The history of bowls has lasted for thousands of years. Since the emergence of human civilization, bowls have become an indispensable part of people's lives. In the flourishing age of 20 10, we endowed the bowl with more times significance and artistic connotation, and created a "golden rice bowl" with a unique brand of the times, making it an important page in the rolling history, which will last forever in history.
The World Expo is a post station of human civilization. Nowadays, the World Expo has increasingly become a grand gathering of global economy, science and technology and culture, and an important stage for people of all countries to sum up historical experience, exchange wisdom and look forward to future development. Expo 20 10 can be held in China, an ancient civilization country with a long history in the East, which reflects the world's concern for China and the people's trust and support for the future development of China. "The granary in the world, the golden rice bowl" is now grandly on the historical stage, which not only shows the splendid history and culture of China for 5,000 years, but also continues to show the prosperity of China together with the World Expo.
Looking back on the heyday of China's thousand-year history
The design of Golden Rice Bowl is based on China Pavilion, combined with the design concept of China Pavilion, which is "the crown of the East, prosperous China, the granary of the world and enriching the world". The appearance and inner meaning complement each other. China Pavilion is the precipitation of Chinese civilization and the crystallization of China's wisdom, expressing the spirit and temperament of China culture. The origin of China Pavilion can be traced back to thousands of years in its heyday.
The earliest tripod was a kind of tableware, which was used to hold food. The China Pavilion imitated the ancient four-legged Fang Ding model. Behind its "granary of enriching the people in the world", it is also an extension of Ding's history, which guides us to regain Ding culture and regard it as a national heavyweight, representing the country and power.
Ding is an ancient cooker in China. The origin of China Ding culture can be traced back to the Neolithic Age in primitive society. As early as 7,000 years ago, a ceramic tripod appeared, which was equivalent to a pot in the 20th century, and was used to stew and store meat. The real peak of its development appeared in Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty. In addition to cooking meat and blending five flavors, it was used as a ritual vessel for ceremonial occasions until the Han Dynasty. In the era of slavery, the tripod was used as an important ritual vessel to show the status level. At this time, the significance of the tripod as a cooker has been greatly weakened and has evolved into a status symbol. According to the literature, "the emperor Jiuding, seven princes, five doctors, three scholars or a tripod", therefore, "Jiuding Supreme" is often used to refer to the emperor, or to describe the supreme royal majesty and noble status. In addition, Ding is also a symbol of state power. "Zuo Zhuan" contains: "Jie lost his virtue and Ding moved to business; Shang and Zhou Dynasties were tyrannical, and Dingding moved to Zhou ",with Dingding as its capital.
At present, the most famous four-legged Fang Ding is Simuwu Dafang Ding, which symbolizes the dignity of identity and is now in the National Museum of China. Simu Wuding is tall and heavy, magnificent in shape, magnificent in momentum and ornate in decorative patterns. It has a rectangular abdomen and four cylindrical legs. It is the largest bronze tripod found in the world at present.
Ding is regarded as a symbol of country, country and power, and the word "Ding" is also endowed with symbolic colors such as "distinguished", "distinguished" and "grand". As the national pavilion of the 20 10 Shanghai World Expo, China Pavilion, as the host, should not only welcome tourists from all over the world, but also shoulder the important responsibility of representing China culture and show the world the 5000-year history and civilization of China. Therefore, China Pavilion has absorbed Ding's external characteristics and internal implications, making it a "world granary" and giving it extended meanings of "Prosperous China" and "Enriching the people", expressing the beautiful status quo of China's prosperity and people's prosperity, and conveying the theme of "Better City, Better Life".
China's wisdom reveal that true meaning of a good life.
With the approach of the Shanghai World Expo, the eyes of the whole world have turned to Shanghai, and the China Pavilion has also become a landmark building in Shanghai. China Pavilion stands in the middle and stands out at different levels, becoming the main body of modeling that embodies the elements of China and symbolizes the spirit of China. The inverted pyramid shape of the China Pavilion, which is layered and unfolded upwards, has a dynamic feeling of flapping its wings and flying against the wind, which is very iconic. The exterior wall is made of magnificent China red, which expresses the hospitality of the Chinese nation and is very oriental and royal.
Structurally, China Pavilion inherits the unique structure of China's architecture: a raised abutment is used as the foundation of the building, with wooden beams and columns as the skeleton, and then a sloping roof with overhangs is supported. This skeleton structure makes people feel completely unconstrained. It is this high degree of flexibility and adaptability that enables it to adapt to any extension of Chinese civilization and show the ancient wisdom of the Chinese nation.
The extensive and profound China culture gave birth to and developed the architectural culture of China, while the unique and rich architectural culture made the splendid architecture of China. China's concept of worshipping heaven and earth is deeply rooted in people's hearts, and it is often reflected in architecture, expressing people's good wishes for good weather and abundant crops. The China Pavilion has just inherited the mantle of ancient culture, and its design concept is "the granary of the world".
Since ancient times, our ancestors have known how to comprehensively plan, dispatch and utilize our natural resources, so that Chinese civilization has strong vitality and cohesion. China is based on agriculture and respects nature. Laozi said, "Man, earth, heaven and heaven are natural." China people's respect for nature is in sharp contrast with the characteristics of westerners' conquest, which expresses China's idea of cultural pursuit and the harmony and unity of nature. In ancient China, mud and wood were mostly used as building materials. Earth is the source of all things, and wood is the symbol of life. Moreover, many civil buildings are not long-lived, which expresses the view that ancient buildings in China do not seek the permanence of the original, and proves that China has advocated frugality since ancient times. This is why today, when ancient materials are not abundant, Chinese civilization has created such a splendid Chinese civilization and achieved a better life.
China Pavilion not only inherits the traditional structural features in appearance, but also does not forget the fine traditions of our ancestors in concept. Under the premise of environmental protection in various places, it has become a veritable green landmark. The shape of the China Pavilion is layered. In summer, the upper floor can naturally block the lower floor. In the architectural form design, the emission reduction and consumption reduction of the single building itself have been realized. In building technology, the application possibility of new environmental protection energy technology is fully considered. All windows are made of low-energy insulating glass, and ice-making technology is applied to reduce the power load. Compared with the traditional mode, the energy-saving system of this building greatly reduces the energy consumption. China Pavilion not only has good ventilation performance, but also adopts many solar energy technologies. Solar cells are installed on the top and exterior walls of the China Pavilion to ensure a strong energy supply, which is expected to make the China Pavilion completely self-sufficient in lighting power. In landscape design, add elements of recycling and self-cleaning. The rainwater collection system designed on the roof of the National Pavilion can realize the recycling of rainwater, and use natural rainwater for greening irrigation and road washing. Every part of the China Pavilion has introduced the latest scientific and technological achievements, striving to conform to the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection in every link, realizing the harmonious unity between man and nature, and between city and nature, and truly realizing "Better City, Better Life".
Bowl-the necessity of life, the beginning of a better life
As people's daily necessities, bowls are the most common and important utensils in China. The history of bowls stretches for thousands of years, which can be traced back to the Neolithic pottery bowls. Its shape is not much different from today's, that is, the mouth is big and the bottom is small, the mouth is wide and the bottom is narrow, and there are bowl feet under it, mostly round and rarely square. Things are rare, and square bowls are much more difficult to fire than round ones, so square bowls are more valuable for history and collection.
During the Kangxi period of the Tang Dynasty, many square utensils appeared, such as square plates, bowls, statues and flowerpots. At present, the most complete square bowl that can be seen is the square bowl in the late Qing Dynasty, with exquisite shape and exquisite craftsmanship, which fully demonstrated the superb level of modeling design and the progress of bowl-making technology of skilled craftsmen at that time.
According to archaeological discoveries and historical records, the earliest porcelain bowls were primitive celadon products, which were used from Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Later, with the evolution of the times, the gradual improvement of porcelain-making technology, the improvement of people's aesthetic and practical requirements, the shape, decoration and quality of bowls are becoming more and more exquisite. There are obvious differences in the shape and decoration of bowls in different periods. Before the Tang Dynasty, bowls were mostly straight and flat-bottomed, glazed to the end, and basically had no ornamentation. There are many kinds of bowls in Tang Dynasty, such as straight mouth, skimming mouth and sunflower mouth. There are lips protruding from the mouth, mostly flat bottom, jade wall bottom, ring bottom, glazed near the bottom, glazed fine products, simple carving. Bowls in Song Dynasty were mostly hat-shaped and straw hat-shaped, with a large mouth and a small circle foot, and the diameter of the circle foot was almost one-third of the mouth edge. Compared with the Song Dynasty, the bowl shape in Yuan Dynasty is characterized by being tall and heavy, the circle foot is inclined inward and left, and the cross section is eight-shaped. Most of them are decorated by printing and carving. There are many kinds of bowls in Ming dynasty, such as heart-shaped, chopping block-shaped, flat-folded, etc., with narrow sides and mostly decorated with painted flowers. The decorative technology of painted flowers was applied to bowls, which began in Changsha kiln in Tang Dynasty and transited to Cizhou kiln in Song Dynasty. Its inspiration comes from the blue and white flowers in Yuan Dynasty, and it really flourished in Ming Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the most common food bowls were those with thin carcass and blue and white background. The bowls of the Qing Dynasty are better than those of previous dynasties in every respect. The shape, glaze color and decorative pattern of the vessel are more abundant and diverse, and the craft is more exquisite and delicate. The royal bowl decorated with three colors and five colors is even more amazing.
Judging from the development and evolution of bowls, the function of bowls is nothing more than holding food, and the shapes are similar, but the materials, techniques and decorative means are constantly changing. The eternal function proves that the bowl is the most practical and most in line with people's living habits, and it is also more loved by people. Since ancient times, bowls have been made of ceramics, wood, jade, glass, glass, metal and so on. And beautifully made antique bowls are often collectors' favorites.
Worry-free food and clothing is the basis for people to achieve a better life, and bowls, as the most commonly used utensils for holding food, have gradually been endowed with the aura of "cornucopia" and even become a symbol of judging whether life is rich or not. In today's society, people use "iron rice bowl" and "golden rice bowl" to compare the level of a position, and "golden rice bowl" is a very well-paid position. With this "golden rice bowl", you can live a good life without worry.
The "golden rice bowl" represents a good cause with bright future and abundant food, but in fact there are few golden rice bowls made of gold. According to legend, only emperors or powerful royal nobles could use real golden rice bowls in ancient times.
Gold is a metal discovered and used earlier by human beings. Because it is rare, special and precious, it has been regarded as the first hardware since ancient times, and has the title of "king of metals", enjoying an incomparable reputation with other metals, and its prominent position is almost eternal. It is precisely because of this "noble" status that gold is still a symbol of wealth and luxury. Gold is mostly used as jewelry decoration, and gorgeous gold ornaments have always been a symbol of one's social status and wealth. As an international reserve, it also reflects the value of gold. Because of its excellent characteristics, gold still occupies a very important position in the international reserves of many countries, including major western countries, in the 2 1 century.
The whole "golden rice bowl" is made of gold, just like a golden cornucopia, a symbol of dignity. At the same time, the value-added space of gold also makes it have a long-term and beautiful significance. Food is the most important thing for the people, and the golden rice bowl has given the people a carefree life and gathered endless blessings and wealth. At the same time, it can be used as an auspicious thing to pray for people's prosperity, long-term stability of the country, and permanent peace and prosperity.
"Golden rice bowl"-the symbol of wisdom and the embodiment of Fulu
The Golden Rice Bowl is like a miniature China Pavilion in overall design, and the details are integrated into the essence of China traditional culture as much as possible. The "Golden Rice Bowl" breaks the traditional round bowl form and takes the square China Pavilion with distinct layers and more stability as the main shape, with the top of the bowl as the sky and the bottom as the ground. The overall design layout symbolizes the harmony between heaven and earth and embodies the understanding of "the relationship between heaven and earth" in eastern philosophy.
The design of the bowl cover is mainly based on thunder patterns, and the structure is regular, neat and steady, giving people a heavy and steady feeling. Lei Wen is often used as a ground pattern, which is a typical decorative pattern on bronzes. This geometric figure composed of continuous winding lines not only decorated the main body, but also better set off the theme decoration. There is a circle in the center of the bowl cover, with the Big Dipper in the middle, and seven precious stones inlaid, which is dazzling. The ancients attached importance to Beidou because it can be used to identify the direction and judge the season. After the formation of Taoism, people began to regard Beidou as a god and made various theological explanations. The purple MSI located at the top of the Big Dipper is called "the king of the door". In ancient times, people thought that the emperor should live in the Heavenly Palace, which was also called Wei Zi Palace. The word "purple" refers to the purple star wall, which is called the emperor. Therefore, since ancient times, researchers have regarded Ziweixing as the "emperor star", so those who regard the palace star as Wei Zi are regarded as the emperor phase. Moire is also an ancient decorative pattern in China tradition, representing good luck. Strong mobility, endless changes, set off the eternal stars, suitable for sports and harmony. Purple MSI is more noble and gorgeous surrounded by clouds, shining with the light of the emperor.
When the lid of the bowl is lifted, the "lotus" in full bloom at the bottom of the bowl is ready to come out, revealing the fragrance of people. Lotus is a traditional flower in China and one of the traditional decorative patterns in ancient China. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, lotus patterns were used as decorative patterns, which became popular since the Northern and Southern Dynasties. They often appeared on porcelain, and as the theme patterns of porcelain, they were used on the outer walls or bottoms of bowls, lamps, bowls and plates. Since Buddhism was introduced to China, Lotus has always been regarded as a symbol of Buddhism, representing "pure land", "purity" and "auspiciousness". Lotus has therefore become the main decorative theme in Buddhist art, especially in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. With the widespread spread of Buddhism, lotus patterns have become more popular in all aspects of people's lives, and can be seen everywhere in architecture, ceramics, bronze mirrors and paintings.
The lotus at the bottom of the bowl has two layers of petals, which are lifelike and have a strong three-dimensional effect. The upper 12 petals are carved with 12 zodiac patterns respectively, and the strokes are simple but vivid. At the same time, the 12 zodiac also represents the 12 earthly branches used in ancient times: Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai. The combination of the zodiac and the twelve earthly branches fully embodies the ancient wisdom of the Chinese nation and the profoundness of China's traditional culture, and symbolizes that the golden rice bowl is the great crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation.
The dragon symbolizes the overlord in the sky, while the tiger is the king of hundreds of animals on the earth. The inner wall of the golden rice bowl is guarded by two dragons and two tigers respectively, symbolizing China's stable status as a big country. The image of the dragon is based on the "C"-shaped dragon in Hongshan Culture about 5,000 years ago, giving people a feeling of jumping. The tiger is based on the Yuhu in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its back is slightly arched, its tail is rolled back, and its forelimbs are bent forward, showing a roaring and attacking shape. The combination of the dragon and the tiger embodies the great strength of the tiger, and also indicates that China will be more prosperous and powerful in the Year of the Tiger, just like a dragon soaring at the top of the prosperous times.