1. Huanxi Sand
Su Shi
The rustling clothes and towels fall with jujube flowers 1, and the winding wheels ring in the south of the village and in the north of the village 2. Niu Yigu Liu sells cucumbers 3.
I feel sleepy when I'm tired of drinking, and I want to sleep when I'm thirsty. Knock on the door and ask the savages 4.
Notes
1. This sentence means that jujube flowers fall on the clothes and scarves one after another, and the syntax is reversed. Rustling, falling appearance.
2. Reeling and drawing tools.
3. Cow clothes, "Hanshu·Wang Zhangzhuan" "Zhang is ill, without quilt, lying in cow clothes". The article "Ox Clothes" in Volume 2 of "Yan Fan Lu" written by Cheng Dachang of the Song Dynasty: "In the Records of Food and Goods, Dong Zhongshu said: 'Poor people often wear the clothes of cows and horses, but eat the food of dogs and pigs.' However, those who wear cow clothes weave straw To keep him warm, he could use a cow's body or a coir raincoat to cover him. "This refers to the poor clothing of the melon sellers. This work may be called "Banyi", as Zeng Jili's "Tingzhai Poetry Talk" says: "I saw Dongpo's ink writing as 'Banyi', and I knew that the word 'Niu' was wrong."
4 . Comic, whatever. Because I was very thirsty and wanted to drink some tea, I wanted to knock on the door of any house and ask. Su Shi's "Occasionally Visiting the Residence of the Barbarian Wang": "If you are thirsty for wine and want tea, you will knock on the door." These two sentences have the same meaning. Pi Rixiu's "Sobering up from Drinking at a Leisure Night": "When you are thirsty, you think about tea", which is the origin of this saying.
Appreciation
Since Su Shi's poetry, the subject matter, artistic conception, writing style, etc. have all expanded. The rural pastoral scenery that rarely appeared in poetry before has also appeared in Su Shi's poetry. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), when Xuzhou received rain after a spring drought, Su Shi went to Shitan to thank God and composed a set of "Huanxi Sand" titled "Five Poems on the Path of Thanking Rain in Shitan, Xumen", all of which were about the rural scenery in early summer. This is the fourth of them.
The previous film captures common scenes in rural life. The aroma of jujube flowers, the sound of reeling wheels, and the leisurely attitude of the melon sellers form a fresh and natural pastoral picture.
The next part is written by the author himself. The day was high, the road was long, and he was drunk. He was tired and thirsty, so he knocked on the door and asked for a drink. Although Su Shi was a scholar-bureaucrat, he was close to the countryside in his heart. He said that "Zhang Junyuan was a person here". The casual "knocking on the door and asking questions" here is indistinguishable from the "savage family". A spot.
2. Huanxi Sha
Author: Su Shi
Visit Qishui Qingquan Temple, the temple is adjacent to Lanxi River, and the stream flows west1.
At the foot of the mountain, orchid buds dip into the stream, and the sandy road among the pines is clear of mud.2. Xiaoxiaomuyuzigui cries 3.
Who said there is no less in life? The running water in front of the door can still be west 4! Stop singing yellow chicken with gray hair 5.
『Translation』
At the foot of the mountain, young orchid shoots flow into the stream,
The path between the pine forests is clear of sand and mud,
In the evening The cuckoos were singing in the drizzle.
Who says you can’t stay young forever?
The water running in front of the door can still run to the west!
Don’t worry about gray hair and sing about yellow chicken.
Notes
1. Qishui, the name of the county, is now Xishui Town, Hubei Province. At that time, I traveled with the doctor Pang Anshi (also known as Anchang), and I saw "Shu Qingquan Temple Ci" in the third volume of "Dongpo's Inscriptions and Postscripts".
2. Bai Juyi's "Luo Bin, March 3rd": "The sand road is moist and there is no mud."
3. Xiao Xiao Muyu, Bai Juyi's "Send to Yin Xielu Poems" self-note: "The lyrics of Wu Erniang's song in the south of the Yangtze River say, 'Xiao Xiao Muyu Lang will not return'." Zigui, a cuckoo bird, is said to be the ancient Shu emperor Du Yu It is transformed into the soul of Du Yu, also known as "Du Yu". It has a sad and shrill sound, which is often used in poems to express the thoughts of traveling.
4. This sentence should be realistic. But "in front of the door" and so on, there are also origins. "Old Book of Tang" Volume 19 "The Biography of Yi Xing" by Fang Ji said that there was an old monk in Guoji Temple in Tiantai Mountain who knew how to make fortunes. He said: "The water in front of the door is flowing to the west, and the disciples are also coming." The group went in to ask for help. , "But the fruits in front of the door flow westward."
5. Bai Juyi's "Drunken Song": "Who knows how to make you understand the song? Listen to the singing of the yellow rooster and the day. The yellow rooster crows to remind you of the dawn, and the day reminds you of the new year. The waist is red. The ribbon is not stable, and the beauty in the mirror has been lost." Here the meaning is used instead, that is, don’t hurt yourself with gray hair and lament aging.
Appreciation
This poem was written in the spring of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082). At that time, Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) because of the "Wutai Poetry Case" Deputy envoy of regiment training. This was a major blow to Su Shi's political career, but this poem showed an optimistic spirit in the face of adversity.
The top column describes the natural scenery. The first two sentences describe the early spring, when orchid grass begins to grow by the stream, and the paths along the stream are clean and mud-free, creating a scene full of vitality. But it ends with the sad cry of cuckoos in the dusk rain. The sound of Zigui reminded pedestrians to "go back", which gave the scenery a somewhat sad color.
Xia Qian changed his writing style. He no longer fell into the melancholy brought about by Zigui's cry, but picked up his strokes. As the saying goes, "Flowers bloom again, and people are no longer young." The passage of time is like water flowing eastward and cannot be saved. However, there are always surprises in the world. "The water flowing in front of the door can still reach the west" is not only a real scene in front of you, but also a hidden Buddhist allusion. Water flowing in the east can also flow back to the west, so why should we mourn in vain for our old age? It seems simple, but it is worth recalling. The first volume of "Ci Jie" said: "Po Gong's rhyme is high, so his simple words are also extraordinary."
The whole poem is filled with an upward attitude towards life, but the sub-guidance at the end of the sentence The cry faintly reflects the poet's situation, and also shows the value of the optimistic attitude in the poem. Therefore, Chen Tingzhuo's "Bai Yuzhai Ci Hua" said: "The more melancholy, the more heroic, the more loyal, the more I am fascinated."
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3. Huanxisha
Author: Su Shi
On December 24, the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Uncle Liu Qian traveled to Nanshan from Sizhou 1
The drizzle and the wind are slightly cold. The light smoke and willows are scattered on the clear beach.
The snow foam and milk flowers are floating on the midday lamp. The world is full of joy.
Notes
1. Sizhou, now Si County, Anhui. Uncle Liu Qian’s life is unknown. Nanshan is not far from Sizhou. /p>
2. Qingluo refers to Luo River, which is now the Luo River in Anhui Province. It originates from Hefei, Anhui Province, and flows northward to Sizhou on the north bank of the Huaihe River.
< p>3. Snow foam is the white foam that rises when making tea. In ancient times, the best quality tea was the bright white milk color and fine foam. "The floating flower milk is light and round".4. Polygonum antler: the young sprouts of Polygonum. Artemisia bamboo shoots, lettuce bamboo shoots. Spring dish, it has been a custom since the Tang Dynasty that on the first day of spring, spring cakes, lettuce, etc. are served on the plate. As a gift to relatives and friends, it is called a spring plate. The poem was written not far from the beginning of spring, so I will give it a try first.
This is a poem written in the seventh year of Yuanfeng. In 1084), Su Shi was transferred from Huangzhou to Ruzhou (now Linru, Henan Province). On his way to his post, he stayed in Sizhou for a while. This poem was written during this period when he and his friends were visiting Nanshan near Sizhou.
The last film describes the scenery seen in Nanshan: the slightly cold weather was deliberately "made" by the "drizzle and slanting wind". The weather cleared up, and the smoke and willows on the beach seemed to be "meaningful" by intention. The clear Huaihe River entered before my eyes. Luo also seems to gradually see the vastness. The scenery is unintentional, but in the eyes of those who are interested, it seems to be full of love.
The next part is about taking a lunch break and having a picnic with bright milky tea. With fresh wild vegetables, it has a unique flavor. The theme of the whole poem finally falls on the word "Qing Huan", which shows the author's appreciation of the mood of life.
The elegant style of the whole poem can be felt. , a tranquil state of mind, it is precisely because of this state of mind that we can appreciate the unique mood of life
4. Huanxi Sha
The bun will hurt the mood of spring, and it will be more combed.
The plum blossoms fall in the evening breeze in the courtyard,
The light clouds come and go and the moon is sparse,
The jade duck smokes the stove and the brain is busy,
The red cherry tent covers the tassels,
p>
Tongxi also explains the meaning of Hanwu.
Lazy's "Hua Cao Cui Bian" is written as "annoyance". /p>
Jade duck incense burner: a duck-shaped incense burner made of jade (or white porcelain) for lighting incense. The shape of the incense burner is various, including unicorn shape, lion shape, duck shape, etc.; the material is also gold. , brass, brass, iron, jade, porcelain, etc.
Ruinao: the name of a kind of spice.
Zhuying Douzhang: a bucket-shaped tent. /p>
Tassel: refers to the drooping tassels of the tent, usually made of five-color feathers or colored threads.
饷: rhinoceros refers to the horn of the rhinoceros, which should be "tong". mistake.
Appreciation
This word should be Li Qingzhao’s work when he was young. The author used the artistic technique of line drawing to draw two light and elegant pictures: one is an outdoor picture of "a young woman's love for spring at night", and the other is an indoor "picture of a young lady pregnant with someone at night". Different feelings are expressed through typical images that are basically the same, thus forming their own unique artistic conception.
The two pictures set off each other, complement each other, are full of wit and highlight the words.