Like a dream, it rained last night and the wind suddenly blew, Li Qingzhao.
The rain stopped suddenly last night. Deep sleep won't leave a hangover. I asked the shutter man, but he said, "Haitang is still there." You know what? You know what? It should be green, fat and thin!
Enjoy 1
This poem, with its characters, scenes and dialogues, fully demonstrates the expressive power of the language of Song Ci and the poet's talent.
"It rained last night and suddenly it blew" means it rained last night and blew badly. Sparse means sparse writing, not the usual sparse meaning. It's spring, and the famous flowers are just right, but the wind and rain are coming, so I'm in a bad mood and can't sleep, so I can only drown my sorrows by drinking. I drank too much and slept like a log. As a result, I woke up and it was already dawn. But last night's mood was already across my chest, so we have to ask what is hanging in the air together. So, she asked the maid who cleaned the house and opened the blinds: What happened to Begonia? The maid took a look and smiled and replied, "Yes, Haitang hasn't changed at all after a night of wind and rain!" The hostess listened and sighed; "Silly girl, do you know that Haitang is less red and more green? ? "
This dialogue shows what poetry and painting can't, and shows the complex expression and tone of the boudoir, which can be described as a vivid pen.
Taking "deep sleep" and "residual wine" as a bridge, the author wrote the time change and psychological evolution from white night to dawn. Then a "roller blind" skillfully and appropriately broke the dawn of the day. However, the person who asked the shutter didn't mention anything, only revealed the answer.
It's really wonderful, without trace. Poets are happy for flowers, sad for flowers, drunk for flowers, and angry for flowers. In fact, they are hurting and cherishing spring, using flowers as a metaphor to lament that their youth is fleeting.
Appreciate II
Although Li Qingzhao is not a prolific writer, there are only 40 or 50 poems that have been circulated so far, but they are all "useless" and "numerous poets". This song "Like a Dream" is an immortal masterpiece that is "called by the world". After waking up from the dark, Xiaoyu asked about the description of flowers, which euphemistically expressed the poet's feelings of loving flowers and hurting spring. The language is fresh and meaningful, which makes people think deeply.
How to understand the first two sentences is controversial. Gaitui used logical reasoning: since it is "a deep sleep does not consume residual wine", how do you know that "the rain cleared last night and the wind blew suddenly"? Isn't this a contradiction? In fact, these two words cannot be understood by simple things in life, because the poet's original intention is not here, but through these two words to express his infinite love for flowers. Poems that cherish flowers talk more about wind and rain. Bai Juyi's poem "Two Precious Peony Poems" reads: "Those who are bright should spend all their flowers, while those who are at night should cherish the red and watch the fire." Feng Yansi's "Sauvignon Blanc" words: "Red branches are full of branches, green branches are full of branches, and you get up late when you are tired." Zhou Bangyan's "Youth Tour" words: "One night the east wind, begonia blossoms, look at the shutters upstairs." The meaning of flowers scattered in the wind and rain is easy to understand. However, it is not easy to understand that "a deep sleep does not consume residual wine" is also about cherishing flowers. However, as long as you read more poems about flowers written by predecessors, it is not difficult to understand. Du fu's poem "three quatrains": "I would rather be drunk and the wind blows away, but I can endure the rain when I wake up." Wei Zhuang's You recorded Bao's poem Xi Hua Yin: "Flowers on branches, flowers on people, and poor colors are all youth. Yesterday, I saw flowers burning, but today I saw flowers falling. Drinking this flower is better than waiting for the spring breeze to blow. " These verses can be used as footnotes for "A sound sleep does not consume wine". Yi An said in the poem "Jade House Spring" praising Hongmei: "Red Crisp is willing to let Qiongbao break and explore the southern branches all over the place. ..... If you want a drink, you can't rest. " It is also a self-annotation of the sentence "sleeping". Although the wording of this word only means that I drank too much last night and haven't stopped since the next morning, there is another meaning behind this wording, that is, I was drunk last night because I cherish flowers. The poetess couldn't bear to see the flowering of Haitang in the Ming Dynasty. She drank too much wine under Haitang last night and is still drunk. There are many words about drinking in Shuyu Ci, which shows that Yi 'an lay man likes drinking. Drinking well will still lead to deep sleep. After deep sleep, the alcohol power has not completely disappeared, which is not a general overdose. As long as you think about why the poet wrote the word "deep sleep without residual wine", the answer can only be "cherish flowers" As far as the meaning of this word is concerned, it is the same as the poems quoted by Du Fu and Bao Wenji. However, the height of Yi 'an is to find a new way. Once you understand the meaning of "cherish flowers" hidden behind "deep sleep without consuming residual wine", then the understanding of the following sentence will be "logical".
The next three or four sentences are an inevitable reflection of the psychology of loving flowers. Although he was drunk all night, the first thing Xiao Qing cared about after waking up was the begonia in the garden. Knowing that Haitang couldn't stand the abrasion caused by sudden wind and rain overnight, the window must be a red mess, full of fallen flowers, but I couldn't bear to see it myself, so I tried to ask the maid who was rolling the curtains. The word "try" expresses the poet's ambivalence that he cares about flowers but is afraid to hear the news of flowers falling, and he can't bear to see them with his own eyes but wants to know what is going on. On the other hand, Zhou Bangyan's "Youth Tour": "One night, the east wind, begonia blossoms, look at the shutters upstairs." It's vulgar and tasteless. What is the result of "asking"? -"But Haitang is still there." The maid's answer surprised the poet. Originally, I thought that after a night of wind and rain, the begonia flower must have withered and deformed, but the maid rolled up the curtain and looked out, but casually replied: the begonia flower is still the same. The word "que" not only indicates that the maid is unaware of the hostess's doubts, but also indicates that the poet is puzzled after hearing the answer. Yes, after the "sudden storm", how can "Haitang" remain the same? This naturally leads to the last two sentences.
"You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat and thin. " This is not only a rebuttal to the maid, but also a soliloquy: this careless girl, do you know that the begonia in the garden should be lush with green leaves and few red flowers! "Should" indicates that the poet's speculation and judgment on the scenery outside the window is extremely appropriate. Because she has not witnessed it with her own eyes, she should leave room for her speech. At the same time, the word also implies the meaning of "must" and "have to". Although Haitang is heartless, it can't bloom forever. In short, there is endless helpless love for flowers, but the predicate is shallow and profound. And this layer's affection for flowers is naturally invisible to the "roller blinds" and does not need more attention. After all, she can't be as delicate as the hostess and have a deeper understanding of nature and life. This may be the reason why she gave the above answer. The last sentence "green and fat and red and thin" is the perfect pen of the whole word, which has been praised by the world. "Green" instead of leaves and "red" instead of flowers are the contrast of the two colors; "Fat" describes that the leaves after rain are lush and fat because of sufficient water, and "thin" describes that the flowers after rain are withered and scarce because of unbearable rain. This is the contrast between the two States. Four common words are so vivid and vivid through the collocation and combination of poets, which is really a creation in the use of language. Associated with these four words, doesn't "red and thin" indicate the gradual disappearance of spring, while "green manure" symbolizes the arrival of summer with green leaves? This very common language is really amazing. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua" said: "This language is very new." Comment on A Bie Lu of Caotang Poetry: "The end of the sentence is especially delicate." Looks like it's not a hollow reputation.
This little word is only six sentences and thirty-three words, but it is written in a tortuous and euphemistic way, which is very hierarchical. The poet drinks heavily because he loves flowers, but he "questions" because he knows the gratitude of flowers, and asks questions because he doesn't believe the answer of "confinement". So he turned around step by step and expressed his love for flowers in a swaying way. "Selected Poems of Starting a prairie fire" says: "Short poems have numerous twists and turns, and nature is more sacred than words." It can be described as rave reviews. (Li Liu)
Appreciation 3
Who is the "Rolling Curtain" —— Reading Li Qingzhao's Dream, the rain dispelled the wind last night
one
In the early works of Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Song Dynasty, there are two famous sentences, such as Dream Ling. They depict a lively and lovely young woman who loves nature and life, and show her pure inner world and elegant life interest. They are known as "two rare pearls". (1) "Last night the storm suddenly" is one of them. The exact words are as follows:
It's like a dream. Last night, it rained suddenly and the wind blew, so a deep sleep didn't consume wine. Ask the shutter man, Haitang is still there. "You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat and thin! "
According to the literature, the word was warmly welcomed by readers as soon as it came out. Hu Zaixiang, a contemporary, highly praised him, especially the phrase "green and fat, red and thin", saying that "this phrase is very strange". Later, Chen Yu praised this sentence even more, saying that "the world calls it this way." (3) Since then, scholars and readers of all previous dynasties have highly praised this word. For the "confined man", since ancient times, people have agreed that it means "servant girl", which is of little significance. Although it is difficult for the earliest people to verify this, it is certain that this theory has prevailed at least in the Ming Dynasty. There is a picture drawn according to the meaning of the word in "Picture Album after Poetry", which was engraved in forty years of Wanli (16 12). In the painting, the person in confinement has been clearly painted as a maid. (4) In recent years, almost all the published works about Li Qingzhao's appreciation of ci have held this theory of "servant girl", with few exceptions. Therefore, it is generally believed that the theme of this word is to express the love of flowers in a tortuous way through the "concise dialogue" between the heroine and the maid. ⑤ In this article, it seems a bit inappropriate to affirm "confinement man" as "maid".
First of all, Li Qingzhao was known as a "talented woman" when she was a teenager, and her superb artistic accomplishment is beyond doubt. Wang Zhuo, a contemporary, said in the second volume of "Bi Ji Man Zhi" that she "had a poem title since she was a teenager, and she was close to others by self-support". Therefore, in front of the servant girl, using such original words as "green, fat, red and thin" to express her love for flowers, I'm afraid even she herself will find it boring.
Secondly, the word "servant girl" is bound to be understood as a work of "cherishing flowers". Although the phrase "green and fat, red and thin" is called "strange language" and "world name", if you think about it carefully, it is actually "difficult to make a language, but indecent", and the traces of carving can still be seen. Seeing this word, people first think of the strangeness of "green, fat, red and thin", not the sadness of flowers and leaves. Therefore, judging from the general author's creative psychology, if he really has deep feelings for flowers, he will not use these sentences.
two
In Li Qingzhao's Preface to the Story of the Stone, there is such a wonderful description about the interest of their husband and wife's life: "Remember the sex couple, stop at a time, sit back in the hall, make tea, refer to the product of book history, and say that something is in the first page and the first line of a book, regardless of victory or defeat, I will raise my glass and laugh until the tea turns over, but I can't drink it ..." ⑦ From this, we can. The phrase "green and fat, red and thin" is just in line with this character of her youth. Since it is "fighting for victory", then the two sides must be evenly matched in the talent of 90 1, and it is hard to say if they don't fight. If the talents of the two sides are very different and obvious, there is no need to "fight". Therefore, this paper holds that Li Qingzhao, as a talented woman, said, "Do you know? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat and thin, which is very unlikely. On the contrary, if it is a newly married couple, the word "winning" between husband and wife is very appropriate.
In addition, the use of "shutter" and "shutter man" in Song poetry has its unique artistic conception and special meaning. First of all, in the poetry of the Song Dynasty, those who roll the curtain and those who are common beside the curtain are not maids. For example:
People are quiet, the moon is soft, and the curtains are hung. "West wind roller blinds, people are thinner than yellow flowers." (Li Qingzhao)
"The shutter is facing the bright moon, and the sill is facing the west wind". "I can't bear to see the roller blinds, lonely pear flower falls". (Zhu)
"Stranger tourists have not returned, and pears in the courtyard have not been collected." (Sun Daoxuan)
From the above poems, we can see that in the poems of the Song Dynasty, those who are closely connected with the curtain are not ladies-in-waiting, but those affectionate ladies. Look at the following two words "make mistakes":
< 1 >
Flowers bloom this year and swallows are bilingual. Who lives with the rolling bead curtain, who lives in the flowers. Where will the Yan Whisperer be when the flowers bloom next year? Send a book to Jiangnan.
< 2 >
When the swallows came last year, the embroiderers were deeply involved. The incense path is muddy, and the piano and books are dirty. Swallows come this year, who will listen to the whisper? There are no shutters, but it is raining yellow.
The above two words, whether "rolling bead curtain" or "rolling door person", obviously do not refer to "maid" for male authors, but "lovers" in their respective hearts. The first of these two sentences was written by Sok Li, who was born in Huizong Pass for two years (1 108), only twenty years younger than Li Qingzhao; The author of the second song is Xin Qiji, who lived in Shaoxing for ten years (1 140), only half a century later than Li Qingzhao. Therefore, we can say that the "confined person" in their ci belongs to the same language as the "confined person" in Li Qingzhao's dream. They won't be any different in meaning. It can be seen that in the poetry of the Song Dynasty, the word "shutter man" almost refers to those amorous ladies or men's lovers. It is precisely because the authors have given the "confined person" such a unique artistic conception and special meaning that it is almost impossible for them to give it to the "maid" or any other meaning. Secondly, when using roles such as "servant girl" and "servant girl" in Song poetry, the author basically writes clearly, and rarely uses words such as "shutter man" instead. For example, "I woke up and chewed the ice in the jar, and the maid was too sleepy to wake up." "I don't know what people want, but I still put a plum blossom in it." (Zhu) "Self-made new words have the best rhyme, and Xiaohong sings and I play the flute". (Jiang Kui) "It thundered at home. You shouldn't knock at the door, but lean on the stick and listen to the sound of the river. " (Su Shi) Based on the above reasons, this paper thinks that this word should be regarded as the wedding date of Qingzhao, that is, from Yuan Dynasty to the first year of Daguan, that is, between1101107. The "confinement man" in the word actually refers not to the "maid" but to the heroine's husband in the word. This is a saying of "winning" between newlyweds. It turns out that "confinement man" is often used as a synonym for a man's "the only thrill". Here, our heroine is very witty, "used in the opposite sense." The following three paragraphs are the real artistic conception described in this word: the air is particularly fresh and pleasant in the morning after the spring rain. Red flowers and green leaves seem to have just come out of the shower, quiet and pure, beautiful and lovely. In a newly married couple's bedroom, the husband saw that it was almost dawn and got up gently. Then, the wife opened her eyes slightly, but she was still lying with a lazy smile and didn't want to get up. I remember last night, the rain was scattered and the wind was blowing hard. However, because I drank a lot with my husband, I still slept soundly. Listen, she's still drunk. Seeing her husband open the window and rolling the blinds, she smiled gently and asked, "What's the matter? Roll up the blinds and see what happens to the begonia flowers in the yard. " The husband knew that she was going to be naughty again, but he ignored it for a while and just casually replied, "It's different." "ah! Hey! " She called back her husband's face and said to him wittily, "Do you know? It should be green, fat and thin! " ..... It can be seen that the theme of this word is not "cherishing flowers", but through the description of "striving for victory", it reflects that the life of a young couple is sweet. Like the laughter of "the pillow in the closet is cold" and the hair clasp of "asking Lang Bi to come and see", it belongs to the portrayal of their happy life in the early Qing Dynasty.
Wen is like a man, bold and frank with his pen. An essay "On Ci" found fault with the famous artists at that time. "Its madness is self-evident and unattainable." ⑧ In her poems, there are both the resentment of "thinking of Xiang Yu at this point and refusing to cross the river east" and the ridicule of "revealing the reflection of Liu Sanbian and the cinnamon fragrance of Zhang Jiucheng". Especially in describing the words and deeds of girls and their love and marriage life, it is even more shocking. Wang Zhuo, her contemporaries, once commented on her: "As a long and short sentence, it can be written as you like, light and sharp, full of gestures. Lu Xiang's language is dissolute and his writing is casual. Since ancient times, the house of gentry has been able to write about women. I have never seen such carelessness. " Pet-name ruby All these words "self-evident", "crazy" and "meaningless" are certainly unacceptable to feudal "orthodox people". Therefore, if you can misinterpret it, try to misinterpret it, such as this song "Like a Dream"; Anything that can't be misinterpreted should be deleted from Shuyu Collection as far as possible, or it's not made by Zhao Qing, such as Huanxi yarn embroidered with lotus smiling face and broken magnolia flowers sold on the shoulders.
three
As far as I know, there are only two contemporary scholars who hold this "husband theory" One is Sun Zhongen, and the other is Wu Xiaoru. The former annotated Selected Poems of Li Qingzhao (People's Literature Publishing House, 2nd Edition, Beijing, 1994, 12), but did not give any explanation. The latter wrote on pages 258-259 of His Poems (Beijing Publishing House, September,1988); "This word was written by the author with a fresh and elegant pen, and it was written in boudoir language. The so-called many people draw eyebrows. " The whole word is "realistic", but it is "hidden and concrete" He further explained: "The next morning, the young woman was still very tired, so she asked her husband who was rolling curtains, what is spring like outside?" ..... The husband said to his wife' Haitang is still there', which is a metaphor that his wife's appearance is still charming and beautiful, which is a gentle and considerate word. But the wife said, not necessarily, she should be' green, fat, red and thin', and her youth will be gone. ..... The refrain of "knowing" is to write that a young woman's own heart is not known to her husband. "
Although both of the above views hold the husband's point of view, they are biased in understanding the meaning of words. The previous note should actually be: "refers to the heroine's husband in the word." Because this word is a literary work and an artistic creation after all, it cannot be regarded as a historical record of Li Qingzhao and his wife's life. In other words, it is obviously inappropriate to judge the protagonist in this literary work as the real person of Li Qingzhao's husband Zhao Mingcheng; The latter's understanding of the meaning of words tends to the other extreme, which inevitably brings some vulgar elements. With Li Qingzhao's personality and artistic accomplishment, it is impossible to write that kind of vulgar language into ci, because it has gone far beyond the category of "secret language in the boudoir"
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