Rhyme is a popular genre in Chinese poetry in Tang Dynasty, which belongs to modern poetry and is named because of its strict metrical requirements. There are three common types: five laws, seven laws and exclusive laws. Rhyme is the precious wealth of Chinese literature, which is of great significance. There are usually a few words to say.
2. Features
Metric poems originated from Shen Yue's new style poems which paid attention to meter and duality in the Qi Yong period of the Southern Dynasty, and began to appear in the early Tang Dynasty. During the Wu and Zhou Dynasties, Shen Quanqi and Song created the Narrow Seven Laws, which matured in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. Rhyme requires the unity of the number of words in the poem, and each poem is five words and seven sentences, referred to as five laws and seven laws for short. The usual metrical poems stipulate 8 sentences each. More than 8 sentences, that is, 10 sentences, are called exclusive laws or long laws. Usually eight sentences are completed, and every two sentences form a couplet, which is counted as a quadruple. It is customary to call the first couplet a title couplet, the second a antithetical sentence, the third a neck couplet and the fourth a sentence ending couplet. The upper and lower sentences of two or three couplets (i.e. antithesis and necklace) of each song are used to antithesis. Except for the first pair and the second pair, the couplet in the middle must be a couplet. Rhyme requires the whole poem to rhyme, and rhyme is usually balanced; The second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences rhyme, and the first sentence can be taken or not. Allow the rhyme in a broad sense to lose its adhesion, and not in a narrow sense. There are two types: "Qi Qi" and "Pingqi". In addition, the metrical requirements of metrical poems also apply to quatrains.
Generalized metrical poems are very inclusive, allowing irregularities and three ends to exist. The Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao is a typical example.
3. Form
Metric poetry is very strict, and there are strict rules on the number, number of words, rhyme, level tone and antithesis of sentences:
(1) Each song is limited to eight sentences: the five laws stipulate that each sentence has five words, and the whole song has 40 words; The seven laws stipulate that each sentence has seven words, a total of 56 words.
(2) Restrict the use of flat rhyme, rhyme to the end, and don't change rhyme in the middle. The five laws take the first sentence as a positive example and rhyme as an example; The seven laws take the rhyme of the first sentence as a positive example, and the non-rhyme as a variant.
(3) The sentence pattern and the level of words used in each sentence are stipulated: pay attention to adhesion and rightness.
(4) The couplets in each poem can be as many as three couplets or as few as one couplet, which is an important feature of metrical poems.