Everyone is in a high position, but Mr. Wenguang's position is very cold. Rich families are tired of eating rice and meat, but Mr. Wenguang doesn't have enough food. Mr. Wang's character is beyond his reach, and his talent is beyond Mr. Qu's reach. A respected generation is often frustrated, but what's the use of being immortalized? I was even laughed at by Ling Du people, wearing coarse clothes and having silky sideburns. I am so poor that I buy five liters of rice in the official warehouse every day. I often visit Zheng Lao, and we have a tacit understanding. When we get the money, we will meet and buy some good wine without hesitation. I am ecstatic and call on you and me. The passion of drinking is really my teacher! In the dark night, we advised to drink spring wine, and the drizzle on the eaves flashing in front of the lights fell like flowers. Carnival and singing are like ghosts and gods helping each other. I didn't know that people had to fill the gap when they were starving. Sima Xiangru can wash dishes by himself, Yang Xiong can read, and finally he jumps off Tianlu Pavilion. Mr. Wang had written an article on "Going to Come" so that the thatched cottage in the wild would not be covered with moss. What's the use of Confucianism for me? And Liu have all turned to dust. After listening to these words, I am not sad. We met before we died and had a good drink!
The original note: "To Dr. Zheng Qian of Wenguang Museum. Greedy: a lot. Taiwan Province Province: Taiwan Province is the censorate, and the provinces are Zhongshu Province, Shangshu Province and Menxia Province. At that time, they were all central hub institutions. Mr. Wenguang: Zheng Qian. Because Zheng Qian is a doctor in Wenguang Museum. Cold: cold, cold. Jiaxu: In the Han Dynasty, dignitaries lived in all the second orders, so it was called "Jiaxu". Tired: full. Out: beyond. Huang Xi: Fu, an idealized saint in ancient legends of China. Qu Song: Qu Yuan and Song Yu. Ling Du: Du Fu claimed to be. Du Fu's ancestral home is Ling Du, Chang 'an. When he was in Chang 'an, he lived near Shaoling in the southeast of Ling Du, so he called himself "Ling Du Hag", also known as "Shaoling Hag". Sniff: Laugh. Brown: coarse cloth, clothes worn by the poor in ancient times. Rizuo: I buy vegetables every day, so I don't have overnight dishes. Taicang: the royal granary established in Shi Jing. At that time, because of the long-term rain, rice was very expensive, so Taicang rice was sent to help the poor, and Du Fu also made a living. Time to go: often. Zheng Lao: Zheng Qian is ten or twenty years older than Du Fu, so he is called Zheng Lao. At the same time: it means that they have the same mind and the same temperament. Looking for each other: looking for each other. There is no doubt: if you have money, you can buy wine, regardless of other life problems. Get carried away: excited after drinking, regardless of size, first name, informal. Cornice flowers: Rain falling in front of the eaves flashes like flowers under the light mapping. There are ghosts and gods: it seems that there are ghosts and gods to help, that is, "if poetry has gods" and "poetry needs gods to help". Filling ditch: refers to dying of poverty and dumping the body in the ditch. Xiang Ru: Sima Xiangru, a famous poet in the Western Han Dynasty. Cai Yi: Outstanding talent. Pro-washers: Sima Xiangru and his wife Zhuo Wenjun opened a small hotel in Chengdu, with Zhuo Wenjun as the stove and Sima Xiangru washing the dishes herself. Ziyun: Yang Xiong's Ci. Boss: When Wang Mang was alive, Yang Xiong committed suicide by jumping off a building, but fortunately he didn't fall to his death, because others took part in offending him, and when the emissary came to arrest him. Homecoming: In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming bid farewell to Peng's Homecoming and wrote Homecoming. Kong Qiu: Confucius. Stealing feet: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Liu was a Xia native who lived by stealing, so he was called "stealing feet".
The appreciation of Drunk Songs can be divided into four paragraphs, with eight sentences in the first two paragraphs and six sentences in the last two paragraphs. The first paragraph is eight sentences from the beginning to "immortal".
The first four sentences of the first paragraph use the prominent position and luxurious life of "gentlemen" to contrast the humbleness and poverty of Zheng Qian. The meaning of "campus" is endless. "Taiwan Province Province" refers to a prominent position in the central government. All "gentlemen" are not necessarily talented people, but they have made great achievements one after another, and Mr. Wenguang, "who has only been famous for forty years, has been sitting on the cold bench without feeling." "Those noble families are tired of fine food and beautiful meat, and Mr. Wenguang doesn't even have enough to eat. These four sentences, one positive and one negative, are in sharp contrast, highlighting "the official is cold and alone" and "the food is not enough." In the last four sentences, the poet complained for Mr. Wenguang with infinite regret. Morally, Mr. Wenguang is far from Huang Xi. On talent, Mr. Wen Guang resisted the Song Dynasty. However, morality is respected all over the world, but the cause is always bumpy; Mercy can last forever, but it can't solve the hunger and cold before death.
In the second paragraph, from "Mr. Wenguang" to "Ling Du Yeke", the poet and Zheng Guangwen forgot the turn of the year, like fish in a dry spring, caring for each other and having frequent contacts. "When you get to the same period as Zheng Lao" and "When you have money, find each other." Qiu said that Du Fu was in the front and in the back. They talk to each other, * * * embrace each other, drink heartily and chat to relieve their worries.
The six sentences in the third paragraph are the * * * of this poem, and the first four sentences are sung in front of the bottle, which is really a stroke of genius. The last two sentences seem relieved, but they are really angry. Sima Xiangru is a talented person, but he once sold wine and washed dishes himself. The talented Yang Xiong is even more unfortunate. He was implicated in Liu Ba's conviction and was forced to commit suicide by jumping off a building. Poets seem to comfort their friends with unfortunate examples of talented people. But readers can feel the power of the pen as long as they relate the hunger and cold of talented people to the first sentence "squirrels come to power to save the province".
In the last six sentences, there is helplessness in anger. Since the road is bumpy and talents are not met, it is useless to bring Confucianism. Kong Qiu and thieves can be equal. In saying this, the poet is not only commenting on Confucianism, but also alluding to current politics, which seems to be a self-explanation in a vast world. The last "binge drinking" of couplets is the end. Kong Qiu, who is not a teacher, said that Du Kang was angry at being broad-minded.
Commenting on this poem, some scholars say it is tragic or heroic. In fact, it is both tragic and heroic, and it is mainly tragic. Ordinary poetry is either bold and free (rolling down without meaning) or sad and not wide (drifting to extremes). Du Fu's poems are bold without losing meaning, sad without hurting elegance. This poem is an example.
The first paragraph, sentence contrast, not only makes the sentence straight, but also creates the momentum of sentence arrangement and strokes. The last four sentences were changed, and the feelings became stronger and stronger. "The song is fierce." The second paragraph is followed by a slow tune. The first four sentences are seven-character poems, and the last four sentences suddenly become five-character poems, eliminating the sense of stagnation. Moreover, short sentences promote sound and gradually become magnificent, pushing poetry to * * *. In the third paragraph, four sentences were used to describe the scene of binge drinking, and the rhyme was replaced by the word "promoting sinking" The so-called "string is anxious to know the column to promote" and "generosity and sorrow". But there are bold sentences in the poem, so there is no taste of decline. Poetry critics are full of praise for this poem, saying, "After a clear night, God is inspired and will live forever." . ""Four sentences on a clear night are earth-shattering. " (See Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties) But they ignored the warning strategies of "acting like a scholar" and "Ziyun has culture". The beauty of this connection lies in locking the running trend with duality, connecting the previous paragraph with the latter paragraph, so that readers have an unconscious feeling when reading the next paragraph. This connection with the first paragraph is shameful. In fact, it means that "the country has no choice but to be rich and shameful." "So, this poem is not a general lament, complaint and slander, but a work that praises the virtuous when it hurts, and the poet expresses strong repression in an implicit way.
At the end of this paragraph, the rhyme changed. Except for "unnecessary", every sentence rhymes and sings generously, showing a relaxed and proud style, which makes readers immerse themselves in it and produce vibration.
The background of drunken song writing This poem was probably written in the spring of the 14th year of Tianbao (755). At this point, Du Fu has been trapped in Chang 'an for the tenth year. Because of the bumpy official career and the dark society, the poet's resentment is naturally growing.
According to the poet's notes, this poem was written for his good friend Zheng Qian. Zheng Qian was a famous scholar at that time. His poems, books and paintings were praised as "Three Wonders" by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of Tianbao, he was secretly accused of "reading national history privately" for ten years. After returning to Chang 'an, he became a doctor in Wenguang Museum. Free and vulgar, she likes to drink. Du Fu loves him very much. Although they are very different in age (Du Fu was 39 when he first met Zheng Qian, and Zheng Qian estimated that he was nearly 60), their relationship is very close. Zheng Qian is as unhappy as Du Fu.
Poetry: Drunken Songs Author: Tang Du Fu's poetry classification: narrative, friendship, feelings, unfortunate talents