Zhejiang Provincial Museum has a very precious cultural relic-the bronze sword of the King of Yue.
The name "Yue Wang" has been verified by historians, ancient philologists and archaeologists such as Chen, Chen, Ma Chengyuan, Jelly Lin and Yin Difei, and it is called "Son of Sentence Jian" in history books. This conclusion has been recognized by academic circles.
Both Fu's name and the author's purpose are a little confusing to read. No wonder! "People who target mental illness" was the wuyue dialect at that time. Purport, pronounced "Zhu Ji" (zhjī), is the surname of the King of Yue; "Yu Qian" is a name, pronounced as yú shì (homonym with "therefore").
And "Fuhe" is the urgent reading of "aiming person" in Chinese original sound. That is to say, in the Central Plains, people read the words "those who aspire to it" together faster, that is, "Fu He".
Fu, pronounced shí (pronounced as "food"); And, today simplified as "and". Because wuyue's name is omitted in bronze inscriptions to varying degrees, it often leads to differences in ancient records, which often record wuyue dialect and Chinese original sound together, which easily leads to different writing methods. Therefore, in the ancient books handed down from generation to generation, there are many different ways to write the name of King Yue, which really makes people nod.
For example, writing "Yu Yi" in Yuejueshu is a homonym of "Yu Qian"; The writing of Wu Yue Chun Qiu is "Xing Yi", and "Xing" is an incorrect word for "Yu", which means that the two words look almost the same, and it is easy to make mistakes if you are not careful. In addition, Zuo Zhuan is written as "Yi Ying" and Zhu Ji Shu Year is written as "Lu Ying", which is either a misspelling of Yu Tai or a homonym of Yu Tai.
The King of Yue aims to be Gou Jian's son, but there are not many records about him in the history books. His martial arts and prestige are far behind his father's.
According to the bamboo chronicles, the goal of the King of Yue was to rule for only six years (464-459 BC). Although his reign was short, there were not a few Yue kings unearthed and handed down from generation to generation. According to Dr. Shi's Collection of Characters in wuyue, there are about 2 1 piece, and the specific characters are Zhong Si, Mao Si and Jane.
These eleven bronze Gu Jian were collected by China History Museum, Palace Museum, Shanghai Museum, Hubei Jingzhou Museum, Suzhou Soochow Museum and Anhui Shouxian Museum, and many bronzes were collected by foreign private collectors.
However, among all the swords of the King of Yue, neither the integrity of appearance nor the preciousness of value can compare with this bronze sword of the King of Yue collected by Zhejiang Museum. Perhaps unexpectedly, Bo Zhe, the treasure of the town hall, was painstakingly bought at a stall in an antique market in Hong Kong.
1One day in late September, 1995, Mr. Ma Chengyuan, then the curator of Shanghai Museum, received a fax photo from Hong Kong. This fax was sent by Mr Ma's friend, saying that a bronze statue of Gu Jian was found in the Hong Kong antique market. It looks real, but he is not sure. He wants to ask Ma Chengyuan to help him identify it.
Ma Chengyuan saw from the photo that the two sides of the sword lattice were inlaid with a lot of turquoise into beautiful patterns, and the inscription of the wrong gold bird and insect book was cast. Bird and insect book, also known as bird seal, is a kind of picture text with the image of bird head. On the basis of seal script, it changes the original font to make it spiral like a bird or a worm.
The Book of Birds and Insects is mostly engraved on bronze vessels, which has little practical function. It is an artistic word used for decoration, and few people can know it since ancient times.
Ma Chengyuan is an expert in bronze ware and has a deep study of ancient Chinese characters. Years of practical work gave him the opportunity to contact many bronzes engraved with bird prints, so he recognized the bird print inscription on this sword case at a glance, with "King Wu (Yue)" on one side and "the author aimed at the bow" on the other.
Ma Chengyuan suddenly became excited. If the textual research is correct, this sword should be the personal sabre of the son of Gou Jian, the king of Yue.
Ma Chengyuan was very careful and asked Cao, deputy director of Zhejiang Museum, for verification. Mr. Cao is also an expert in studying bronzes and ancient Chinese characters. After seeing the photos, he agreed with Ma Chengyuan's judgment very much.
On October 4th, 65438/KLOC-0, Ma Chengyuan arrived in Hongkong, and finally met this Gu Jian after many twists and turns.
The body of this sword is golden and well preserved. The whole sword is intact, with no rust, sharp blade and cold air. The lacquered sheath is as complete as new, black and shiny, and the silk winding on the hilt is well preserved. Its exquisite degree and historical value far exceed many unearthed famous swords of the king of Yue.
Through conversation, Ma Chengyuan learned that this sword was stolen and smuggled out of the country by domestic cultural relics dealers. After many twists and turns, it was finally bought by Hong Kong cultural relics dealers at a high price.
The seller in Hong Kong is an extremely shrewd businessman. When he saw that Ma Chengyuan was very keen on this sword, he decided that it was a rare treasure and casually raised the price to 1 10,000 Hong Kong dollars. 1 10,000 Hong Kong dollars, which is simply sky-high for Zhejiang Bo, who only collected tens of thousands of cultural relics at that time. Even if it is spent on food, it can't be taken out.
At this time, many overseas buyers expressed their desire to buy this sword. A Japanese antique dealer even offered HK$ 6.5438+0.5 million and decided to negotiate with Hong Kong sellers on June 7, 654.38+00.
At the critical moment when the national treasure is about to be lost overseas, Cao conveyed to Ma Chengyuan the common decision of several responsible persons of Zhejiang Museum: No matter how much it costs, this sword must be rescued! Zhejiang is the hometown of Yue State, and Yue Wangzhi is returning to his birthplace. Ma Chengyuan immediately borrowed HK$ 6,543,800+from a friend in Hong Kong, paid the down payment in advance, and took the sword back to a friend's house for preservation on the same day. He also persuaded Hong Kong sellers to make an exception and let the sword return to China first with the reputation of Shanghai Museum as a guarantee.
On June 6th, the King of Yue planned to arrive in Shanghai safely. The sword was returned, but the funds have not yet been settled. The seller in Hong Kong requires that 11pay HK$ 10,000 before October 3 1, otherwise the sword will still be taken back.
On June 9, Yue returned to the Zhejiang Provincial Museum. The whole museum took action immediately, and within half an hour, it drew up a proposal calling on enterprises to participate in saving the country's sword. After approval, it was quickly spread throughout the province.
Zhejiang news media paid close attention to this matter and publicized it through various media such as TV, radio, newspapers and periodicals, which soon aroused strong repercussions in society.
The rare Gu Jian haunts the hearts of thousands of Zhejiang people in Qian Qian, and "winning with the sword" is the common wish of Zhejiang people.
Under the direct concern and query of relevant leaders of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and provincial government, on June 3rd1day, Hanggang Group agreed to pay RMB10.06 million to redeem this sword and donate it to Zhejiang Provincial Museum, so that the King of Yue could return to his hometown.
199665438+1On October 3rd, Hangzhou Daily reported: "A rare sword made by the ancestors of the Guyue people, dating back more than 2,400 years, was exhibited to the public in Zhejiang Museum on June1996 (repurchased by Hangzhou Iron and Steel General Factory at 1.06 million yuan). This Betty Wong sword was specially treated and placed in a plexiglass box filled with nitrogen. "
It is not only the first time in Zhejiang province, but also rare in the whole country to rescue the lost cultural relics at the expense of enterprises. This righteous act of Hangzhou Iron and Steel Group is of milestone significance in the history of cultural relics protection in China.
Wuyue was good at casting bronze swords in ancient times, and now the registered trademark of Hanggang Group is "Gu Jian Brand". The story of Millennium Gu Jian and famous modern enterprises can really be described as "a thousand-year marriage with one sword".