. Mental retardation
The intellectual development of autistic children is extremely slow. So many people also think that children with autism are born "stupid". Although some children tend to perform particularly well in one aspect, this probability is very low! According to statistics, about 70% of autistic children are mentally retarded.
The performance of autistic children will first have language barriers. She can't communicate with people normally, and she can't distinguish between closeness and distance, and she can't communicate with people normally. At the same time, without interest, lack of interest, can keep the same action for a long time, there will be mental retardation, and the degree of mental deficiency is different.