The first eight letters are Aa[ei], Bb[bi:], Cc[si:], Dd[di:], Ee[i:], Ff[ef], Gg[d3i:], Hh[eit∫].
The next eight, Ii[ai], Jj[d3ei], Kk[kei], Ll[el], Mm[em], Nn[en], Oo[? u]、Pp[pi:].
The next eight, Qq[kju:], Rr[ɑ:], Ss[es], Tt[ti:], Uu[ju:], Vv[vi:], Ww['d∧blju:], Xx[eks].
The phonetic symbols of the last two letters, Yy[wai] and Zz[zi:][zed].
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English letters, that is, the letters on which English is based now, ***26. The modern English alphabet completely borrows 26 Latin letters. The so-called "Latin alphabet" refers to the letters with the same letters used by the ancient Romans to form the basic Latin alphabet of ISO.
English began to be written in the Anglo-Saxon era in the sixth century ... At that time, Roman Catholic missionaries were responsible for recording the local oral language into words. The problem they face is that English (that is, Old English) has more than 40 different phonemes, but they only have 23 Roman letters, so they can't correspond to each other.
So they tried many different methods, such as adding letters, adding phonetic symbols to letters, connecting two letters and so on, to correspond to different pronunciations, and gradually formed 27 letters of old English (which later evolved into 26 letters of modern English) and some spelling rules, and then there were spelling exceptions.
But there are fewer old English words, about 50 thousand, so the problem is not obvious. After the Norman conquest, many documents were in French. They abandoned some spelling rules they didn't like, introduced some new rules from French at that time, and made some new exceptions according to different situations.