Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.
Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.
If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.
Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.
Shepherd's purse is uneven, and it is left and right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.
When I went to middle school, I saw the record in Historical Records of the Emperor Century: "Emperor Yao is in the world, the world is peaceful, and the people have nothing to do. There are eighty or ninety old people singing in the soil. " The old man sang the Song of Breaking the Earth that we saw today. Breaking the earth is an ancient game. Today, in the northeast of the ancient city of Linfen, there is a place called Kangzhuang, and there is an ancient stone tablet at the east end of the village, which reads "Beat the Earth". Shen Deqian, a poet in A Qing, commented: "Before Emperor Yao, it was almost deserted here. Although Wang Jia invented two songs, Orioles and Bai Di, almost all their stories are false. So start with "The Song of Digging the Earth". " So I think China's earliest poem is "Song of Breaking the Earth":
The sun goes out to farm and goes home to rest after sunset.
A well can have water to drink, and crops will not be hungry.
This kind of life is uncomfortable, and no one envies the power of the emperor.
When I was a normal student, an article in the anthology introduced a brief history of China's poems. The earliest poem recorded in the article is "Playing Songs". Playing songs can be found in the legend of Gou Jian's conspiracy in Wu Yue Chun Qiu. Fan Li's "Chen Yin, A Good Shooter" triggered a dialogue between Chen Yin and Betty Wong. Chen Yin said: "The ancients were simple, hungry for birds and beasts, thirsty for fog and dew, and when they died, they wrapped themselves in imperata and threw them into the middle field. The dutiful son can't bear to see his parents being eaten by animals, pretending to play with bullets to protect his parents from animals. Therefore, the song "Breaking Bamboo and Flying Bamboo to Exorcise Evil" is also called ... "There have always been" boat songs "and" folk songs ". Ancient people lived in caves and were often threatened by animals, so "playing" became expulsion. The appearance of the stringed instrument "Ge Tan" greatly improved the security and defense functions, and was loved by ancestors. As a result, the words produced and used in propaganda are circulated everywhere like songs. After constant revision and improvement, the eight-character "Ge Tan" recorded by our ancestors today has been circulated for at least 7000 years. So far, I think "Playing Songs" is the earliest poem in the world:
Broken bamboo, bamboo, flying soil, meat.
After work, because of my personal interest in ancient literature, I have some ideas about the earliest poems through comparative study of some historical materials. "Huai Nan Zi Zao Ying Xun" said: "Today, if a man holds a big tree, he will call' evil promise' before and then answer it, which is a song of persuasion." The ballads of our ancestors happened in the rhythm of labor, so the original form is often combined with the original music and dance, and its content is mostly the repetition simulation of production behavior or the memory of labor process. It is also said in Historical Records Yao Dian that all animals dance together. It describes people tapping tools such as stone tools as musical instruments, and then imitating the posture of wild animals to dance. Through these two accounts, we say that the earliest poem is the original poem of the trinity of song and dance, which is probably good. When discussing the origin of poetry, Mr. Lu Xun made it very clear: "Human beings have created first, and then there are words. Unfortunately, no one has written it down, and there is no way to write it down. Our ancestors, primitive people, couldn't even speak. In order to work together, they have to express their views, and then gradually form a complex voice. If everyone was struggling to lift wood at that time, I didn't expect it to be published. One of them is called "Yu Hang Yu Hang", so this is creation ... If there are any marks, this is literature; Of course, he is a writer, a writer and a' Yu Hang Yu Hang' school. " If so, then the first poem will always be a mystery, because no one can find the first ape screaming as a poem. Therefore, this explanation is an extreme mistake. Ancient poetry has two characteristics: 1, Ye Yun; 2, you can sing. Judging ancient poetry should have these two characteristics at the same time. Ye Yun is the foundation of ancient poetry, so ancient poetry may be the source of ancient poetry, but there is another possibility: there is no other form before ancient poetry, that is, ancient poetry that cannot be sung.
Now, I can't think of any poem that is the oldest. I can only put forward a few ideas for you to choose from. Because the exact production dates of all the following ancient poems have not been found, each capital is considered as a forgery by future generations.
One possibility: Shennong's easy wax figure words. According to the Textual Research of Three Rites, Yi Jia has sacrificed eight waxes. According to Zheng Xuan, a Confucian scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, "There are eight kinds of wax: one is added first; Si Yuji also; Agriculture three, postal list four; Cats and tigers are also five; Fang Liu Ye; Water is seven and insects are eight. " "Book of Rites" has the poem "Wax Ci": "The soil is against its home! Water belongs to its valley! Insects do nothing! Trees and grass return to their natural habitat! The soil is against its home! Water belongs to its valley! Insects do nothing! A good year will take thousands of years! " Because Yi may refer to officials appointed by Shennong, Yao or Zhou Dynasty, Ba La originated in Zhou Dynasty at the latest. Sima Zhen's Historical Records in the Tang Dynasty said: "I first taught farming, so I was named Shennong, pretending to be a wax sacrifice and whipping grass." It is generally believed that the Eight Waxes offered by Yi Family refer to ancient times. In any case, when the Eight Wax Festival developed to the Han and Tang Dynasties, the wax festival activities had become grand; But in the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was sometimes stopped.
Possibility 2: Yu Shun's Qing Yun Ge. The works of the ministers of the Qing Dynasty are the grand banquet of Yu. Its original intention is to praise the five emperors' abdication system, but because of its lofty weather, it has become a masterpiece beyond customs. "The biography of history? "Biography of Yu Xia" said that Shun ascended the throne for fifteen years. "Clear clouds live in harmony with discipline, and all the workers sing clear clouds. The emperor said: clear clouds are rotten, embarrassing, and the sun and the moon shine, Fudan. "'rotten' means brilliant." "Cue" means correction, and "Cue" means lingering and erratic. "Dan" came out on the same day, and "Dan Fudan" went on day after day. The whole sentence means: auspicious clouds are endless, and the sun and the moon shine forever. It is said that Shun sighed after singing "Song of Qingyun": "Time is very short, and the world is not a person's world. "1965438+On April 8, 2003, at the opening ceremony of the first official congress of the Republic of China, Qing was adopted as the temporary national anthem, and the lyrics were slightly changed: Qingyun rotten, awkward, Sun and Moon Guanghua, Dan Fudan, Sun and Moon Guanghua, Dan Fudan. When the time is right, this world is not a person's world. It was abolished during the reign of Yuan Shikai. 19 16 After Yuan Shikai's death, the Ministry of Education of Duan government collected the national anthem on 1920. The composer of Peking University Music Studio chose Qing in Shangshu as the lyrics and composed music. The Ministry of Education ordered a nationwide concert in July of 192 1. The national government was abolished after it came to power. Lyrics: Qingyun Can, Xi, Riyue Guanghua, Dan Fudan. The sun and moon are brilliant, and the sun is brilliant. The above four sentences are all from the biography of Shangshu Yu Xia, and the last sentence is the origin of the name of Fudan University. Qing Yun Ge:
The cloud is rotten and embarrassed. Clearly in the sky, rotten but star Chen.
The sun and moon are brilliant, and the sun is brilliant. The sun and the moon remain the same, and the stars are wired.
Since four o'clock, the surname is Yuncheng. Move with wisdom and not be afraid to listen.
It's a drum, it's a dance. The sun and the moon compete for glory, more than one person.
On music, with the spirit of heaven. The essence is gone, go away.
Possibility 3: Pan Ming, Shang Tang. The book "University" has: Tang's "Pan Ming" says: "If you want to be new, you will be new." The language. It is said that this dish is a big dish for Shang Tang to wash his face or take a bath. There is no record of anyone else.
Possibility 4: Zhouyi. "Songs of the South" said: "It is only a matter of time to discuss drama." It means that Fuxi once wrote the song Jia Xu Bian, and the Chu people also wrote the song Lao Shang. There are many artistic poems and folk proverbs in the hexagrams of Zhouyi. The hexagrams and poems in Zhouyi are widely used. Poetry with hexagrams is simple and rough. Nevertheless, we can still regard the divination in Zhouyi as the bud of poetry, because it not only presents the characteristics of poetry in form, but also has the artistic conception of poetry in content, which marks the bud of China's original state of poetry.
Defeat the enemy, drum, strike, cry or sing. Zhongfu 63
Trapped in a stone, according to thistle. Into his palace, but not his wife. Sleeping 63
Wait for someone! Waiting for people's songs
Possibility 5: Ge's Eight Que Songs and Fu. Ge sang "Eight Que Songs" and wrote "Eight Que Songs" to praise Fuxi's great achievements in creating the history of eastern and western civilizations. "Lu Chunqiu Ancient Music" describes "the joy of Ge in the past, three people fuck the oxtail and cast their feet with songs." The title of the Eight Que Song is "Manned, Birds, Planting Trees and Grass, Competing for Food, Respecting Heaven, Achieving Great Things, Relying on Morality, Being an Extremely Animal", and it is all about praising God, offering sacrifices to ancestors and praying for a bumper harvest. All these can be said to express the intentions of ancestors, but they are not common personal lyricism in later poems, but emotional orientation with practical group utilitarian performance, which represents the universal "hug" of people at that stage.
Possibility 6: The Song of Zhang Du by the Yellow Emperor. Zhang Du's song is included in Shui Jing Zhu. It is said that when the Yellow Emperor fought Chiyou, the army pursued the Zhanghe River and the soldiers could not cross the river. The Yellow Emperor ordered Ling Lun to compose this song. Because of its magnificent rhythm and morale, the army quickly crossed the Zhanghe River and defeated Chiyou. This song should be regarded as the oldest military song.
Possibility 7: The Song of the Yellow Emperor Drumming. The Song of the War Drum written by the Yellow Emperor has ten chapters: one is Lei Zhen, the other is Tiger Storm, the third is Bird Strike, the fourth is Dragon Media Strike, the fifth is Spirit Roar, the sixth is Carving War, the seventh is Brave Man's Struggle, and the eighth is Bear. This song was handed down by the Yellow Emperor, and it belongs to the military songs and battle songs.
Possibility 8: Qi Bo's Brother Rao. History of Rites and Music in Han Dynasty contains a short story "Rao Ge" written by Qi Bo, the envoy of the Yellow Emperor, in order to build the army by promoting virtue and persuade scholars to satirize the enemy.
Possibility 9: Fu's driving force demonstration. Fu wrote "Song of Debate" (A Note to Wang Yi of Chu Ci), and Qu Yuan wrote in "Chu Ci" that "Fuxi drives debate, and Chu Lao is just a businessman". According to the ancient book "History of Taoism", "Fuxi was born in xenophobia and was good at discipline". Xenophobia means that the enemy pool is west of Longnan today, and the waters are today, and the two places are closely connected. Archaeological discoveries in recent years show that people settled in Xihe and Lixian as early as the Neolithic Age, which is roughly equivalent to the Dadiwan era in Qin 'an about 7000 years ago, and occupies an important position in prehistoric culture in China. Today, Tianshui City, which is close to Longnan, has the largest Fuxi Culture Festival in China on May 13th of the lunar calendar, and holds a grand public sacrifice. In 2007, Li, the national leader, wrote a sentence in Fu Xi's "In order to reconcile the eight tones in the world, he began to write' driving arguments'". The song of driving debate has been lost since ancient times.
Possibility 10: Fu's Song of the Outline. Ganggege (see Yue Zhi of Sui and Tang Dynasties, Xia Houxuan's Music Theory and Yuan Jiebule). Also called "Song of Song", can't be tested.
The eleventh possibility: You Yan's Ode to You Yan. "Zhuangzi" said: Beimencheng asked the Yellow Emperor: Emperor Zhang Xianchi likes the wilderness of Dongting. The emperor said: the secret is not open, but the five senses are ready. This is called the silent heart of heavenly joy. Therefore, Yan praised it: smell its sound, not its taste. You can't see its shape. Full of heaven and earth. Wrapped in six poles.
Possibility 12: Yu Shun's Song of the South Wind. "Confucius' Family Language": "Shun plays the banjo and sings the poem of the south wind." Notes on Selected Works of Fu Qin quoted the corpse as saying: "Shun sang the southern wind as a banjo:' The smoke of the southern wind can relieve people's worries. It's brother shun. "The author of that poem is Shun. This "Song of the South Wind" should have been written by him during his southern tour, and it is the first poem in China that reflects the life of the people in the south. Song of the south wind:
There are three mountains and valleys, and the mountains are steep. Five old people in the sky greet me with songs.
There is a yellow dragon coming from the river, and the book is a snake.
The view of the case was awkward and the stone was smashed.
Birds and beasts stagger, the phoenix emperor comes to the instrument, and the triumphant wind sighs from the south.
When the coolness of the south wind blows, the sorrows of the nations can be relieved. When the south wind blows slowly, it will enrich the people's property.
Possibility 13: Hao Tao's Fuehrer's Song. The Book of Books, Hao Tao Hume:
Fuehrer, get up How happy I am! How happy I am!
Ming Shou! Good thighs and good arms! Ordinary things are healthy!
The Fuhrer is in a cluster! Lazy legs and arms! What a pity!
Possibility 14: Anonymous "Brother Tu Shan".
"Wu Yue Chun Qiu" said: Yu went to Tu Shan at the age of 30 for fear of losing his heirs at dusk. He said, "If I get married, there will be a response." And the white fox made it, saying,' The man in white is my clothes; , Wang Zhizheng also. "So people in heaped-up mountains sang this song. Yu was called because he married Tu Shan. Brother Tu Shan:
Years old white fox, Kyubi no Youko is fat. My family Jiayi, guests are king.
I grew up in a family, and I get along well with you. On the occasion of heaven and man, if you are there, you will understand!
Possibility 15: Song of Five Sons by Taikang. "Shangshu Xia Shu" contains: Xia Hou Taikang lost his country, and Wuzi wrote "Wuzi Song" to mourn. Taikang's corpse, with its escape and sense of morality, is a luxury trip, with the appearance of Luo, which has been reversed for ten years. There was a poor Houyi who was forbearing and far away from the river. Judy's five brothers guarded their mother and worried about Luo Zhi. Wuzi complained bitterly and described the ring of Dayu as a song.
One of them said, "The ancestors of the emperor taught us that people can get close, but they can't get off. The people only care about the country, which is stable and peaceful. I think a stupid husband and a stupid woman in the world can win, and one person loses three times. Resentment was in the Ming dynasty, but I can't see it as a picture. If you give it to Lin, how can you be disrespectful as the owner of the six horses? "
Secondly, he said, "there is training, but there is a lack of color inside and birds outside." Sweet wine likes music, and Yu Jun carves walls. One is here, not dead or not dead. "
Thirdly, he said, "Only Peter Tang Tao has Hebei side. Today, if you lose your way and confuse your discipline, you will perish. "
Fourthly, he said, "Obviously, my ancestor was the king of all nations. There are rules and regulations, which will make the descendants of the Jue. Guan Shi and Jun, but Wang Fu has it. Abandoning and losing is absolutely sacred! "
The fifth is: "Alas, go home? Give sorrow. What's wanjia's surname? Yu Tao is caring and Yan Hou is coy. Although I regret the virtue of Fu Shenjue? "
Possibility 16: Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Few people regard Oracle Bone Inscriptions as a poem now. It is not enough to say that Oracle Bone Inscriptions is not literature; To say yes, I also find it difficult to justify myself, and I always can't say clearly. Oracle Bone Inscriptions:
It's raining today, but it rains from the west? Is it raining in the east? It rains from the north? Is it raining in the south?
Possibility 17: Maixiuge in Ji Zi. When visiting Yin, he saw that the palace was destroyed and desolate, with wild wheat and millet everywhere. His heart was hurt, and he couldn't cry, but he was close to a woman. He wrote MaiXiuGe:
The wheat play is getting awkward, and the grain oil; Oh, that naughty boy, I don't want to be friendly with me.
Possibility 18: Boyi's Song of Picking Wei. After the King of Wu negotiated with the Shang Dynasty, the world was dominated by the Zhou Dynasty, while Boyi and Shu Qi were ashamed to eat, fled to shouyangshan, picked wild vegetables to eat, starved to death, wrote songs and picked Wei, and then died.
Climb the western hills and make good use of them. Violence is easy to be violent, and I don't know what it is.
Shennong is in danger in summer, and suddenly there is nothing. I am comfortable and safe. Sorry, my life is failing.
Possibility 19: Baiyun Ballad in Western Zhou Dynasty. "Mu Biography" contains: Going west to Kunlun Mountain to meet the "Queen Mother of the West", and the Queen Mother of the West received him in "Yaochi". When she left, the Queen Mother of the West made this song to bless it:
White clouds are in the sky and hills come out.
It's a long way, between mountains and rivers.
If the child is not dead, he can still recover.
Possibility 20: Dadong in the Western Zhou Dynasty. This is a poem written by a small eastern vassal state in the Zhou Dynasty, complaining that the royal family in the Western Zhou Dynasty pursued nothingness and labor was endless. Preface to Shi Mao indicates that the author is Dr. Tan Guo. Tan Guo is now in the southeast of Jinan City, Shandong Province. According to truffles, this area belongs to Dadong. According to the Ten Years of Zuo Zhuan and Zhuang Gong, the writing time of this poem was 684 BC, when Qi sent troops to destroy this small country because Tan was rude to him. In the early Eastern Zhou Dynasty, it could only be written before Tan's demise.
Guigui cuisine is in full swing, and jujube trees are bent long. The road is as flat as a millstone and as straight as a shaft.
Wang Can only stared at him on the road. Looking back, I feel sad and tears wet my skirt.
The fabric of the loom is empty, far and near the East. How can you freeze your feet with hemp sandals?
Proud, playboy, the road is crowded with cars. Coming and going taught me heartache, such as heartbroken.
The spring water is cool, and firewood is cut to be baptized. Sadness can't sleep, long sigh, pity us patients.
Cut off branches for firewood and go back to the truck. Poor us, patients, should rest.
Children in eastern countries, hard service, no one asked. Zhou people's bad clothes are gorgeous and fresh.
It is the boatman's son, and the bear's bear is on him. The children of those slaves are all servants in the yamen.
Some people drink alcohol, while others don't drink rice paste. Yuan, not only Germany has expertise.
Look at the Milky Way on that day, sparkling and shining. Three of the three, Vega, seven times a day.
Even if the weaver girl is busy, she can't knit a stripe well. The morning glory is shiny, and the cart can't be pulled to load the box.
Venus is called Venus in the East and Chang Gung in the West. Biba star bends long and the net is on the road.
The dustpan star is in the south, so you can't winnow the chaff. There is also a ladle, which can't be used to scoop wine.
The dustpan star is in the south, with a big tongue. There is the South Big Dipper in the north, to the west and east of the handle.
Possibility 2 1: Song of Canglang and Song of Confucianism in the Spring and Autumn Period. Song of Canglang was sung as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, and Confucius and Mencius also mentioned it. Mencius said: "A boy sang:' The clear water of surging waves can lead me to tassel; The turbid water in the rough waves can be used to drown my feet. "Confucius said,' Listen, son! Clear and transparent is enough, and turbidity is enough. " "
The song of the obedient boy, which has been circulating in Chu for a long time, was not initiated by Qu Yuan or fishermen. This is the fisherman's advice to Qu Yuan, which means to wash my hair when the rough waves are clear, and wash my feet when the rough waves are turbid. Qu Yuan would rather die than violate his own principles, while the fisherman advised Qu Yuan to judge the situation and go with the flow. The correct interpretation of Canglang Song should be: "A gentleman runs the world, being an official for politics, and hiding for chaos." This is another way of saying that "the rich can help the world and the poor can be immune to it". "The Sons' Song": The surging water is crystal clear. You can hold my tassel. The water in the rough waves is so turbid that it can be used to drown my feet.
Possibility 22: Ren Yue Song in the Spring and Autumn Period. Ancient folk songs of Zhuang and Dong nationalities in ancient China. In 528 BC, the State of Chu ordered Yin 'e to take a boat trip, with hundreds of officials and gentry. At the grand event, Vietnamese singers sang for the Hubei army, and Ayue, who knows Chu, translated songs for Zi, who was moved by this sincere singing. According to the etiquette of the Chu people, he put his hands on Yue's shoulders and solemnly covered him with a satin quilt embroidered with beautiful patterns. There is another saying: Yue Nv, who paddled in the river, worshipped him and sang a song in Vietnamese, which was a beautiful love poem that E Jun asked someone to translate in Chu. Some people say that after understanding this song and Yue Nv's heart, E Jun took her back with a smile. Yue people's songs:
What a night tonight, roaming in the river. What day is today? Together with the prince.
I'm ashamed. I don't deserve my humble opinion. Confused mood can not only satisfy the prince.
There are trees on the mountain and branches on the tree. My heart likes you. You don't know that.
Possibility 23: the song of Shennong's support. Filial piety, hook life tactic
Possibility 24: Anonymous's understanding of Jin people during the Yellow Emperor period.
Possibility 25: Mix Rao Ge by Qi Bo. Han Shu Li Lezhi
Possibility 26: the evil song of the Yellow Emperor. PseudoTibet
Possibility 27: Ten Yellow Emperor drums. PseudoTibet
Possibility 28: Yu Jizhen of the Yellow Emperor. Liu Xiewen's new carving dragon
Possibility 29: The Yellow Emperor's "Zhu". Liu Xiewen's new carving dragon
Possibility 30: Anonymous Yao Jie. Huainanzi
Possible Trinity: Anonymous "The Ballad of Kangqu". Liezi
Possibility 32: Yu Shun's Song of Support. Book classics
Possibility 33: Yu Shun's Song. Book classics
Possibility 3 or 4: Anonymous Xia Yan. Mencius
Possibility 35: Xia Zhen is anonymous. Yizhoushu
Possibility 36: Song of the Priest by Anonymous. Liu Xu
Possibility 37: Anonymous "Dai Jie has Tang Ge". PseudoTibet
Possibility 38: Shang Tang's Sanglin Pray for Rain. xunzi
Possibility 39: Anonymous Shang Tang Oath. minister
Possibility 40: inscription containing blessings. In the late Shang dynasty, three-character poems. The inscriptions on bronze vessels have not been completely deciphered.