Book title: Human Words Author: Wang Guowei
〖一〗Ci takes state as the top priority. If you have a state of mind, you will have your own high standards and famous sentences. The most unique poems of the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty are here.
〖Two〗 There is creating a scene, and there is a depicting the scene. This is the reason why the two schools of "ideal" and "realism" are divided. However, it is quite difficult to distinguish between the two. This is because the environment created by a great poet must be in line with nature, and the environment he writes must be close to the ideal.
〖Three〗There is a state of self, and there is a state of without me. "The flowers are silent with tears in my eyes, and the wild reds fly across the swing."
"It's so cold in spring when the lonely house is closed, and the sun is setting in the sound of cuckoos." It's my state. "Pick chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, and leisurely see the southern mountains." "The cold waves are rising, and the white birds are leisurely descending." This is the state of selflessness. In my state, I observe things with me, and all the old things have my color. In the state of selflessness, one observes things in terms of things, so one does not know who is me and what is a thing. The ancients wrote many poems about the state of self, but they have never been able to write about the state of selflessness. Here, the heroic people can establish their own ears.
〖Four〗The state of selflessness can only be found in silence. The realm of self is found when there is stillness due to movement. Therefore, an excellent thing
beautiful is also a magnificent thing.
〖五〗Things in nature are related to each other and restrict each other. However, when it is written in literature and art, it must
leave the limitations of its relationship. Therefore, although he is a realist, he is also an idealist. No matter how fictitious the environment is, its materials must be based on nature, and its structure must also follow the laws of nature. Therefore, although he is an idealist, he is also a realist.
〖VI〗The environment is not just scenery. Joy, anger, sorrow, and joy are also the realms in the human heart. Therefore, those who can depict real scenery and real feelings are said to have a realm. Otherwise, it is said to have no realm.
〖Seven〗 "The red apricot branches are bustling with spring", with the word "buoyant", the whole realm is revealed. "The clouds break through the moon and come to Hua Nong
The shadow", with the word "Nong", the realm is completely revealed.
〖Eight〗The realm has its own size, and it is not good or bad based on it. "The fish come out in the drizzle, and the swallows slant in the breeze." He Ruo
Not as good as "The setting sun shines on the big flag, the horse chirps in the wind." "The treasure curtain hangs with small silver hooks", He Rui is not as good as "The mist disappears" Tower,
Yue Mi Jin Ferry"?
〖Nine〗 Yan Canglang's "Shihua" said: "The princes in the prosperous Tang Dynasty are only interested in it. The antelope hangs its horns, and there is no trace to be found.
Therefore, its beauty is revealed. It is so clear and exquisite that it cannot be photographed together. It is like the sound in the air, the color in the picture, the shadow in the water, and the image in the mirror.
The words are endless but the meaning is endless. If so. However, Canglang's so-called "interest" and Ruan Ting's so-called "charm" are just the face of it; it would be better for me to use the word "realm" to explore its origin.
〖Ten〗Taibaichun wins with air. "The west wind is still shining, the mausoleum of the Han family", with only eight characters, is the entrance to the eternal climb
. In later generations, only Fan Wenzheng's "The Fisherman's Proud" and Xia Yinggong's "The Happy Migrant Orioles" were not enough to succeed Wu, but the atmosphere
was no longer enough.
〖Eleven〗Zhang Gaowen said that Feiqing's words were "deep and beautiful Hongyue", and I said that only Feng Zhengzhong was suitable for these four words.
Liu Rongzhai said that "Fei Qing is a very beautiful person", which is very different from others.
〖Twelve〗 "The Golden Partridge Paints the Screen" is also in Feiqing's language, and the quality of his words is similar to it. "The words of the oriole on the string" are also Duanji's words, and the quality of his words is also similar to them. If you want to find the right word quality in its words and sentences, then "Trying the Yanzhuang with Tears" is almost
closer?
〖Thirteen〗The main poem in the Southern Tang Dynasty: "The fragrance of lotus leaves is sold out, and the west wind is worried about the green waves." feel. It is the only one who appreciates it in ancient and modern times: "The drizzle dreams of returning to the chicken plug far away, the small building blows through the cold jade pipe." Therefore, I know that understanding people's integrity is not easy to come by.
〖Fourteen〗Wen Feiqing's words are beautiful in sentence; Wei Duanji's words are beautiful in bones; Li Chongguang's words are beautiful in spirit.
〖Fifteen〗When Li Houzhu came to his poems, his vision began to expand, his emotions became deeper, and he changed the poems of Ling Gong to the poems of scholar-bureaucrats.
Zhou Jie’s placement of Wen and Wei under his control can be described as confusing right and wrong. "It is natural that life grows and hates water as it flows eastward", "flowing water falls
When flowers go in spring, heaven and earth are gone", can "Jin Tsuen" and "Huan Hua" have such a scene?
〖Sixteen〗A poet is one who does not lose his innocent heart. Therefore, he was born in a deep palace and grew up in the hands of a woman.
This is the shortcoming of the later master as a ruler, which is also the strength of the poet.
〖Seventeen〗An objective poet must read more about the world. The deeper the reading, the richer and more varied the material will be.
The author of "Water Margin" and "Dream of Red Mansions" is also. A subjective poet does not need to read too much about the world. The shallower his knowledge of the world, the truer his temperament, as is the case with Empress Li.
〖Eighteen〗Nietzsche said: "All literature is written in blood." The lyrics of Emperor Daojun of the Song Dynasty's "Yanshan Pavilion" are also slightly similar. However, the Tao Lord is just a relative of his own life, and the later master is like Sakyamuni and Christ, who are responsible for the sins of mankind. Their sizes are certainly different.
〖Nineteen〗Although Feng Zhengzhong's poems have not lost the style of the Five Dynasties, the verandas are extremely large, which is the style of the Northern Song Dynasty. The last two subjects of "Huajian" and "Zhong" are outside the scope of "Huajian", so it is appropriate not to include any of their words in "Huajian Collection".
〖Twenty〗 In addition to "The Magpie Steps on the Branch" and "The Bodhisattva Man", the ten most prominent poems in the middle are such as "In the Drunken Flower Room"
"The magpie in the tall tree holds its nest, "The slanting moon shines brightly on the cold grass", I said that Wei Suzhou's "flowing fireflies cross the high pavilion", Meng Xiangyang's "sparse
raindrop sycamores" cannot pass.
〖21〗Oujiu's "Huanxisha" poem "Green Yanglou goes out to swing", Chao Bu said that there is only one word "out",
This is beyond the reach of future generations. I said that this version is based on the poem "Shangxing Cup" in the middle, "The swing outside the willow is painted on the wall", but the European language is especially Gong'er.
〖二二〗Mei Shengyu's poem "Su Mu Zhe": "The pear blossoms are gone in spring. The setting sun is all over the ground, the green color and smoke are old."
Liu Rongzhai said Shaoyou It seems that I have been studying this all my life. I said that Feng Zhengzhong's "Jade House Spring" poem: "Fangfei's succession continues,
Of course there are many feelings and there is no place to be satisfied. I respect all the ways to get the spring back, and don't hurt the spring eyebrows." Yong Shu It seems that I have been studying this all my life.
〖二三〗 It is known that He Jing's "Dian Ji Lip", Sheng Yu's "Su Muzhe" and Yong Shu's "Youth Travel" are three poems.
Spring grass has the unique tune, but I don't know First, there are five characters in the middle: "Drizzle, wet and flowing light", both of which can capture the soul of spring grass.
〖24〗 "Poetry·Jianjia" is the most profound. Uncle Yan Tong said, "Last night the west wind withered the green trees. I went up to the tall building alone and looked at the end of the world." The meaning is quite close. But when it falls, it becomes tragic.
〖Twenty-five〗 "I look in all directions, wandering around." The poet is worried. "Last night the west wind withered the green trees.
I climbed up to the tall building alone and looked at the end of the world." "I drive around all day without seeing anything." The poet is worried about the world.
"There are hundreds of grasses and thousands of flowers on the cold food road. Whose tree is the incense car tied to?"
〖Twenty-six〗Those who achieve great careers and great knowledge in ancient and modern times must pass through three realms. "Last night the west wind withered the green trees. I climbed up to the tall building alone and looked at the end of the world." This is the first scene. "The belt becomes wider and wider, but I don't regret it in the end, because I disappear and make people feel haggard", this is the second state. "The crowd searched for him thousands of times, and when I turned around, I suddenly saw that man in a dimly lit place." This is the third realm. None of these words can be said by a great poet. However, if you suddenly interpret the words in this way, you may not be allowed by Yan and Ou.
〖Twenty-seven〗Uncle Yong: "There is love and infatuation in the world, and this hatred has nothing to do with the wind and the moon." ", there is calmness in the boldness, so it is particularly tall.
〖Twenty-eight〗Feng Menghua's "Sixty-one Poems of the Song Dynasty: Preface" said: "Huaihai and Xiaoshan are the sad people in ancient times.
They all have a taste for their plain language. , The simple words are all relevant." I said that only Huaihai is worthy of it. The hills are more than noble, but
they can be used to drive wildly and return home, but they are not enough to compete with the Huaihai Sea.
〖Twenty-nine〗Shaoyou’s poems are the most poignant. When it comes to "It's so cold in spring when the solitary pavilion is closed, and the sun sets at dusk amid the sound of cuckoos." It becomes
and sad and shrill. Dongpo appreciated the next two words, which were still superficial.
〖Thirty〗 "The wind and rain are like darkness, and the cockcrow is endless." "The clouds are falling and the sky is falling", "the trees are all autumn colors, and the mountains are all shining", "it is worth the solitary pavilion being closed
It is cold in spring, the sun is setting in the evening with the sound of cuckoos", the weather conditions are all similar.
〖三一〗Prince Zhaoming said that Tao Yuanming's poems are "ups and downs, brilliant, unique and superior to others. It is upbeat and hearty, nothing like Beijing."
Wang Wugong said that Xue Shou's poem "has a wonderful rhyme and a mysterious meaning. It is so rugged and desolate that it is really indescribable." There are only a few of these two kinds of weather in the poem. The former is only the east slope, and the latter is only the white stone. There are only one or two ears.
〖三二〗The elegance and Zheng of the poem lie in the spirit but not the appearance. Although Yongshu and Shaoyou made erotic remarks, they still had character. The beauty of Fang
is the difference between a lady and a prostitute.
〖三三〗The beauty is not as profound as that of Europe and Qin. Only the words, emotions and objects are extremely skillful, so he can be regarded as the first author. But I hate that there are many creative talents and few creative talents.
Don’t use substitute words for the words "三四". Meicheng's "Osmanthus flowing tiles" in "Jie Yuhua" are extremely wonderful. It is a pity to use the word "Guihua" to replace the "moon" ear. Below Meng Chuang, more pronouns are used. The reason for this is not that the meaning is insufficient, but that the words are not good. If the meaning is sufficient, there will be no time to do it; if the words are wonderful, there will be no need to do it. The "small buildings and gardens" and "embroidered hubs
carved saddles" of this little trip were ridiculed by Dongpo.
〖三五〗 Shen Boshi's "Yuefu Zhimi" says: "When talking about peaches, you cannot directly talk about broken peaches. You must use the words 'Hongyu',
'Liu Lang' and other words. "Yong Liu Lang" Don't say "Po Liu" directly, you must use the words "Zhangtai", "Ba'an", etc." If you are afraid of others, you don't need to use substitute characters. If you take this as a work, then the ancient and modern writing tools are there, and how can you use words? It is appropriate for it to be ridiculed by "Summary".
〖三六〗Meicheng's "Sapphire Case" lyrics: "The first sun shines on the leaves and the rain lasts. The water surface is clear and round, and the wind lifts each one."
"
This is the person who can really grasp the divine principle of lotus. Jue Baishi's two poems "Nian Nujiao" and "Xi Hongyi" still have the hatred of looking at flowers through the fog.
〖Sanqi 〗Dongpo's "Shuilongyin·Ode to Yanghua" has a harmonious rhyme and is similar to the original sung. Zhang Zhifu's lyrics are similar to the original sung.
This is why talent cannot be strong.
< p>〖三八〗 Dongpo's "Shuilongyin" is the most accomplished, followed by Bangqing's "Shuangshuangyan"Shi's "Secret Fragrance" and "Sparse Shadows". , although the style is high, there is not a single sentence that says, "A tree by the river has its hair hanging down"
How about such a sentence?
〖三九〗Bai Shi's landscape painting. , such as "Twenty-four bridges are still there, the waves are swaying, the cold moon is silent", "Counting the peaks
Plain and bitter, Shang Lue evening rain", "The tall trees are late and the cicadas are telling the news of the west wind", although the style is The rhyme is exquisite, but it is like looking at flowers in the fog.
The disease of Meixi and Mengchuang's scenery is all in the word "separation".
Is there really any luck in this?
〖Forty〗 asked about the difference between "separation" and "no separation", saying: Tao and Xie's poems are not separated, Yan. The years are slightly different.
The poems on Dongpo are not different, but the valley is slightly different. The beauty of two lines such as "Spring grass grows in the pond" and "The swallows fall in the empty beams"
< p>The same is true for words, that is, one word is used, such as the first half of Ouyang Gong's "Youth Tour·Wing Chun Cao":"Langgan Twelve is alone with spring, clear green." Far away from the clouds. Thousands of miles away, in February and March, my journey is miserable. "The words are all
At present, there is no separation. As for "On the Xiejia Pond, beside the river flooded by the Pu", there is no separation. Baishi's "Yin of Cuilou":
"Here, it is appropriate to have a Ci Immortal, supporting Suyun Huanghe, playing games with you. Gaze at the jade ladder for a long time, sighing at the lush green grass thousands of miles away. "
That is, there is no separation. When it comes to "wine clears away sorrow, and flowers eliminate heroic spirit", there is separation. However, although the Southern Song Dynasty poetry is not separated, it is better than those before it.
It has its own There is a difference between shallowness, depth, and thickness.
〖四一〗 “If you are less than a hundred years old, you will always worry about a thousand years old. The days are short and the nights are long, why not travel by candlelight? "" Taking it
Asking for gods and goddesses is mostly caused by medicine. It is better to drink fine wine and be submissive. "If you write like this, there will be no separation."
Under the chrysanthemum fence in the east, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountain air is getting better day by day and the birds are flying back and forth. "The sky is like a dome, covering the four fields."
The sky is blue and the fields are vast. Cows and sheep can be seen in the windblown grass. "If you describe the scenery like this, there will be no separation.
〖四二〗The personality of ancient and modern poems is as high as that of Bai Shi. It is a pity that no effort is put into the artistic conception, so I feel that there is nothing to say.
The flavor and sound beyond the strings cannot be compared with the first-rate writers.
〖Four San〗The poets of the Southern Song Dynasty, Baishi has style but is ruthless, while Jiannan is energetic but lacks rhyme. People from the Northern Song Dynasty are the only ones who can learn from the Northern Song Dynasty, but those from the Northern Song Dynasty cannot learn from the Southern Song Dynasty. Zu Baishi, then Zu Mengchuang, you can learn from Baishi and Mengchuang, but you can't learn from You'an. Those who learn from You'an take the lead.
It's rough and funny, it's good to learn from it. There is no place to learn. The best thing about being young is to have a temperament and a realm. Even in terms of weather theory, there is also the concept of "beside the waves and the blue clouds", which can be imitated by the dirty little people in the future. ?
〖Four Four〗Dongpo's Ci is vast, and Jiaxuan's Ci is arrogant. If you don't have the mind to learn his Ci, it's like Dong Shi's Xiao Ping.
〖Four and Five〗When reading Dongpo and Jiaxuan's poems, one must observe their elegance and magnificence, with the style of Boyi and Liuxiahui. Although Baishi
is like a cicada shedding dust, it is inevitable.
〖Four-six〗Su, Xin, the white stone still looks like a dream.
Zhonglu. Generations have different faces, but they just want to return to their hometown.
〖Four Seven〗 Jiaxuan drank until the end of the Mid-Autumn Festival, and wrote "Magnolia Slow" in the style of "Tian Wen" to send the moon, saying: "Yes
I have pity on the moon today, where are you going? It's a different world, only seen over there, the scenery is east. "The poet imagined that
he directly understood the principle of the moon's orbit around the earth, and was closely connected with scientists, which can be called spiritual enlightenment.
〖48〗 Zhou Jiecun said that "the happiness in Meixi's poems Using the word 'steal' is enough to define his character. "Liu Rongzhai said
"Zhou's decree was turbulent and history's will was greedy. "These two words make people understand.
〖Four-nine〗Jie Cun is the best poet in Mengchuang Ci, such as "Shui Guang Yun Ying, swaying green waves, admiring the infinite, searching desperately
Already far away. "In Yu's "Dream Window A, B, B and D Manuscripts", there is really no such thing as this. If there is, there are two words in the sentence "People across the river are in the sound of rain
, the evening wind leaves the wild rice leaves causing autumn resentment"? < /p>
〖Fifty〗I have to take one of the words from the poem to comment on the poem "Dream Window", which is: "The window reflecting the dream is messy and green. "
Regarding Yutian's poem, Yu De took one of the words from the poem to comment on it, saying: "Yulao Tian is desolate. "
〖May Day〗 "The bright moon shines on the snow", "The river flows day and night", "The bright moon hangs in the sky", "The sunset on the Yellow River
is round", this kind of state can be described as Spectacular through the ages. Looking for words, only Nalan Rongruo's works, such as "Thousands of Tents of Lights in the Deep Night" in "Song of Love" and "Ten Thousand Tents of Houses" in "Like a Dream" Drunk, the star shadow is crumbling." It's close.
〖五二〗Nalan Rongruo observes things with natural eyes and expresses emotions with natural tongue. Since he first entered the Central Plains, he has not been infected with the customs of the Han people, so he can really do this. Since the Northern Song Dynasty, there has only been one person.
〖五三〗 Lu Fangweng's postscript "Flower Room Collection" said: "In the Tang and Five Dynasties, poetry became more and more humble, and those who relied on sound often simplified the ancients.
Cute. You can do one thing but not the other. , it is impossible to reason about it. ""Summary" refuted it, saying: "If you can lift seventy catties, you will collapse if you lift one hundred catties, and if you lift fifty catties, you will be able to carry it away easily." Very discerning. However, the predicate must be easy to write poetry, but I dare not believe it.
Shanhu Chen Wozi said: "People in the Song Dynasty did not know poetry but were forced to compose poetry, so there was no poetry in the Song Dynasty. However, its happiness and sorrow
caused it to move. What cannot be suppressed in the middle is similar to the rest of the poem, so it is unique. "This is why the Ci of the Five Dynasties is unique.
〖五四〗The four-character poem "Chu Ci" is now in ruins, the "Chu Song" is in ruins in five words, and the five-word poem is in ruins in seven words. Ancient poems are in ruins.
There is a perfect law, a perfect law and a perfect word. Gai's literary style has been popular for a long time, and it has become a common practice. It is also difficult for a heroic person to come up with new ideas, so he escapes and becomes another body to liberate himself. The reason why all literary styles rise and fall is because of this. Therefore, I don’t dare to believe that literature in the future is not as good as before. But as far as the theory of unity is concerned, this statement cannot be easily explained.
〖五五〗Three hundred and nineteen poems, as well as poems from the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty, are all untitled, but they are not without titles. The meaning of the poems
cannot be expressed in terms of All the questions. Since "Hua'an" and "Thatched Cottage", each tune has been given a title, and the untitled poems of the ancients have also been used as titles. It's like looking at a beautiful landscape and saying that there is such a mountain and such a river, is that right? The poem has a title, but the poem dies; the words have a title, but the words dies. However, few people with Chinese talents can know this and stand up for themselves.
〖五六〗Everyone’s work must be captivating in its words and descriptions of scenes. His words came out of his mouth
without any pretense. What you see is true and what you know is profound. The same is true for poetry. The author who insists on this to balance the past and the present
can make no big mistake.
〖五七〗If a person can refrain from using verses for beauty, refraining from using official sentences, or using whitewashing words in his poems, then he is halfway through the process. That’s it.
〖五八〗With the brilliance of "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", the only thing that can be done is "Xiaoyu Shuangcheng".
It is also. If Meicun sings and sings, it will not be done without official duties. The advantages and disadvantages of Bai and Wu can be seen here. This is true not only for poetry writers, but also for lyricists.
〖五九〗 In the modern poetry system, the five or seven character quatrains are the most respected, followed by rhymed verses, and the lowest ranked rhymes. This style has nothing to do with conveying interest and romance, except for the rhyme parallel style. The small lines in the poem are like quatrains, and the long lines are like rhymed poems. If the long lines such as "Hundred Character Order" and "Qinyuan Chun" are used, they are close to regular verses.
〖Sixty〗 When it comes to the universe and life, the poet must be inside it, but also outside it. Enter it, so you can write it
. It is outside of it, so it can be observed. It enters it, so it is alive. It is beyond the ordinary, so it is noble. Meicheng can enter but cannot exit. Since Baishi descended, I have never dreamed of these two things.
〖61〗The poet must have the intention of despising foreign objects, so he can live as a slave to the wind and the moon. There must also be a sense of attaching importance to external things,
So it can be a joy and sorrow with flowers and plants.
〖62〗 "In the past, I was a housewife, but now I am a slut. A slut will never come home, and it is difficult to stay alone in an empty bed." "Why not
Practice a wise man, To seize the main road first? If you do nothing, you will be poor and humble for a long time, and you will suffer hardship for a long time. "It can be said that it is extremely despicable. However, those who regard it as
obscene words and despicable words should be regarded as true. The same is true for the great poets of the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty. It is not without obscene words, but readers find them
kind and moving. It's not that I don't have any bad words, but I feel that he is full of energy. It can be seen that the disease of obscene and despicable words is not a disease of obscenity and despicable words, but a disease of wandering words. "Don't you think about it, the room is far away." Confucius said: "I haven't thought about it yet, why is it so far away?"
I hate traveling.
〖Six Three〗 "Withered vines and old trees are dimly lit by crows. Small bridges are flowing with sand on the level. The west wind is blowing on the ancient road and the horses are thin. The sun is setting in the west. Heartbroken
People are at the end of the world." This Yuan people and horses Dongli's "Tianjingsha" is also a small order. These few words capture the wonderful quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.
None of the poets of the Yuan Dynasty could do this.
〖June 4th〗 Bai Renfu's "Autumn Night Wutong Rain" drama, Shen Xiong's tragic and heroic, is the crown of Yuan opera. However, the "Sounds of Heaven
Ci" is so superficial that it is not enough to be a slave of Jiaxuan.
Is it true that it is easy to create but difficult to create? Everyone has his or her own abilities
Can’t you? Readers' appreciation of European and Qin poetry is far inferior to that of Ci, which is enough to reveal the message