Project quality refers to the comprehensive requirements for the safety, applicability, economy, environmental protection, aesthetics and other characteristics of the project in the country's current relevant laws, regulations, technical standards, design documents and contracts. It is the sum of the performance of the finished products at each stage of the construction process that meet the technical standards and meet the needs of use.
The current momentum of my country's construction industry is still very strong, and the quality of projects is very important. For us construction workers, we only need to remember this slogan: Excellent project quality first, careful construction and careful construction!
(1) Steel bar engineering
1. Ground beam steel bar binding:
Practice standards:
1. Elastic line control main bar and The spacing of stirrups;
2. Use cement pads at the bottom, and use plastic or other pads on both sides of the beam to control the thickness of the protective layer;
3. Bend the binding wire toward the inside of the beam.
Quality standards:
1. The specification and quantity of steel bars meet the design requirements;
2. The allowable deviation of the spacing of stressed steel bars is within ±10mm; the spacing is allowed The deviation is within ±5mm; the allowable deviation of the stirrup spacing is within ±20mm; the allowable deviation of the protective layer thickness is within ±5mm;
3. The binding threads are not leaking and the binding wires are bent inward.
2. Base plate steel bar binding sample:
Standards of practice:
1. Play wires on the ground to control the spacing of the main bars;
Quality standards:
1. The specifications, quantity and spacing of steel bars meet the design requirements;
2. The thickness deviation of the protective layer shall not be greater than ±10mm, and the steel bars shall not be in contact with the bottom plate or side formwork to prevent Water seepage and corrosion;
3. The allowable deviation of the length and width of the stressed steel mesh is within ±10mm; the allowable deviation of the mesh size is within ±20mm; the allowable deviation of the stirrup spacing is within ±20mm;
4. Use a level to measure the flatness of the upper row of steel bars to be no more than 5mm/2m to ensure the thickness of the protective layer of the steel bars;
5. The lashing threads are tied without leakage and the ties are bent inwards.
3. Steel sleeve connection sample:
Standards of practice:
1. The steel bars are cut with a toothless saw, and the end face is straight;
2. The steel bar sleeve is qualified, the steel bar thread processing has a full tooth shape, and there are no defects such as broken teeth and bald teeth. After the thread processing is completed, it should be protected by a protective cover;
3. Use a torque wrench to connect the sleeve, and the tightening torque value meets the specification requirements;
4. Check one by one, and paint if qualified marked.
Quality standards:
1. The ends of the steel bars should be perpendicular to the axis and must not be horseshoe-shaped or deflected;
2. The tightening torque value of the torque wrench must comply with the specification. Or design requirements, the accuracy of the torque wrench is ±15%;
3. After connection, no more than one complete wire should be exposed at each end;
4. Two interconnected steel ribs should be in a straight line.
(2) Template Engineering
1. Wooden template installation template:
Practice standards:
1. Template joints should not be Leakage of slurry; use hard joints;
2. Apply isolation agent before using the formwork;
3. The deviation of the formwork installation should comply with the specifications.
The latest practical information on "Model Guide"
Quality standards:
1. Fully check the seams of the templates and the application of isolation agent;
2. After the formwork is installed, check the allowable deviation of the formwork: the axis position is within 5mm; the cross-sectional size: +4mm to -5mm;
3. The allowable deviation of the height difference between adjacent formwork surfaces is within 2mm; surface flatness It cannot be larger than 5mm;
4. The roof formwork must be arched according to 1/1000~3/1000 of the span.
2. Support sample at the bottom of the formwork:
Standards of practice:
1. The steel pipe fasteners used must have quality certificates;
2. The specifications and spacing between the primary and secondary keels at the bottom of the formwork meet the design requirements;
3. The roof poles must be kept on the same straight line;
4. When supporting the poles, in order to prevent To crush the concrete on the lower floor, square wooden blocks must be placed at the bottom of the vertical pole;
5. Vertical poles and horizontal poles must meet the design requirements;
Quality standards:
1. All kinds of steel pipes are welded steel pipes with an outer diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3.5mm and have quality certificates;
2. The steel pipes used must not have defects such as deformation, open welding, cracks, etc. And undergo anti-rust treatment;
3. The fasteners used must be fully inspected, and there must be no defects such as pores, blisters, cracks, slip wires, etc. and must have a quality certificate;
4 . The distance between the bottom sweeping pole and the ground is generally controlled within 500mm, with an upper crossbar set on the upper part and a waist bar set in the middle to prevent the pole from becoming unstable;
5. According to the calculation results, when the span is large or the main beam In order to prevent local instability, scissor supports should be installed;
6. The bottom block of the vertical pole should be a short wooden square of 50mm×100mm, with a length greater than 20cm.
(3) Concrete Engineering
1. Reinforced concrete beam-column joint template:
Practice standards:
1. Structural concrete The strength grade must meet the design requirements;
2. The structural dimensions must be consistent with the design drawings and changes;
3. The test pieces used to check the concrete strength of structural components should be at the edge of the concrete. Pouring sites are randomly selected, and sampling and specimen retention should comply with specifications.
Quality standards:
1. The appearance of the concrete shall be free of quality problems such as exposed bars, honeycombs, holes, slag inclusions, looseness, cracks, appearance defects, etc.;
2 . Allowable deviation of structural dimensions: axis: 5mm; verticality: 8mm for ≤5m; 10mm for >5m; elevation: ±10mm; section size: +8mm, -5mm; surface flatness: 8mm.
2. Reinforced concrete shear wall template:
Practice standards:
1. The strength grade of structural concrete must meet the design requirements;
< p>2. The structural dimensions must be consistent with the design drawings and changes negotiated;3. The test specimens used to check the concrete strength of structural components should be randomly selected from the concrete pouring site, and the sampling and specimen retention should comply with specification.
Quality standards:
1. The appearance of the concrete shall be free of quality problems such as exposed bars, honeycombs, holes, slag inclusions, looseness, cracks, appearance defects, etc.;
2 . Allowable deviation of structural dimensions: axis: 5mm; verticality: ≤5m, allowable deviation 8mm; verticality >5m, allowable deviation 10mm; elevation: ±10mm; cross-sectional size: +8mm, -5mm; surface flatness: 8mm.
(4) Basement membrane waterproofing
Basement membrane waterproofing sample:
Practice standards:
1. Base layer treatment, coating Brush the base oil;
2. Set additional layers according to the specifications;
3. Spread the roll material;
4. The roll material is laid and pasted in time. The protective layer is poured to ensure the quality of the finished product.
Quality standards:
1. The base layer is firm, smooth, without floating dust, and the base oil is evenly applied without flowing or exposed bottom;
2. The width of the additional layer ≥50cm; set at the yin and yang corners and the tube root;
3. The overlapping length of the long and short sides of the coil is ≥10cm; the overlapping seam is tight, without wrinkles, warping and hollowing;
4. The thickness of the protective layer meets the design requirements.
(5) Masonry structure
1. Aerated concrete block wall sample:
Practice standards:
1. Masonry Before construction, all kinds of bricks need to be moistened with water in advance according to the corresponding requirements;
2. The elastic line controls the position of the masonry; the number rod is used to control the number of brick layers;
3. The mortar joints of the masonry are full, and the top inclined bricks are dense;
4. The bottom sill is built with fired ordinary bricks or porous bricks. The bottom sill of rooms with waterproofing requirements such as bathrooms and kitchens needs to be poured with concrete.
Quality standards:
1. Allowable deviation of masonry axis displacement: 10mm; allowable deviation of masonry verticality: 5mm; allowable deviation of surface flatness: 8mm;
< p>2. Mortar fullness: horizontal joints: ≥90%, vertical joints ≥80%;3. Mortar joint width: 8mm~12mm; pressurized steam block mortar joint: horizontal: 15mm; Vertical: 20mm;
4. The height of the sill should not be less than 200mm.
5. The wall tie bars extending into the wall should not be less than 1000mm.
2. Structural column template:
Practice standards:
1. The structural column retention position, steel bar specifications, spacing, etc. meet the design requirements;
2. Structural columns should be poured densely, and the strength should meet the specification requirements;
3. The brick masonry of structural columns should be equipped with horse-shaped wooden frame according to the specified requirements.
Quality standards:
1. The wall setback size at the position of the structural column is 6cm;
2. The formwork for supporting the structural column should be along the length of the horse-shaped beam. Double-sided tape should be pasted in position to prevent slurry leakage; for structural column formwork support, tie rods should be used to connect the structural columns, and holes in the masonry are prohibited;
3. There should be no exposed reinforcement or honeycomb hemp on the concrete surface of the structural columns. Surface and other quality defects.
3. Prefabricated lintel template:
Practice standards:
1. The length, cross-sectional size, steel bar specifications, spacing, etc. of the prefabricated lintel should meet the design requirements. ;
2. The prefabricated lintels should be poured densely and the strength meets the specification requirements;
3. The positioning of the lintels should be controlled during installation.
Quality standards:
1. Before installing the lintel, check whether its strength meets the design requirements;
2. When transporting the lintel, additional mounting plates should be added at both ends. Pads to prevent damage to components;
3. When installing lintels, use elastic lines at both ends of the lintel to control the positioning dimensions. The lengths of the support points at both ends should be consistent and meet the design requirements; "model guide" The latest practical information
4. When installing lintels and beam pads, their elevation, location and model must be accurate, and the ash must be full. If the ash thickness exceeds 2cm, pisolite concrete must be used as the pad.
(6) Key points for displaying the construction method area
Sample first:
1. Request the general contractor to build a construction method model area
2 , The general contractor is responsible for conducting construction method training for each labor team
3. The project company’s engineering department and supervision records and supervision
Construction method sample construction:?
Clear Key points of management and control;
Standardize the details of the node;
Implement after passing the acceptance by the project department, supervision unit and owner.
Construction method model training and clarification:
Conduct construction method model training clarification for each labor team entering the site;
Incorporate visual clarification;
( 7) Construction method sample area display
Process display: frame structure sample
Process description: The horizontal spacing of the scaffolding is 1100, and the distance from the beam edge is 300. The beam bottom scaffolding is equipped with anti-slip fasteners and the beam and column nodes are encrypted. Area length: 750. Long stirrups are set on the board with a spacing of 800.
Process display: Core tube support template
Process description: The size of the wooden cube is 50X100, and the spacing is not greater than 250. The horizontal spacing of screws is 450 and the vertical spacing of steel pipes is 600. In addition, pull screws are provided to reinforce the corners of the shear wall
Process demonstration: Stiff column structure sample
Process description: Encryption of beam-column nodes The area length is 900. The stiff column stirrups are made of eight-shaped wooden stirrups with a size of 50 , Exterior wall paint sample
Process description: Hang a net between different materials for plastering, and hang the net out of the boundary 100. The size of the gray cake is 50X50, and the distance between the gray cakes does not exceed 2m. The paint and thermal insulation are layered to ensure the visual effect< /p>
(8) Material sample area display
The display content includes: material name, specifications, brand, manufacturer, main technical parameters
The display content: stirrup sample, Sample hooks, electroslag pressure welding links, straight threaded sleeve connections, copper hot water pipes, stainless steel water supply pipes, wire box samples
The material storage yard is neatly planned and clearly classified
(9) Physical sample display
Reinforcement bar binding physical model: When the slab is made of double-layer steel bars, steel stirrups must be added between the two layers of steel bars to ensure the position of the upper steel bars and all intersection points of the upper steel bars are tied , negative bending moment steel bars must be tied at each intersection point. The protective layer at the bottom of the beam and the bottom of the slab is padded with finished mortar pads.
Concrete solid templates for beams, slabs and columns: Strictly control verticality and flatness to ensure visual quality
Masonry: Three pieces of solid bricks or core filling are required at the bottom of lightweight blocks Small hollow concrete blocks are used, double-sided tape is applied before the secondary structure is sealed to prevent mortar leakage, and the capping bricks are laid diagonally with full mortar. A complete collection of the latest practical information on "Model Guides"
Roof tile sample: Roof tiles are seamed together, and the mortar seams are required to be neat and uniform in size, and controlled within 8~10mm; 37.5px separation is set every 6m Fill the cracks with weather-resistant glue
Basement mechanical and electrical: The formal fire hydrant system in the basement is suppressed and watered in advance, and the Yonglin combined fire hydrant box is used during the decoration and installation stages
(10) Civilized on-site construction and Safety Protection
Through visual technical communication activities, Qingxiu Wanda and other construction sites have achieved tangible results. Nanning Urban and Rural Development Committee promotes visual technical explanations in the Qingxiu Wanda Plaza project, allowing workers to subtly develop good behavioral habits, have a clearer understanding of on-site work sequences and processes, reduce errors, and thereby improve construction quality:
1. Architectural Culture Corridor;
2. Beautiful construction site "Four Character Classic" mantra color pages and public service announcements;
3. Standard atlas, using local standardized practices A collection of photos of practical examples into a book;
4. Construction technology model room;
5. Technical briefing animation;
Fence protection doors should be installed at the entrance of the elevator shaft door , the protective door is a metal fence door with a height of not less than 1.2m. The fence gate is painted red and white. And set up a 200mm high foot plate at the lower part of the door, and paint it with red and white paint.
When there is no enclosure structure around the edge of the frame floor, two to three protective railings must be installed. The height of the railings shall not be less than 1.2m, the spacing between poles shall be 1.5m, and dense mesh safety nets shall be hung throughout.
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