Why do the windows of some villas protrude?

Because it's a style.

A bay window refers to a window protruding from the external wall of a building. "Bay window" is also called "bay window" or "harbor window", because this kind of window protrudes (or floats out) in a plane form, so it is named. There are three popular bay windows, the plane forms are trapezoidal, rectangular and arc, and the window sill forms are low window sill and floor-to-ceiling window.