"The Battle of Candles Quits the Qin Division" is an essay about the rhetoric of pedestrians. This article is vivid, beautiful in language, well-organized, well-reasoned and logical. It is an excellent model essay of Zuo Zhuan and even the history of China literature, and was selected as a compulsory course in full-time high school. The following is my lesson plan of quitting Qin by candlelight. I hope everyone will look carefully!
1 the teaching goal of teachers who fight for the candle and retreat from Qin;
With recitation and lectures, students can be guided to understand the content of the text and improve their interest in learning classical Chinese through repeated recitation.
Teaching focus:
Read aloud repeatedly to guide students to taste the thoughts and feelings of the text.
Teaching difficulties:
How to inspire students to understand the ideological content of the text accurately and profoundly
Instructional design:
First, guide into the classroom.
Introduction (from classical Chinese learning):
What is the biggest difficulty for everyone to learn classical Chinese? It seems that great minds think alike. Today, the teacher gave us a key to solve this problem, which is reading repeatedly.
Su Dongpo said: "You can never get tired of reading old books, so you can read them carefully." This shows that reading aloud is the basis of understanding, so we try to use reading aloud to drive the requirements of understanding: first, we must read accurately, second, we must read well, and third, we must read with emotion.
Slide show: three-step reading method
Second, the overall perception and accurate pronunciation
Slide Show: First Reading: Correct Pronunciation
Let's listen to the text first. What are the pronunciations of a classical Chinese? See which words are different from our usual pronunciation.
1, the teacher recited the text.
Guide students to pay attention to the pronunciation of words. There are: * * * Quefeng said that knowing polyphonic words is a common word.
Slide Show: Three Types of Roles
Design idea: when explaining this part, we should implement some basic knowledge of classical Chinese and guide students to define a concept, that is, to determine pronunciation and font according to the meaning of words in specific language environment.
Slide show: Set the sound with meaning and write the shape with meaning.
2. Student activities: Read the text together.
The ancients advocated that "every word is loud, every word is not missed, every word is not missed, every word is not added, every word is not inverted, and every word is not memorized." As long as you recite it a few times, it will be catchy and unforgettable. " Therefore, in the first link, we must do the above. Students should read it.
(Teacher comments, voice emotional guidance) What do you think is the difference between your feelings and those of the teacher?
(Evaluation language: clear pronunciation and mellow voice, plain, no ups and downs, no appeal)
Third, read the sentences clearly and understand the content.
1, reading text method
How to change this situation? The first is to understand the content of the text, and the second is to learn "cadence". What is cadence?
Express your heart and feelings through tone, speech speed, tone and pause in sentences. Eight words are especially important for conveying a person's feelings. Let's call this method "eight-character reading".
Slide show: tone, speed, tone, pause in sentence.
2. Master the content of the text
Let's look at the text first. What does the article say?
Why did you repel Qin Shihuang? What's the ending
Writing on the blackboard: Qin Jin Kevin·Z
Be entrusted with an important task at a critical/dangerous moment
Say "when you quit the Qin Dynasty"
Jin troops dispersed.
Fourth, handle the reading of the text well.
1, the first paragraph (teacher's model essay reading)
I'll try to read the first paragraph first, and then I'll tell you how I handled it and why.
Generally speaking, this passage introduces the background of the story, so the speech speed is slow, and the words "rude, second, Jin, Qin and Jun" are re-emphasized, because it is necessary to emphasize that "Jin/Jun is in the mausoleum and Qin/Jun is in the south", and "Jin" and "Qin" should be paused for a while, because "Jun" is a verb here.
Students, let's try. Which one?
Student activity: find a boy to try it, and then all the boys read it again.
2. The second paragraph (guide students to read aloud from the tone of the three dialogues)
There is an emergency in the country, and we need to find a solution to the problem, so there is our second dialogue. Find out the tone of these three people first, and how to deal with which one.
Student activity: Find three male students to read separately.
Follow-up: Why is this handled?
Question: Did Zheng Bo's short words touch the power of candles?
Guide students to understand the text deeply. If no students are willing to stand up, the teacher will inspire them from the following angles: who plays the main role when we make decisions, and does others influence you?
In the article, we saw a heavy, firm and confident fox; I also saw a sincere and calm Zheng Bo: I also saw a candle power that deeply understood the righteousness when the country was in danger.
3. The third natural stage (starting with speaking skills) (* * * discussed with you) (At this stage, if students don't respond, then teachers can stimulate and guide them from the following aspects: for example, comparing Qin, Jin and Jin to three people is actually a game that children often play. Just like if you offend classmate A, he will find his good friend classmate B on his way home. Admit your mistake first, then disintegrate, then seduce)
How do we accomplish the task? Convince the monarch of the state of Qin
(1) Step one, abandon Zheng.
What do you say first? Here, how to deal with it?
Retreat for progress has won Qin Jun's favor, so he speaks calmly, sincerely and credibly.
Student activities: personal reading
(2) The second step is to destroy Zheng.
What did you say next?
Clear up the interest relationship, shake Qin Jun, be tactful and rhetorical, with a slightly higher tone, and then slowly read "thick neighbor and thin gentleman" to impress Qin Bo's heart.
Student activities: personal reading
(3) The third step is to help Zheng
Pointing out the hypocrisy of the Qin Jin League, what did you say next?
Be more sincere, think for Qin, seduce each other with interests, read slowly at a medium speed, be gentle and sincere.
This link should implement these classical Chinese knowledge: host, luggage, deacon
Student activities: personal reading
(4) The fourth step is to alienate each other.
From another angle, take history as an example, provoke Qin Jin to be fast before and slow after, and despise his treachery and insatiable greed. The speed of anger is faster than before, especially "what is there to hate about his money?" "If you don't miss Qin, how will you take it?" The rhetorical tone of the two sentences must be read out.