Main attractions of Heping ancient town

Since the establishment of the discipline, Peace has produced 137 scholars, which is known as the hometown of scholars, which is closely related to the Peace Academy with a history of thousands of years. What we are seeing now is the Qingshi Road leading to the Peace College, through which many peace students became famous. Heping Academy was founded by Huangqiao (87 1-953) in the late Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Huang Qiao's father went from Henan to Shaowu as an official, and found that Taiping water was flowing westward, which was unusual, so he settled down in Taiping. His son really proved that peace and feng shui are good. He was admitted to the imperial examination at the age of eighteen, and served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry in the Tang Dynasty after the Five Dynasties. When Huang Qiao was an official in North Korea, his greatest ambition was to "restore the Tang Dynasty". When he felt that there was no hope of restoring the Tang Dynasty, he abandoned his official position and retired, and founded the Peace Academy. Huang Qiao married three concubines (Shangguan Shi, Wu and Zheng), each of whom gave birth to seven sons, totaling 2 1. On his eightieth birthday, he called the sons of 2 1 together for a family meeting, ordered each room to live permanently, and died of filial piety. The other 18 sons each got a horse and a bucket of melon seeds, and also took the poem "Send the Son" as a farewell: "I believe the horse will travel far away and find a scenic spot. Being far away from here is not my place, but being in a foreign land is my hometown. Don't forget to ask your relatives in the morning and evening. You must recommend ancestor steaming in the Spring and Autumn Period. Manyun's wealth is determined by heaven, and Sanqi men should be self-reliant. " Because of his pioneering thought, by the 20th century, the descendants of Huangqiao had spread all over the world, reaching more than 40 million people. Shaowu Heping Ancient Town has become a link between more than 40 million descendants of the Yellow River at home and abroad.

The design of the north gate of Heping Academy is very particular, with the top shaped like an official hat, which embodies the idea that studying is an official in the old society, and "learning well is an official". The three doors form a word "quality", which means to be a senior official. To enter the hall of the college, you must climb thirteen steps. The first six steps are to study hard. Starting from the seventh level, you will get seven grades to one grade, which means you will be promoted step by step. The carved moon beam above the gate looks like an open book, which means "opening a book is beneficial". The "scroll" was originally inlaid with the words "open sky moire", but it is a pity that it is no longer there. When Heping Academy was founded, it was a school run by Huang clan, which was specially set up for the children of clan, creating a precedent for running schools by peaceful clan. The surnames and clans in the south of Shaowu competed to follow suit, and since then, clans have become accustomed to running schools. Since the Song Dynasty, Heping Academy has gradually become a local school, attracting a large number of historical celebrities to give lectures in the academy, such as Zhu, a famous Neo-Confucianism master in the Song Dynasty. It is said that the word "Peace College" on the east gate of the existing Peace College was inscribed by Zhu. The development of peaceful history and culture education has created an atmosphere of peaceful learning for more than 1000 years, and the style of writing is booming, creating a group of outstanding people. For example, in the Song Dynasty, Cheng Huangtong of Dali, Huang Shen of Sinong, Shangguan Jun of Longge, the second in command, the compilation of national history of the Yuan Dynasty, and Huang Qinglao, a writer, all came from Heping Academy. Peace College can be said to be the cradle of talents in Shaonan. The book "Peace Academy" is still in the sleeves of the villagers. Lizhai

There is an old scholar's memorial archway beside the East Gate Street in Heping, which is the only old scholar's memorial archway in Heping. It was built by Li Youdu, a scholar in the 27th year of Kangxi (1688), and rebuilt during the Tongzhi period. In the 27th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1688), the descendants of a branch of the seventh son of Li Gang, a famous figure in the Southern Song Dynasty, lived in peace, and their place was called "Li Jiaxiang". According to Li Shi in Qin Dynasty, there were three Jinshi in this lane in Qing Dynasty, so it was also called "Jinshi Lane". Passing through Jinshi Lane is Li Zhai, and the gatehouse is quaint and spectacular. Lizhai is the only remaining two Ming Dynasty buildings in the ancient town. Its structural feature is that the large courtyard is independent and the small courtyards are connected. The patio pays attention to the four waters returning to the hall and adopts open ditch diversion. Two huge pillars stand in front of the main hall, which is one of the architectural features of the Ming Dynasty.

Shrida Defoe

Located at the east gate of Heping Ancient Town. This door is the "one doctor and nine doctors" in the late Qing Dynasty. Dr. Li, built in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, was the residence of Zheng Feng, Li Chunjiang of breg, Feng Zhi and Li Tong of Zhou Zhili, commonly known as "Li Hengsheng" (meaning everlasting). The brick carving of the gatehouse is exquisite, the characters are lifelike and beautiful. There are four allusions in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms on the eight-character wall: "Chop Yan Liang", "Huarong Road", "Changbanpo", "Bowangpo" and "Song Taizu sent Jingniang a thousand miles away", as well as beautifully carved pictures of pine, bamboo, plum, crane, deer and unicorn. Carving dragons is a typical product of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, and its historical characteristics are very obvious. Dafudi building covers an area of 1 1,000 square meters. It is a courtyard building with a wooden two-story doorman on the south side. The three halls in the courtyard are all three-bay, bucket structure and large-scale practice. The door lattice, pane, sparrow body double and other components are engraved with flower patterns and character stories. There is a fork at the base of the stone pillar. On the column of the main hall, there used to be a profound couplet carved with heavy bamboo pieces: the first loyal minister and dutiful son in the world; There are only two things in the world: ploughing and reading. It fully embodies the traditional Confucian culture-loyalty and filial piety and long-term farming and reading culture. Standing in the center of the third hall, you can see from a distance that the roof of the second hall is decorated with a ridge shaped like a monster, which is simple and mysterious.

Huangdafudi

Doctor Huang is the residence of Huang Yingbi, the 19th grandson of the Zheng family, in Huangqiao Sanfang. From Yongzheng to Jiaqing, Huang's three generations were named doctors, known as "one doctor and three doctors". Huang Yingbi was a doctor of Feng Zhi in the 17th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18 12), and was a five-grade magistrate of Zhili Prefecture. Huang's "Great Happiness" and "Big Owner". Huang's "Dafudi" is located in the north gate of the town, with three courtyards, which are located on the east and west sides of Heping Street, covering an area of more than 2,000 square meters. The two buildings on the east side of the street are connected side by side, east and west. The original garden and stage in the back room, unfortunately, the stage has been demolished. Only in 2 1 century, when a stage was built in a peaceful residence, this case was found, which was unique and really rare. There is a street in the west, sitting west and facing east. Doctor Huang's main hospital has exquisite architectural skills. Masonry archway-style eight-character gatehouse, beautifully carved and magnificent. The four main pictures are carved with plum, bamboo, pine, golden pheasant, crane and other things by rough freehand brushwork, which is a harmonious metaphor of "ROY Song prolongs the year", "wealth lasts forever", "bamboo reports peace" and "splendid happy events". It has both profound cultural connotation and strong local characteristics. The main courtyard has three halls, the main hall has one hall and three patios, all of which have three bays, and the south side has a bathroom. The house is a bucket structure, with a large building scale, small and meticulous wooden components, and beautifully carved melon columns, moon beams, sparrows, flower windows and partition fans. In addition to beautifully carved flowers and plants, the flower window also carved bats and deer. The bat symbolizes "blessing" and the deer symbolizes "Lu", which fully embodies the master's good wishes for blessing. The patio here is drained by underground ditches, and the leaking place is designed in the shape of copper coins, which means "rich water does not flow out of the field"

Liao Shi da Defoe

Liao's "Dafudi", also known as "Liao Jianshun", was built during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, and was the residence of Liao Chuanzhen, a Korean doctor and an alternate judge in Guangdong. In the late Qing Dynasty, the three generations of Liao family "one doctor and four doctors" were also Confucianism, officials and businessmen. Doctor Liao has four yards, covering an area of more than 2,000 square meters. There are two courtyards facing the street, three entrances, two halls and three patios, with front shops and back houses. The two buildings in the west gate face east. The main courtyard has three entrances, two halls and two patios, and the other courtyard has a single entrance hall. Simon Liao's main courtyard has three halls, covering an area of more than 500 square meters. The gate is a little inclined, and it is due west, which is one of the characteristics of Dr. Liao. The first entrance of the main courtyard is outside the main entrance building, with only corridors on both sides and a study upstairs, which is called "Kezi Building". There are only a few brick carvings of flowers and plants in the gatehouse, which are unpretentious; The gate is engraved with the three characters of "Dafu Land" in regular script, which is powerful and powerful. The carvings and couplets of "Kezilou" are exquisite and have rich and profound cultural connotations. It is an excellent work of art and the embodiment of traditional culture. Its architecture absorbs western architectural culture, which is the historical symbol and witness of the germination of Chinese capitalism. There is a Cooper in the south gallery, which existed before the gallery was built. When building a house, it is the architectural embodiment of China's ancient philosophy to emphasize the harmony between nature, time and space and people, and to pay attention to environmental coordination and ecological protection. A poem entitled "Through the cypress" wrote: "Rooted under the carved porch, it dries through the shade of the roof. The color of the carved gallery is old, but Bai Qing is still fresh. " This is a true portrayal of cypress. The plaque of "Xianxiao" in the hall was praised by Zhu En, the main hall of Shaowu House in the late Qing Dynasty, and by Liao Dechang's wife and Liao Yutang's wife Yuefu. Fu Yiren is virtuous and filial, enthusiastic about public welfare, and is recognized as a good wife and mother. Dr. Liao's quadrangle faces the street, with three entrances, two halls and three patios, with a front shop and a back room. The house has a barrel structure and three bays. Carved patterns of flowers and plants, historical stories, etc. The window grilles are carved with allusions in Twenty-four Filial Pieties, such as Wang Xiang's "Sleeping on the ice for carp", Huang Xiang's "Asking mosquitoes for blood" and Meng Zong's crying for bamboo shoots. In addition, there are also famous stories in history, such as the story of Xiao He chasing Han Xin under the moon and Guan Yu releasing Cao Cao in Huarong Road. These carvings are exquisite and vivid.

In addition, there are Sima Di, Langguan Di, Enguang House and Gong Yuan House in Heping Ancient Town.

Langguanzhai

Langguan government, located on the west side of the main street of the ancient town, is one of the two existing Langguan governments. This Langguan residence has a simple facade, but the brick window lattice is exquisite and profound. The window lattice is finely carved with blue bricks, and carved with four objects: piano, chess, book and painting, which fully shows the artistic taste of Du Fu, a calligrapher in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty.

"Enguang" House

The "Enguang" house is located at the north gate of the ancient town. The gate of this house is made of blue bricks, and there are several brick carvings, which are simple and generous. The word "Enguang" is engraved on the bluestone board at the door, and the strokes are vigorous and powerful. The "Enguang" house has two characteristics: first, the gate faces north, which is extremely rare in peacetime; Second, the hall is not behind the patio, but beside it, which is different from other ancient houses. There are two pagodas in the northeast of Heping Ancient Town. The East Gate Tower is a three-eaved mountain-resting type, and the other three towers are all two-eaved. East Gate Pagoda, the entrance is made of stone strips and the wall is made of pebbles. This stone at the foot of the city wall, which is "forbidden to move and protect the place", is one of the "three forbidden monuments of the old city" of peace and was established in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, because there were fewer landlords and more farmers, farmers always gave most of their harvest to landlords. Crop failure, rising food prices, the landlord transported most of the grain to Shaowu Chengguan or Fuzhou, resulting in grain-producing areas becoming grain-deficient areas, and farmers faced the threat of hunger. Therefore, this monument was set up and guarded by turns, stipulating that all grain transported privately must be confiscated or purchased at a low price, so it played a role in maintaining the grain market at that time. The North Gate Pagoda is called "Wuyang Pagoda" by local people, because the opposite mountain is called Wuyang Mountain, which was renovated during Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty. The doorway of the city gate is made of stone, which is higher than the doorway of the east gate. On both sides of the city gate, a section of Ming city wall made of cobblestones was reserved. The pebbles are covered with moss, green weeds grow in the crevices, and wild flowers bloom in all seasons, which is full of poetry and painting. Wind and rain, witness the sunset for a hundred years; The antique city gate ushered in many ancient towns, both happy and sad. Shan Lou has gone through a long time. Although the description of many-hued is fragmented, it leaves an intriguing history of the ancient town.

The orientation of Heping ancient dwellings is mostly west to east or east to west. This orientation causes the sun to shine on the hall for a long time from above the patio in summer, which makes the hall extremely hot. In order to solve the problem of summer vacation, there are two ways to shade the houses here, namely, the track push-pull type and the louver type. Dr. Huang's two courtyards facing west adopt the track push-pull shading method. In this way, a movable mechanism is arranged on the beam in front of the eaves of the hall, and oyster slices are used as a sun visor, which can not only shade the sun but also light. If you want to shade the sun, pull the cable of the mechanism, and the sun visor will run along the track above the patio until it is completely blocked; When the cable is pulled in the opposite direction, the sun visor will move backwards. Another kind of rotating shaft, that is, the rotating shaft used to roll the shade cloth. Dr. Liao used this kind of shading method. The "Xie's Granary" located at the south gate, also known as "Xie's Granary", is a building in the middle of Qing Dynasty. Its appearance is a quadrangle made of brick barrels. Wind-fire wall has obvious Huizhou architectural features, covering an area of about 2000 square meters. The granary is made of wood, and the ground of the granary is 20-30 cm from the ground to prevent moisture. Most of the granaries are well preserved, which is a rare main granary in ancient manor.

The old town is located in the east of the ancient town. As early as the Ming Dynasty, Ping An built a warehouse. Yicang is mainly used to help orphans, the poor and victims of famine years. The existing Yicang, built in the 13th year of Guangxu (1887), covers an area of nearly 400 square meters. The exterior of the building is a quadrangle with barrel walls and stacked walls, and there are four warehouses, which can store more than 65,438+0,000 stones. Due to years of disrepair, the Yicang we see now is very shabby. The rules and regulations of Yicang carved on the slate embedded in the wall and the merit monument for building Yicang are still clearly discernible. There are Tianhou Palace, Wanshou Palace and Sanxian Palace in Heping Ancient Town, and the valley is called "Three Palaces in the Old City".

Tianhou Palace is located in the north of Guzhen District, facing east and west, facing the street. Built in the eighth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1858), it was dedicated to Empress Mazu. In the history of Shaowu, the paper industry was developed. In the Qing Dynasty, Taiping Liao Jianshun and Li Jiazu went to Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Tianjin and other places to trade paper products, so they became rich. Tianhou Palace was built by Liao Jianshun, Li and others. Covering an area of more than 400 square meters, it has two halls and a stage. Every Lantern Festival, a wooden statue of Mazu is carried in an official sedan chair carried by eight people, paraded in the streets and performed in the palace. Tianhou Palace usually doubles as "Fuzhou Guild Hall", which is a gathering place for paper merchants to discuss business and exchange paper markets.

Wanshou Palace is located in the north of Guzhen District, facing east and west and facing the street. It was built by businessmen who traveled to Shao, Jiangxi Province in the middle of Qing Dynasty. Covering an area of about 500 square meters, it has four columns and three single doors, and is a splayed gatehouse with three Chinese characters "Wanshou Palace" engraved on the bluestone board of the lintel. Brick carving is rich in content and exquisite in skill. There are two halls, and the upper one is a giant statue dedicated to Xu Zhenjun. In fact, the palace is regarded as "Jiangxi Guild Hall", which is a place for peaceful assembly and activities of Jiangxi businessmen.

On the northeast side of the east gate of the ancient town, there is a Taoist temple-Sanxian Palace, also known as Lingxian Palace, which sits west facing east and is the upper and lower hall dedicated to the statues of Qiu, Wang and Guo Sanxian.

"Yan Xi Baoyan" is located on the west side of Heping Street, more than 30 meters away from Huang's "Dafu Land", and it is the only election hall in the town. Yan Xi Baoyan was built in Yuan Dynasty, but it was destroyed several times later. The existing main building was built in the Qing Dynasty and was renovated in the 1980s. You can see Maitreya Buddha as soon as you enter the door. His stomach can hold everything in the world, and he laughs at all the ridiculous people in the world as soon as he opens his mouth. The Hall of Great Heroes is dedicated to Guanyin Bodhisattva. Heping ancient town retains complete ancient streets and lanes. There are two streets in the castle, connecting the east and west doors and the south and north doors respectively. The streets are criss-crossed with large and small alleys, with bluestone slabs in the middle and pebbles on both sides, and some are all river pebbles. Gucheng Street, which runs through the north and south of the ancient town, is known as "the first street in Fujian". The ancient street is more than 600 meters long and 6-8 meters wide. The middle of the street is paved with bluestone slabs. Due to the topographical relationship between high in the north and low in the south, the street has formed a "nine bends and thirteen bends" like a flying dragon. On both sides of the ancient street, nearly 100 ancient stone lanes crisscross, long or short, wide or narrow, with high walls and narrow lanes, simple and remote. There are many ancient dwellings, which have both the ancient style of the Central Plains and local characteristics, and can be called the treasures of ancient dwellings. The old houses on both sides of Dongmen Street are crowded, mostly brick and wood structures. Slates are laid on the street, and the stones are smooth. After the rain, they are as bright as a mirror and picturesque. Every 100 meters in the street, there are chessboard-like patterns paved with stones, which are called chessboard stones by locals.

When you enter heping town, you will be amazed at its traditional culture, simple folk customs and rich specialties. The "Peace Academy" is still full of books in the sleeves of the villagers, and the folk custom of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching permeates the students. Primitive Nuo dance, wedding folk customs, fish farming in rice fields, planting beans in ridges and listening to the tour guide introduce ancient folk customs are all enjoyment. Farmhouse water wine, peace carp, peace tofu, peace rice flour, Guanyin tea, etc. Let tourists appreciate the leisure and warmth of the Millennium ancient town.

It is a folk song full of local flavor of Nanwuyi, which has been sung from far away until now. It is a simple pearl, from far away to today; It is a museum with a long history, shaking off the dust and leaving behind precious things. It is a peaceful ancient town that miraculously preserved more than 300 ancient houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Heping town, located in the south of Shaowu, is an ancient cultural town with a history of more than 4,000 years. It was the main throat route from Shaowu to Jiangxi, Taining, Jianning and Tingzhou in ancient times, and "Sorrow Ridge", one of the three roads out of Fujian, was in Taiping territory, so it became a battleground for military strategists. Since the Tang Dynasty, the system of Li, Xiang and county division has been established one after another. There are many cultural relics here, including castles, pagodas, county offices, the "Jukui Building" inscribed by Yuan Chonghuan, a famous strategist and national hero in the late Ming Dynasty, the earliest academy in the history of northern Fujian, many temples, ancestral temples and Yicang, and nearly 300 residential buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with exquisite architectural skills and exquisite carving. The well-preserved 600-meter-long ancient street is known as "the first street in Fujian". The reading atmosphere here is rich, the style of writing is booming, and people are outstanding. From the Tang Dynasty to the abolition of the imperial examination, 137 Jinshi were peacefully produced, which was known as the "hometown of Jinshi". There are quite rich folk literature, folk music, drama and dance relics here. There are more than 70 kinds of dances, mainly including ancient painting lanterns, Qiao Qi lanterns, walking on stilts, and knife dancing. What is particularly precious is Nuo dance, which began in the slave society under peaceful preservation and can be described as a living fossil of ancient culture. Walking into the quiet alleys of the ancient town, the long ancient rhyme comes to my face, which makes people open their eyes and sigh and daydream.

Peace was called "Heping" in ancient times, which means flat terrain and abundant grains. This is an ancient castle. In the Neolithic Age, the ancestors of the ancient Yue lived here. The recorded history began in the Tang Dynasty. It was called "Zhou Jin" in the Tang Dynasty and "Heping Lane in Zhou Jin Township" in the Song Dynasty. Because of the dense population in the Tang Dynasty, a prosperous market was formed, and it was also called "Old Town Street" after the Song Dynasty. Yuan inherited the Song system. The Ming Dynasty was the "thirty-three capitals", and during the Wanli period, towers and castles were built peacefully. Qing Qianlong thirty-four years (1769), peace county.

In the twenty years of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1592), some big families were often harassed and plundered by bandits. At the initiative of Huang and Huang Ruoqi, the Huang ethnic group, they built Ping 'an Fort. The castle is 360 feet in circumference and covers an area of 0.43 square kilometers. The construction of the Peace Castle is based on local materials, all made of river pebbles, which is unique. The castle has four doors, four small doors, four main doors in the east, west, north and south, and watchtowers are built on the doors for observation.

There are many rich houses and valuable buildings in Heping ancient town.

The alleys paved with bluestone slabs and pebbles crisscross the castle, and the smooth pebbles record the prosperity and vicissitudes of the ancient town.