(A) Handan toddler
This story tells that during the Warring States period, a young man guarding the tomb of Yan State went to Handan, the capital of Zhao State. When he saw the graceful walking posture of Handan people, he began to learn. As a result, he not only failed to learn well, but also forgot his original walking method and had to climb back to his hometown. Later, this story evolved into an idiom-Handan toddler, which means imitating others and not going home, but losing their original skills.
This is a widely circulated story. For a time, I often went to Handan. When my colleagues saw me, they joked and said, Look, you can't walk again. Did you go to Handan again? It seems that this is a story known to all women and children. It is a good thing to spread widely, but more importantly, we can't ignore the enlightenment of this story today. Nowadays, no matter the economic development or people's life, there is a serious tendency to copy the west and ignore their own characteristics, and the result is neither fish nor fowl.
There is a baby bridge in the center of Handan. It is said that Yan juvenile is learning to walk in Handan, which is here. The existing stone bridge was built in the Ming Dynasty, and now it is closed to traffic. Around the stone bridge, a citizens' leisure and entertainment square was built, and the stories of children were carved into sculptures to educate future generations. There are many inscriptions on the square, telling the history of Handan, and an irregular sculpture with idioms related to Handan engraved on it, which is entertaining and entertaining.
(2) offer a humble apology
On the street not far from the railway station in the old city of Handan, there is a short alley-Guixiang, which is a narrow lane for Lin Xiangru to avoid Lian Po. Nowadays, many antique buildings have been built here, and the alley exists in name only, and the antique style has been completely lost, but a stone tablet has been set up in the alley, telling the story of offering a humble apology.
This is a story that was once selected as a middle school textbook. During the Warring States Period, Lin Xiangru, a civil servant of Zhao, made a plan to resist the enemy of Qin, so that his priceless jade returned to Zhao intact, and went to Mianchi to argue with the king of Qin in order to safeguard national dignity, and was named Shangqing, above General Lian Po. Lian Po, a veteran who has repeatedly made meritorious military service, refused to accept it and threatened to be humiliated when he saw Lin Xiangru. When two people met in a narrow lane in a carriage, Lin Xiangru took the tail from wagging the dog and let his carriage leave the narrow lane to avoid Lian Po. Lian Po was deeply moved, so Lian Po went to Lin Xiangru's house with Vitex negundo. From then on, the two became friends of life and death, and Zhao was peaceful and the country was greatly boosted. This story also quickly evolved into an idiom, saying that you have the courage to admit your mistakes and sincerely accept the punishment of the other party. It is human nature to make mistakes. If you have the courage to admit your mistakes and accept punishment, you can get forgiveness and respect from others. This is a widely used idiom.
The area around Huichexiang is the old city of Handan, where there are many old houses and several deep houses, which were the compound of Handan municipal government organs during the Republic of China. Today, ordinary people live there. Although the house is old, the folk customs are still chivalrous. That day, I was wandering around the old street with my camera on my back. A middle-aged worker volunteered to show me around. Under his guidance, I saw the remains of the ancient city wall in Handan, the compound of the tax bureau and machinery bureau of Handan government during the Republic of China, and a humble land temple. The people in the old street are very comfortable. The students after school are laughing and slapping. There are no roaring cars, and occasionally there are hawkers' cries, as if it were a lifetime ago. However, the roar of demolishing bulldozers has been faintly heard, and I don't know how long this tranquility can be guarded.
(3) An absurd person's dream
This story has nothing to do with the Warring States, but it happened in Handan. It is said that in ancient times, a scholar named Lu went to Beijing to catch the exam and passed by the shop in Handan. He was down and out, frustrated, and lamented alone. He happened to meet Lv Dongbin who was passing by. Seeing this, he planned to enlighten him, so he gave him a porcelain pillow. After sleeping with a pillow, Lu Sheng began to dream that he married a beautiful woman from a rich family and was admitted to a scholar in Beijing. Then he made contributions everywhere and became prime minister. Dreaming of death, Lu Sheng woke up with a start and saw that the owner's yellow rice was not ripe.
This story originated from the legendary novel Pillow Story by Shen Jiji in Tang Dynasty. Later, both Tang Xianzu and Pu Songling explained this story, among which Lu Xian was later interpreted as Lv Dongbin. Now people use this idiom to describe an unrealistic and unattainable dream. But in my opinion, the author's original intention is to describe the wonderful and ups and downs that people may experience in their lives through a dream, and to express the negative and world-weary view of life as a dream. At the end of the story, it is said that after Lu Sheng woke up from his dream, he fully understood life and went to preach with Lv Dongbin.
Later generations built the Lv Xian Temple in Lu Sheng's Dream Shop. The earliest surviving relic is the Ming Dynasty stone carving on the facade wall. According to legend, the four characters of the stone carving "Penglai Wonderland" are Lv Dongbin's calligraphy, which is vigorous and free-spirited. Other halls, such as Zhongli Hall, Lvzu Hall and Lusheng Hall, have also been rebuilt recently.
In Lv Xian Miaodong Campus, there is a dream-themed museum. Ancient books and legendary "dreams", such as Zhuangzi's Dream Butterfly, Dream of Red Mansions and Conan's Dream, are all displayed in the form of paintings and explanations, which are vivid and interesting, as if they have entered the dream world, especially the paintings drawn by Chinese painting techniques are of high standard. If a comic book shows its contents when it is published, it will be popular.
(4) Khufu riding and shooting
I don't think the story of "Khufu riding and shooting" is an idiom. At best, it can only be an allusion. This allusion warns people not to rest on their laurels, but to learn from others and be brave in reform. For us in the process of social change, it has a more important warning role.
King Wuling of Zhao is an energetic monarch of Zhao. In the military friction with the surrounding conference semifinals, he found that the conference semifinals' shorts were very flexible in riding, so he advocated wearing conference semifinals' clothes and learning the fighting methods of conference semifinals' riding and shooting. To this end, he pushed aside the crowd, took the lead in putting on Hu clothes, learning to ride horses, practicing archery, and training himself, which made Zhao's military strength stronger and stronger, repelled the Hu people, wiped out Zhongshan, and became one of the "Seven Heroes of the Warring States".
Legend has it that Chajianling in the west of Handan City is the place where King Wuling of Zhao practiced "riding and shooting with khufu" and trained foot soldiers, and Congtai in Congtai Park in Handan City is the place where King Wuling of Zhao reviewed the army. Today, Congtai has become a landmark building in Handan. Many goods are named after Congtai, and the locals even gave me a bottle of Congtai wine.
In addition to reviewing and training, the cluster platform of "flowing east and purple gas coming from the west" is also a place for princes to rest and entertain. It is quite famous and has been built and abandoned repeatedly in history. The present main building was left over from Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty. Many great writers in history, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Guo Moruo. And Qianlong all praised the stage, which is a cultural relic. Now, Congtai Park has been built here, which has become a place for ordinary people to rest and entertain.
History and culture of Handan
Handan is a "national historical and cultural city". As early as 8,000 years ago, the ancestors of Cishan in the early Neolithic Age flourished here. In the long historical process of Handan, profound historical culture has been nurtured and accumulated, which is the precious spiritual wealth left by our ancestors to future generations. The history of more than 8,000 years has created the top ten cultural contexts of Handan. Zhao culture, represented by riding and shooting, has the basic connotation of openness, enterprising and tolerance, which embodies Zhao's spirit of reform and innovation when competing for the Central Plains. She is one of the sources of ancient culture in China, the crystallization of the intersection, integration and sublimation of China culture and northern grassland nomadic culture, which has the duality of China culture in the Central Plains and northern grassland culture, and reflects the process of ethnic conflict and integration in the northern region. She is profound and charming, and is the representative of Handan regional culture. Zhao culture originated in autumn, flourished in the Warring States and continued in the Han Dynasty. It has been flowing in the long river of history, forming its own unique charm. Developed handicrafts such as iron smelting, copper making and pottery making have emerged here, which has formed a prosperous urban commercial trade, nurtured a generation of academic masters such as Xunzi, Gongsun Long and Shen Dao, and emerged a number of heroes such as King Wuling of Zhao, Lian Po, Lin Xiangru and Zhao She. Together with Yan culture, it constitutes the general picture of ancient northern culture in China. The mainstream connotation of Zhao culture is "pioneering and enterprising, competitive and enterprising, eclectic, reform and innovation", and the thoughts of people-oriented, recruiting talents, unity and courage to serve the country are still of great practical significance to our emancipation of the mind and reform and opening up today. Magnetic mountain culture and magnetic mountain culture are the archaeological cultures of the Neolithic Age in China, and they are typical representatives of the primitive farming culture characterized by millet farming and settlement life in China. It shows the spirit of human struggle to use and integrate with nature, and is named after the site of Cishan, which first appeared in Wu 'an. Through scientific determination, it has a history of more than 8000 years. 1976 archaeological excavations began, and more than 5,000 pieces of pottery, stone tools, bones and mussels were unearthed, as well as a large number of animal and plant specimens such as livestock and poultry and walnuts. About 6.5438+10,000 kilograms of carbonized millet were also found. Cishan is recognized as the earliest birthplace of grain crops-millet in the world, and also the earliest discovery place of China chicken and Central Plains walnut. The three discoveries of crops "millet" (millet), domestic chicken and walnut (walnut) not only reflect the great contribution made by the ancestors of Cishan to human survival and development in the process of understanding, utilizing and transforming nature, but also rewrite the history of millet farming, domestic chicken domestication and walnut producing areas in China and even the world. Household appliances characterized by ceramic flat-bottomed pots and bird-head legs, farming and threshing tools characterized by stone axes, shovels, millstones and grinding rods, grain pits characterized by rectangular pits, sacrificial relics characterized by pottery and stone tools, etc. , constitutes the unique and rich connotation of magnetic mountain culture. Magnetic mountain culture, known as the "treasure of China", is a major breakthrough in China's Neolithic archaeology. The Nu Wa Palace on the ancient Huangshan Mountain in Shexian County, where Nu Wa culture is located, is said to be the place where the Chinese ancestor Nu Wa "refined stones to make up the sky and made people from the earth". The Wa Palace is named after this. Because Nu Wa made man out of the earth and was the creator of mankind, she was honored as the "Chinese Ancestral Temple" by the world. The tile palace is built on the mountain, with a high attic and ingenious structure. Known as one of the top ten wonders of ancient buildings in Hebei. Judging from the grottoes and cliff stone carvings excavated in Wagong, it was built in Tianbao period of Northern Qi Dynasty, with a history of 1450 years, and then it was expanded and repaired one after another, gradually forming today's scale. According to legend, the 15th day of the third lunar month is the birth day of Nu Wa. Whenever the Wadi Temple Fair is held at this time, tourists from several neighboring provinces gather here to worship Nuwa. For thousands of years, the folk customs, folk beliefs and myths and legends spread here have formed a rich mysterious culture, which is well-known in the Central Plains. The culture of Nuwa, represented by Wagong, shows the indomitable spirit of the mother snail to fight against nature, transform nature and benefit the people in the wild world, and shows the national spirit of the Chinese nation to constantly strive for self-improvement. Shexian County was named "the hometown of Nuwa culture in China" by China Folk Artists Association. Cao An culture, located in the southwest of Linzhang County, was the political, economic and military cultural center of northern China from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties. During the 400 years from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the unification of the Sui Dynasty, it was a famous ancient capital in the north, and Cao Wei, Hou Zhao, Yan Qian, Eastern Wei and Northern Qi successively established their capitals here. During the Warring States Period, Ximen Bao was famous all over the world for its rule, and the splendid "Jian 'an Literature" was born at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cao Cao, a famous politician, strategist and poet, gathered in Yecheng the "people under Ye" with Cao Zhi's father and son and seven sons of Jian 'an as the main body. His poetry and prose are bold and unconstrained, and his creative style is vigorous and lyrical, leaving a large number of literary works of Ci and Fu, which occupies an extremely important position in China's cultural treasure house. Located in Yecheng, north of the Yellow River, there are 100 tombs of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty and numerous temple sites scattered on the banks of the Zhanghe River, describing its past glory. The architectural pattern of Tongque Santai and Yecheng has a great influence on the capital buildings of Chang 'an Capital, Yuandadu (Beijing City), Nara City of Japan and even later generations. Jian 'an culture based on Yecheng is the cradle of Jian 'an literature, the crystallization of national integration and a miracle in the cultural history of China. The Northern Qi grottoes culture, represented by Xiangtangshan Grottoes and Wagong Grottoes, is a treasure of Buddhist sculpture art in China, where there is the world's largest cliff stone carving scroll group, representing the highest achievement of the development of Buddhism in the Northern Dynasties. Xiangtangshan Grottoes are the largest Buddhist grottoes in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and the fifth largest grottoes in China after Yungang, Longmen, Dunhuang and Maijishan. It is also a treasure of Buddhist sculpture art in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Founded in the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was excavated in Sui, Tang, Song and Ming Dynasties. There are large and small caves 16 and more than 4300 statues. On the one hand, it is the historical embodiment of the process of mutual integration of Chinese and Western cultures, on the other hand, it is the historical witness of the mutual infiltration of North and South cultures, and it is an important link in the process of China-oriented Buddhist sculpture art in China. There are 6 Buddhist scriptures in the Northern Qi Dynasty in Wagong Grottoes, with a total of about130,000 words. It is the largest and most complete cliff carving site in China. It is an important material for studying the history of Buddhism in China and sorting out the historical records of Buddhism in China. It is also a masterpiece of calligraphy art in the Northern Dynasties. The dream culture, represented by the famous "Dream of a pillow with a bright yellow light" and the ancient architectural complex of Lv Xian Temple in Huang Liang, contains profound China philosophy and shows the Chinese nation's yearning and persistent pursuit of beautiful things.
Hometown Handan scenic spots and historical sites
The ancient city of Handan, Zhao * is in Handan. After 8 kings, a total of 158 years, Handan has always been the capital of Zhao; Han Dynasty is one of the five major cities. The old city of Handan consists of Zhao Wangcheng and Dabei City. Zhaowangcheng is located in the southwest of the city, about 4 kilometers away from the city center. It is the site of Zhaodu Miyagi, which is divided into three cities: east, west and north. The plane is zigzag, with a total area of 51.2000 square meters. The site is adjacent to Hezhu River in the north, and is located in the remaining vein of Taihang Mountain. The earthen ruins are 3-8 meters high, winding and undulating, and imposing. There are large rammed earth platforms with neat layout on the inner surface of the city, such as Longtai, Beijiangtai and Nanjiangtai. There are also large rammed earth-based sites underground. Longtai is the largest, with a width of 265 meters from east to west, a length of 285 meters from north to south and a height of 19 meters. It was the base site of the main palace at that time, showing the basic features of urban architecture in the early feudal society of China.
Congtai is in Handan city. According to legend, King Wuling of Zhao (reigned from 325 to 299) was built for military parade and song and dance during the Warring States Period. Formerly known as Wulingtai, you can see the ancient city, pavilions, lakes and mountains. There is a small lake in the west of Taiwan. There are pavilions and famous pavilions in the middle of the lake, named after the generals of the Warring States. There is the Seven Sages Temple in Taipei, which contains statues of Han Biao, Cheng Ying, Gong Sun, Lin Xiangru, Lian Po, Zhao She and Li Mu. Now Congtai has been expanded into Congtai Park.
The toddler bridge is located in Handan City, which spans the Qinhe River from north to south. According to documents, it was originally a wooden bridge, but it was changed into a stone arch bridge in the 45th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (16 17). It is 35 meters long, 8.3 meters wide and 4 meters high. The name of the bridge was published in "Zhuangzi Qiushui", saying that during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people in Handan walked beautifully, and young people guarding the mausoleum in the State of Yan all learned to walk. Not only did they not learn Zhao's footwork, but they also forgot their own footwork. They couldn't walk any further and had to climb back.
Guixiang, also known as Lin Xiangru Guixiang, is located in congtai district.
Zuo Quan's Tomb is located in Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan Martyrs Cemetery. Zuo Quan (1905- 1942) was born in Liling, Hunan. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression served as deputy chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army. 1On May 25th, 942, he died heroically in the anti-mopping-up battle in Nan 'aipu Cross Ridge, Liao County (now Zuoquan County), Shanxi Province, and was buried in Shimen Village, Shexian County. 1950101February 2 1 Buried in Handan.
Xiangtang Temple Grottoes are located in Fengfeng Mining Area, Handan City. Divided into two caves, north and south. Grottoes are famous for their exquisite stone carvings. Hecundong Grottoes were founded in the Northern Qi Dynasty. At that time, there were two political centers in Beiqi, one was Yedu (now Linzhang County) and the other was Jinyang (now Taiyuan City). Xiang tang is located in the only pass between the two Beijing cities, with beautiful mountains and rivers and beautiful scenery. During the Northern Qi Dynasty, Wen Xuandi Levin built palaces, caves and temples here. After the Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there were additions and revisions. It is a precious heritage of ancient architecture, sculpture, calligraphy and painting in China.
Xiangtangsi
Beixiangtang Temple Grottoes are located in Gushanyao and Cundong, Fengfeng Mining Area, Handan City. The mountains are high and steep, and there are many cliffs. Grottoes are built on the mountain wall and divided into three groups: south, north and middle. Each group has a big hole. Nine holes in all. In the middle group, there is a pavilion in front of the Sakyamuni Buddha cave, and a tall king is carved on both sides of the cave. The width of the Giant Buddha Cave is13.3m and the depth is12.5m.. The Buddha sitting on the altar is nearly 4 meters high, with plump muscles and soft lines. Although his face has been eroded by thousands of years of wind, it is still round and smooth. The inner and outer walls of the cave are covered with scriptures, and there are stone tablets beside them. This paper records the process of writing four classics, such as Vimalakīrti Jing, in Tang Yong from the fourth year of Tiantong in Northern Qi Dynasty to the third year of Wuping (568-572). This pen is sharp and strong.
Exterior view of Cave 7 of Nanxiangtang Grottoes. Cave No.7 was carved in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and there is a gorgeous imitation wood building cave in front of it, which shows that it is a cave with distinctive characteristics of the times.
Heilongdong is located on the Fuyang River at the northern foot of Shenqi Mountain in Fengfeng Mining Area, Handan City. Also known as Longdong Zhuquan. The cave is deep and there is a deep pool below. Its color is dark green, and clear water gushes from cracks in rocks, so it is called Longquan. At the intersection of Gushan and Guangshengquan, Fuyang Spring and Bazizhang, it is the birthplace of Fuyang River. In other words, the spring water rises from the sand, like boiling water in a kettle, hence its name, Fuyang because it is located in the southern section of Gushan (a Busan). The mountains in front of the cave are green, the rivers and willows are shaded, and the halls and pavilions are looming.
Wu 'an City
The stupa is at the east gate of Wu 'an. Brick octagonal thirteen floors, 40 meters high. This tower is beautifully shaped and beautiful in appearance. The tower was built in the Northern Song Dynasty and has been repaired in all previous dynasties.
The site of Cishan * is located on the platform of Heminghe River about 1 km southeast of Cishan Town, Wu 'an City. The area is about 6.5438+0.3 million square meters. This is an early Neolithic cultural site, about 7500 years ago. There are rectangular straight wall pits, combined appliance pits, and circular semi-basement houses. The grain in the cellar was identified as millet. Unearthed cultural relics include a large number of handmade pottery, stone tools and bone utensils. The skeleton of Cishan domestic chicken is the earliest domestic chicken found in the world so far. The early Neolithic site in North China, represented by it, was named "magnetic mountain culture".
1978 unearthed magnetic mountain cultural stone millstones and rods.
Dingjinyan Changuo Temple is located in the east of Sigou Village, Huoshui Town, Wu 'an City. Founded in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, it was rebuilt in the Tiancheng period of the later Tang Dynasty (926-930), and was repaired and built many times in the later dynasties. Located in the canyon, the east, south and north are cliffs. Wulongqiao 1, 3 square towers with single eaves, 4 stone towers1and 5 stone statues. These towers are all brick structures.
Ming Xiu City God Temple is located in Wu 'an City.
The stone tablet of the Eastern Wei Dynasty is located in Yeung Yi Town, 27.7 kilometers west of Wu 'an City.
The site of the ancient city of Warring States is located in the ancient town of Wu 'an.
The site of iron smelting in Han Dynasty is in Guzhen Village, Wu 'an City.
Dianzi Ancient City Site is located in Dongsong Erzhuang Township, Wu 'an City.
Wannian ancient cultural site is located in Nanzhuang Rock Township, Wu 'an.
Bei 'anzhuang Ancient Pagoda is located in Bei 'anzhuang Township, southeast of Wu 'an City.
Dongdahe Ancient Culture Site is located in Anzhuang Township, north-southeast of Wu 'an City.
Stone pagoda is located in the northwest living water town of Wu 'an City.
The III Buddha statue is located in a flowing water town in the northwest of Wu 'an City.
Fahuadong Grottoes are located in Xishidong Township, Wu 'an City.
Nangang Ancient Pagoda is located in Nancui Road Township, Wu 'an City.
Tianqing Temple's Daxiong Hall is located in Nancui Road Township, Wu 'an City.
Niu Wa Fort Site is located in Cuilu Township, Wu 'an City.
Is it detailed enough?