Shi (18801.2 ——19341.1.3), a famous scholar, was born in Jiangning District, Nanjing. He was an outstanding businessman, journalist, educator and newspaper magnate in modern China, and an outstanding newspaper operator.
19 12 as the general manager of Shenbao. 1934165438+1October 13, was assassinated by a Kuomintang spy.
Chinese name: Shi.
Alias: Shi Jiaxiu
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Nanjing
Date of birth: 1880 1.2.
Date of death:1934165438+10/0/3.
Occupation: newspaper manager
Graduate school: Hangzhou Silkworm Society
Main achievements: general manager of Shenbao, newspaper tycoon.
Representative works: Shen Bao
The life of the character
Shi (1880- 1934), an outstanding businessman, educator and newspaper king, was the best journalist in China at the beginning of last century. As a newspaper king in Shanghai, Shi once said a famous saying: "If there is a state, there must be a man."
1899 scholar, 190 1 year was admitted to Hangzhou sericulture institute (now Zhejiang Sci-Tech University). He once founded Zheng Yang Primary School in Sijing. After graduating from the Silkworm Academy, a female sericulture school was established in Shanghai on 1904 (the school was later moved to Xushuguan, Suzhou). At the same time, he taught in Nanyang Middle School, Yucai School, Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau Ordnance School and Wuben Girls' School, and initiated the organization of Jiangsu General Association with Huang Yanpei. In order to oppose the Qing court borrowing money from foreign powers to build roads, he participated in the movement to recover road rights and was promoted to the director of Jiangsu Railway Company.
1908 is the editor-in-chief of Time. After the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, he participated in the Jiangsu independence movement, cleaned up the financial affairs of Jiang Customs, and was elected as a member of the Jiangsu Provincial Assembly. During the period of 19 12, during the negotiation between Nanjing Provisional Government and Yuan Shikai, Shi participated in the North-South negotiation, and held public office in Shanghai Customs Clearance Office and Songjiang Salt Bureau for a period of time.
History witnessed the failure of the Revolution of 1911 and the evolution of political power, and gradually saw the power struggle and intrigue between reactionary warlords and rogue politicians. Disappointed with politics, he turned his main energy to journalism, trying to supervise the authorities through the power of public opinion, so as to shake things out and make things clear.
19 12 years, joint ventures such as Shi, Zhang Jian, Ying Dehong and Zhao Fengchang purchased the Declaration for 120,000 yuan. Shen Bao was founded in 1872 by Ernest Major, an Englishman. It is the oldest newspaper in modern China. 1909, Ernest Major returned to China and sold the newspaper to Xi yufu. Due to poor management, the circulation of Shenbao was only more than 7,000 copies, which caused losses year after year, and Xi had to sell it by hand.
After taking over Shen Bao, Shi became the general manager. In order to give full play to his ambition, he was not bound. In 19 16, he bought the equity of a joint venture and operated Shenbao exclusively. In order to change the situation of poor management of Shenbao, Shi won the investment of bourgeois funds in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and at the same time used management talents such as Zhang Zhuping, Feng Zipei and Wang Yaoqin, which gradually modernized Shenbao. Shi developed advertising business with a far-sighted vision, which greatly increased the income and social influence of newspapers. He analyzed the market situation with extraordinary business sense, accumulated cheap paper in time and reduced costs. More importantly, Shi pays attention to social hotspots and boasts that "freedom of speech and impartiality are the mouthpiece of the people". He often stressed to newspaper staff: "The newspaper is the mouthpiece of the people. In addition to the oppression of special forces, it always says something to make the people stand up. "
Shenbao dared to attack the abuses of the times and expose the dark rule of the authorities, so its reputation was greatly improved and its circulation increased sharply. 10 In October, Lord Northcliffe, a British newspaper magnate and owner of The Times, came to China. After visiting Shenbao Museum, he praised it as the era of China. By 193 1, the daily circulation of the newspaper had increased to150,000, and the annual profit was100,000 yuan. Its sales volume and influence had caught up with the best-selling newspapers in China at that time. 1927 bought all the property rights of Current Affairs News, 1929 bought most of the shares of News from American businessman John Calvin Ferguson, and became the largest newspaper group in Shanghai and even the whole country.
After the September 18th Incident, Shi felt the connection between the loss of the country and the civil war, and was very dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "entering the customs first". Generation showed strong national feelings and patriotism, more radical thoughts, more distinct political attitudes, and began the biggest turning point in life. Under his auspices, Shenbao became the mouthpiece of anti-Japanese progressive forces.
1932 1 month, Shi established the "Renshen Club" in Shanghai Hatong Road Apartment, and its members were mainly patriotic national capitalists and progressive intellectuals. They often get together to discuss countermeasures against Japanese aggression. In order to arouse the patriotic enthusiasm of all walks of life, Shi initiated and organized the local maintenance meeting of Shanghai citizens on the basis of the club. At the inaugural meeting, Shi swore to conquered people, "I hope I won't be a ghost of national subjugation before my death", and called on the people of China to "go forward and fight against Japan to save the country".
In the struggle against the reactionary Kuomintang authorities, Shi forged a deep friendship with the famous democrats Soong Ching Ling and others. "Shen Bao" made an all-round follow-up report on these just activities of China Rights Protection League, which expanded the social influence of China Rights Protection League. From 1932 to 1933, Shi also founded several social and cultural undertakings. Among them are Shen Bao, a monthly magazine edited by Yu Songhua, Shen Bao's mobile library hosted by Li Gongpu, Shen Bao's amateur practice school hosted by Li Gongpu and Shen Bao's women's practice school. These progressive commonweal cultural undertakings have contributed to China society and trained a large number of progressive young people for the anti-Japanese and national salvation work.
1934 10 Shi went to his residence, Qiushui Villa, Hangzhou, to recuperate because of the recurrence of stomach trouble. 1 13 years 10 13 night, was assassinated by Kuomintang agents on his way home.
Mr. Zhang Taiyan praised in "Stone Epitaph": "The straightness of the stone family originated from. The son inherits his flow and works hard. " "Only the husband has a white chest, but he is comfortable."
Zhi Dou Yuan Shikai
Intend to buy off
After Yuan Shikai stole the president, he began to dream of being an emperor, restoring the monarchy in an all-round way, setting up an organization to publicize the monarchy, and instigating cronies to form a petition group from all walks of life to demand a change in the state system. Yuan Shikai was well aware of the power of public opinion, and used coercion and inducement to get newspapers to advocate his restoration of monarchy. Considering the importance of newspapers in Shanghai, a giant port in the southeast, he allocated a special fund of10.5 million yuan to send Xue, a royal scholar and general manager of Asia Daily, to bribe newspapers in the south. Shenbao is the first choice for its acquisition, because it is a senior newspaper in Shanghai, with a circulation of over 10,000 copies, wide coverage and great influence, and its general manager Shi is a celebrity in the press.
As soon as Xue arrived in Shanghai, he began to move in the dark. He has a friend named Zhao's son, who works as a secretary in Shenbao. He asked his secretary Zhao to take a message to Shi, saying that as long as Shenbao doesn't speak out against imperialism and supports Yuan Shikai as emperor, he can give him a large allowance.
At that time, Shi was suffering from an unjust lawsuit and was awarded huge compensation. The economic situation was very difficult. Xue thought Shi was short of money, but he could shut him up. Unexpectedly, he was rejected.
Publicly refuse to accept bribes
Shi asked the secretary to tell Xue that the responsibility of the newspaper is higher than that of the sky, but this is in my conscience, not by subsidies. Not only that, he also drafted the Library Bulletin, announced that the main office of the library management department was open to the public, and revealed the conspiracy of bribers and their intention to refuse to pay bribes.
The notice of our library was published on the home page of Shenbao 1965438+ on September 3, 2005, with striking position and font. The announcement came straight to the point. As soon as it came up, it was pointed out that the reason for publishing this announcement was: "Someone came to Shanghai Sports Publishing House with the money of10.5 million and advocated changing the state system." Then, it shows the ethics of never accepting bribes: "According to our colleagues, since we took over on October 20, 2000/KLOC-0, up to today, all shareholders, except the operating surplus, all librarians and chief writers of the library have never received any subsidies or transfers from other organs or individuals except their salaries."
In response to this bribe, Shi solemnly stated his principled position that he must abide by: "If someone comes this time, he will stick to this ambition. The purpose of this newspaper is to safeguard the true happiness of most people at that time, not to talk about theory and novelty, so every time something happens, we should look at the interests of real people, hold our conscience and say a point, which is consistent, although there are few hasty words and no repetitive tone. This time, the change of the Preparatory Committee's theory of state system was made without foreign invasion, the state chaos was slightly fixed, and under the Republican regime, it was self-disturbing for no reason. It's hard to agree that one day there will be a Republic. Hereby published. "
Oppose the monarchy
65438+February 65438+February 65438, Yuan Shikai announced the restoration of the imperial system and ordered to change 19 16 to "the first year of Hongxian" and abolish the Republic of China era. Shi argued at the meeting of Shanghai Daily Association, a newspaper trade organization in Shanghai, that the newspaper masthead does not need a chronology of Hong Xian. Sure enough, by 65438+ 10/in the first year of Hongxian, Shenbao still followed the era of "five years of the Republic of China", and many newspapers in Shanghai followed suit.
Day after day, 10 days passed, and the headline of Shenbao was still the year of the Republic of China without the word "Hong Xian". Yuan Shikai was furious when he learned that, and urged the Ministry of the Interior to order Daoyin Shanghai Office to investigate. There is a sentence in it: If newspapers in Shanghai are still in use for five years this year, they should be notified immediately. If they continue to use it, they will be strictly banned and stopped mailing according to newspaper regulations.
Shanghai Haidao Bank copied the message of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to the Shanghai Daily Association, "I hope to change it immediately." 65438+ 10/month 1 1, and the daily newspaper association forwarded it to the declared museum. With great wisdom and courage, Shi took advantage of the loophole in the official document "looking for people who used the five years of the Republic of China" and only made the headline "Five years of the Republic of China" in 1. 12, instead of "Hongxian era". And through a "notice", the Ministry of Internal Affairs issued a telegram announcing that "this museum is no longer in use."
65438124 October, Shi received an official letter from the Daily Newspaper Association from the Shanghai Police Department, to the effect that if he did not use Hongxian Times, the postal service would be stopped by the Ministry, and if he failed to do so within three days, all newspapers would be prohibited from being sold and confiscated.
Clever resistance
In order to make the newspaper survive and continue to play the role of the people's mouthpiece, Shi had to agree to the reform, but he still played a "trick". First, add the word "Hongnian" after the fourth line of registration, that is, date, week, month and day of the old calendar year, while the original year of the Republic of China is very eye-catching in the first line of registration; Second, the original font in the year of the Republic of China was equivalent to the current small No.5, while "Hong Xiannian" was only equivalent to the current No.8, so small as sesame seeds that even the strokes could not be distinguished. Of course, readers are well aware of this.
dependent event
19 12 autumn, at the time of rapid social transformation, 32-year-old Shi got the support of industrialists such as Zhang Jian, and bought the 40-year-old Shenbao from Zipei for 120,000 yuan (signed on September 23rd of that year, officially on October 20th of that year 10. Graduated from Hangzhou Sericulture School, founded a sericulture girls' school in Shanghai, worked as a part-time and full-time editor of The Times, and was exposed to modern newspaper industry. It was he who carried forward Shenbao and developed it into one of the most influential newspapers in China, which shone brilliantly in the history of newspaper industry for a hundred years. In the fifth year of the Republic of China (19 16), Zhang Jian's shares in Shenbao were paid off, so Shenbao got rid of Zhang Jian's influence. Since he became the general manager, he began to change the layout. The main content of Shenbao is to interview major events and social news at home and abroad, and criticize current politics from time to time, such as opposing Yuan Shikai's restoration of monarchy. In order to expand the market, Shi recruited some scholars of Yuanyang Butterfly School, presided over the supplement "Free Talk" for him, and serialized many novels of talented people and beautiful women. With his painstaking efforts, the sales volume of Shenbao increased greatly, and Shi's prestige in the press also increased continuously. 1927 bought the news equity and became the king of Shanghai newspaper industry. With his strength in the newspaper industry, he developed into other industries. 192 1 participated in the establishment of Zhongnan Bank, and also initiated the establishment of Minsheng Cotton Mill to help expand Wuzhou Pharmacy and help revive Zhonghua Bookstore. His strength is increasing day by day. He bought a mansion on Harbin Road (now Tongren Road) with a garden rockery, which is wonderful and beautiful.
As a representative of the national bourgeoisie, he dared not openly oppose the warlords and Chiang Kai-shek, thinking that newspapers are the tongue of the people and can only stand up if they speak for the people. 193 1 After the September 18th Incident, the position of patriotism and democracy was strengthened. He hired Huang Yanpei, a patriotic Democrat, as the design minister of Shenbao, and asked Li Gongpu to run the circulating library and amateur tutorial school of Shenbao. He changed the face of Free Talk, hired progressive writer Li Levin to publish new literary works, and often published works of more progressive left-wing writers such as Sardinia by Ba Jin and Lin Jiapu by Mao Dun. Hu Yuzhi's "World Politics in Turbulence" and other progressive articles were published in the inaugural issue of Shenbao. He thought that Shen Bao was organized in the Shanghai Concession and the Kuomintang government could not help him, so he often criticized the major political and economic measures of the Kuomintang government. With his consent, Shen Bao also published Lu Xun and Tao Xingzhi's articles against Chiang Kai-shek's regime under the pseudonym of "excluding Cao Ting's house husband" and published several "anti-bandit comments" against Chiang Kai-shek's siege of the Red Army. In the name of Central South Bank, he refused to subscribe for huge bonds when attending the Nanjing Economic Conference, and also donated huge sums of money during the anti-Japanese period of the 19th Route Army in Shanghai. These actions made Chiang Kai-shek deeply dissatisfied.
1June, 932, Duan xipeng, a part-time principal of Nanjing Central University, was beaten. At that time, the post of president of CUHK was suspended for nearly half a year, and the funds accumulated for half a year. Therefore, when Duan Xipeng, the second minister of the Ministry of Education of the Executive Yuan, was appointed as the principal, the students who were already dissatisfied regarded Duan as a bureaucratic politician who did not meet the selection criteria of the principal and questioned Duan face to face, while Duan threatened to arrest the students who shouted first, thus causing a student tide. Shen Bao truthfully reported the ins and outs of this incident, and published a commentary, arguing that the root of the deterioration of education lies in the invasion of bureaucracy, and criticized many political and military initiatives of the Kuomintang government. In a rage, Zhu Jiahua, then Minister of Education, listed the crimes that Shenbao endangered the Party and the country and reported them to Chiang Kai-shek. 1932 in August, garrison headquarters, Shanghai, ordered all the Kuomintang-controlled areas outside the Shanghai Concession to prohibit mailing Shenbao. After seeking help from Shi Duofang, Chiang Kai-shek lifted the ban, but asked the Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang of the Communist Party of China to send personnel to guide the editing and distribution of Shenbao. He was dissatisfied with the "non-resistance" policy of the Kuomintang authorities, agreed with Soong Ching Ling's political views, and published the full text of Song's declaration in Shen Bao. He also published an editorial in sympathy with the students' anti-Japanese and national salvation movement. He said: "People have personality, report and report, state-owned and national character, three grids do not exist, people must be inhuman, report and report, and the country is not a country!" Resisted various pressures exerted by the Kuomintang authorities.
After the Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai, Shanghai Local Maintenance Association was reorganized into Shanghai Local Association, and it was still promoted to president. Support Soong Ching Ling, Cai Yuanpei and Yang Xingfo's "Defend China Civil Rights League" movement, and oppose the Kuomintang authorities' civil war of "suppressing bandits" regardless of national peril. Therefore, the "Shen Bao" was banned by Chiang Kai-shek for 35 days. The Kuomintang authorities appointed the executive director of Zhongshan Culture and Education Museum and the chairman of Shanghai Provisional Senate, not to win over, but to pretend to be a snake.
Because of the progressive tendency in thought, the threats and inducements of the Kuomintang authorities were useless, so they were resented. After The Direct Fuse published an article about the motherland, Chiang Kai-shek approved six scarlet letters after reading it, and announced that mailing was prohibited, so it was closed for 35 days. Later, when taking a photo with Chiang Kai-shek at a meeting, Chiang Kai-shek threatened to say "I have 65,438+0,000 troops", but historically, "I have 65,438+".
At the end of 1933, Soong Ching Ling drafted an English declaration in the name of China Civil Rights Protection League to protest against Chiang Kai-shek's assassination of Deng. Translate it into Chinese and ask Shi to try to publish it. Although the history was not published in Shen Bao, it was published in the manuscript of a news agency through relations. All these forced Chiang Kai-shek to make up his mind to assassinate history. 1934165438+1October 13, Shi, his wife and children returned to Shanghai from Hangzhou. When they drove to Wengjiabumen near Haining, they were shot and killed by Kuomintang spies. Since then, no one in the press has dared to oppose the Kuomintang.
The whole story of death
Shen Zui recalled: "Soon, Shi took his family to Hangzhou as soon as possible, and Dai Li took others to make arrangements. I was going to sneak attack near Qiushui Villa, Stone's apartment. Considering that if Shi is assassinated in downtown Hangzhou, the police chief of the provincial capital of Hangzhou will be accused by all parties, and it is imperative to solve the case. This police station, not only the director Zhao Longwen is a military spy, but also the whole police station is controlled by military spies. Committing a crime in Hangzhou is asking for trouble, so I finally decided to choose a place to leave Hangzhou. "
According to the information, Shi will return to Shanghai from Hangzhou on June 1934+065438+ 10/3. When he got the news, Zhao Lijun and his men "stepped on the spot" along the route in advance. In the end, the place to start work was chosen "near Boai Town, the fourth district of Haining County, where the Shanghai-Hangzhou Highway passes, about four miles away from Wengjiabu".
Shen Zui said: "The spies prepared two temporary car license plates in advance, one is Amethyst No.72, which was copied casually (it was later learned that it was from Nanjing Salt Company), and the other was a trial license plate of Hangzhou police station. The car/KLOC-0 left Nanjing for Hangzhou around the end of October and has been parked in the parking room of Zhejiang Police School in Cang Qiao, Hangzhou. When I was attacked, I first used the No.72 license plate of Jingzi, and changed it to the test card on the way to Nanjing. I changed to the original number when I arrived in Nanjing, and drove back to Ji 'e Lane in the middle of the night. "
165438+ 10 13, Shi set off as scheduled and rushed to Shanghai, accompanied by six people, except Shi Ruqiu's wife Shen Qiushui and Shen's niece, Shi Yonggeng's son and Shi Yonggeng's classmate Deng Zuxun, and the driver.
Shen Zui said: "The pistol that the murderer carried this time is a mauser, which is powerful and penetrating, and can shoot through the insurance car that Shi was riding. On the day of the assassination, the spy went to wait early. When Shi's car drove to the place where the murderer was scheduled to start work, he found a car lying in the middle of the road, pretending to be damaged and being repaired. When the spies saw Shi's car coming, they signaled the car to slow down with their hands, and at the same time pulled out their pistols and shot at Shi's car tires. At the same time, two designated murderers shot and killed the driver of the car and Deng Zuxun, a classmate of Shi Yongxin next to the driver's seat. This is because the spy mistakenly recognized Deng Wei's bodyguard, fearing that he would strike back, and fearing that the driver would give up the spy he knew in the future, he had to kill him first and then kill him. "
At that time, the story of the death of General Manager Shi, which was published in Shenbao, was recorded as follows: "At 3: 05, the car passed the entrance of Wengjiabu at the junction of Haining and Hangxian, and saw a 1929 Buick parked by the roadside, with six or seven men in black standing next to it. The attitude is extremely suspicious. When they were more than ten feet apart, they suddenly heard a whistle, so six or seven thugs next to the car all shot at Mr. Shi's car head-on, using pistols and box guns. When Huang Jincai, the driver, suddenly saw the disaster, he bent down to avoid bullets and braked, and the car rowed to a stop, only where the mob stood. The bullet flew, the driver was shot first, followed by Deng Jun. " (There are 6 deputy heads of the action group, including Wang Kequan, Shi, and driver Zhang Bingwu. 7 people)
Shen Zui went on to say, "The bullets flew around, and Shi and his son Shi Yonggeng jumped out of the car and fled separately. The murderer mistakenly thought that his son was the father, so three spies chased Shi and fired more than twenty shots in a row, but they all missed. He ran away from the ground. "
"The Story of the Death of General Manager Shi" said: "Mr. Governor Shi is not good, that is, he escaped from the carriage with his wife's son, and his wife was injured and his niece was injured; His son Yong Jun Jun turned his back and galloped away along the road in Hangzhou. Three gangsters chased after him and fired dozens of shots. Fortunately, they didn't hit it. "
Shen Zui added, "Shi was in poor health and ran slowly. He ran into a nearby hut in a panic. When the two spies caught up with him, Shi went out the back door and hid in a small dry pond behind the house. Standing on the road, Zhao Lijun found him. Zhao Yi shouted' coming' while shooting at the stone. A bullet hit the stone in the head and he fell down at once. Li Ada ran to the stone again to fill a gun and cried with blood. When the murderer saw that the purpose had been achieved, he immediately assembled, climbed into the car and flew away. "
Look at the story of the death of general manager Shi again: "Mr. Shi fled to the countryside, and two bandits chased after him." In the first half, Mr. Xu fled to a farmer named Shen, and a robber chased him inside. Another robber went around the back door to wait for him. Mr. Shi rushed out of the back door and was shot in the foot by the robber first. Mr. Shi took a few steps and came to a dry pond. When he fell to the ground in great pain, the two gangsters shot him twice in the head, one through his mouth and the other through his left ear, and he was killed. "
Shen Zui said: "The gunfire stopped for about half an hour. Shi Yongxin found some people nearby to return to the accident site, and borrowed a truck from the aviation school to transport the three bodies back to Hangzhou."
Historical evaluation
69 years ago,165438+1October 14 (1934), the newspaper Shenbao, which had the largest circulation in the most prosperous city in China at that time, suffered a fatal blow-its general manager, Shi, was shot dead on the Shanghai-Hangzhou highway by murderers such as Kuomintang military spy and habitual bandit Li Ada. This day is another black anniversary of the press in China. Previously,1on April 26th, 926, Shao Piaoping, president of Beijing Daily, was killed by Beiyang warlords at the Tianqiao execution ground at the southern end of Qianmen Street in Beijing, at the age of 40. On August 6th of the same year, Lin Baishui, editor-in-chief of Social Daily, was shot dead by warlords in Tianqiao execution ground at the age of 52.
They could have escaped being shot. As long as they leave a little affection in their works and don't care too much about the reputation of the newspaper, even as long as their belts are loose and the money they send is collected, whether it is Shen Bao, Beijing Daily or Social Daily, they will live a good life and enjoy prosperity. Who knows, they just want to be a journalist who defends justice and conscience, but they are not afraid of death, and finally they really become martyrs. It's not enough for one person to be killed. Two or three brave men stood up and paid the price for their deaths. If truth is the incarnation of God, then they have dedicated their most precious lives to God. This is the backbone and courage of China newspaper people. China intellectuals have always dared to devote themselves. 1946 July 15, Professor Wen Yiduo of The National SouthWest Associated University delivered his last speech at the memorial service of Mr. Li Gongpu in Yunnan University. "If you kill a Li Gongpu, tens of millions of Li Gongpu will stand up." "We will cross that door like Mr. Li Gongpu, and we won't cross back again! Democracy cannot be killed! "
The famous democracy fighter is a friend of Shi and an active participant in Shenbao. 1932, 1872 founded Shenbao with a circulation of more than 150000, which entered a golden age. Shi clearly declared that "no party is impartial, and freedom of speech is the mouthpiece of the people", adhered to the policy of "state-owned, rewarded and the people have personality", hired Huang Yanpei, a famous progressive, as the minister of design application, invited him to preside over the application circulation library and amateur tutorial school, and invited Lu Xun, Ba Jin and Mao Dun as the authors of "free talk" literary works.
Defending freedom of speech is not something you can just say with your mouth, but something you can do with the courage of a leopard. A famous reporter wrote in his monograph Old News at Sea: Chiang Kai-shek was very dissatisfied with the disobedience of Shenbao and asked Du and Skinner to come to Nanjing for negotiations. Jiang's face fell and he showed his true colors: "Don't make me angry, I have 1 million soldiers under my command." Shi Cai Liang coldly replied, "Sorry, I have millions of readers, too." This sentence is considered as "a toast without eating or drinking", which also laid the groundwork for his later shooting. Not intimidated by power, not moved by money, Shi's personality is the name of Shenbao, and Shi's dedication is Shenbao's eternal life.
"The wind is rustling in Shui Han, and the strong man is gone forever." It was originally an assassin's poem, but today it is used on the stabbed person, but it gives people a special feeling of "Xiao". Throughout the ages, Shao Piaoping, Lin Baishui, Shi and Chu Anping have cherished the long-cherished wish that "a strong man will never return". They proved it with actions, as Mr. Wen Yiduo said, "If you cross the door, you are not going to cross back." Men, men with courage, if life is worthless, it is better to live than to die.
Unfortunately, as the oldest and most influential newspaper in China's news history, Shenbao was unfortunately blocked on May 27th, 1949, totaling 25,600. Since then, the historical stone and Shenbao have almost been forgotten. Today, on the first anniversary of Mr. Shi's death, I remind you. I'm not worried that Mr. Shi's image in history is not tall enough, but that I will forget Mr. Shi one day.
What's more, the stone didn't really make Shen Bao live forever. After the Anti-Japanese War, the National Government took over Shenbao in the name of national subjugation. From then on, the Shen Bao left by Shi was completely controlled by the CC Department of Kuomintang. Later, in May 1946, Shi's son was forced to sell 5 1% shares to the government, and then the board of directors of Shenbao was reorganized and the working organization of the newspaper was adjusted. The government appointed Du as the chairman of Shenbao. Founded 74 years ago, Shenbao changed its private nature and became the official newspaper of the Kuomintang. 1On May 27th, 949, after the liberation of Shanghai, Shenbao was declared closed because it was owned by the Kuomintang. At this point, the longest and most influential newspaper in the history of China journalism founded by the British lasted for 78 years, and finally became history after the publication of the 25600th issue, ending its bumpy life. Only on 1982, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Publishing Bureau made a decision to entrust the Shanghai Bookstore to save and publish a full set of Shenbao by photocopying, so as to present the century-long storm in China and comfort Mr. Shi's legacy.
commemorate
Historically, it was the former residence of Er.
Shi's former residence is a one-story brick house with a plaque on the wall set up by the former Jiangning County People's Government in March 2000, which reads "Shi's former residence". Shi's life story and the words written by important politicians for the stone are displayed in the former residence.
Shi, formerly known as Shi Jiaxiu, 1880, is a native of Yangbanqiao Village, Hushu Town. He is the former general manager of Shenbao, a famous journalist and social activist. The historian has been farming for generations. Only my father went out to run a pharmacy in Sijing Town, Songjiang County, and he stayed in his hometown to accompany his mother. At the age of 8, he lived with his uncle after losing his mother, and at the age of 15, he lived with his father in Sijing. Shi studied hard since he was a child. 1899 was admitted to Hangzhou sericulture institute and taught after graduation. /kloc-founded sericulture school in Shanghai in October, 1904, which attracted the attention of Shanghai business circles. 1905 Participated in the seminar on constitutional studies organized by Shanghai academic circles, and initiated and organized the establishment of Jiangsu Academic Affairs Association with Huang Yanpei and others. 1907 participated in the movement of gentry businessmen in Jiangsu and Zhejiang refusing to borrow foreign capital to protect the right to roads, and was promoted to the director of Jiangsu Railway Company. 19 12 was appointed to preside over the work of Shanghai customs clearance office and Songjiang salt affairs office.
Shi was the editor-in-chief of The Times from 65438 to 0908. 19 12 years, with the cooperation of other people's funds, he bought Shenbao, one of the earliest newspapers published in China, and was promoted to general manager. From then on, he held the ideal of saving the country by news, took running Shenbao well as his lifelong career, carefully managed it and was determined to reform it, which made Shenbao's social influence expand day by day. His popularity is getting higher and higher, and his wealth is increasing. 193 1 year, through frequent contact with Soong Ching Ling, Tao Xingzhi, Shi's patriotism was further improved. The Shen Bao, which he managed, not only vigorously promoted resistance to Japan and national salvation, but also opposed compromise and concession, becoming a position against civil war, Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorship and demanding democracy. In order to control the public opinion position in Shanghai, Chiang Kai-shek's government once wooed Shi and gave him the honorary position of "Speaker of Shanghai Provisional Senate", but he insisted that justice could not be used. Finally, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Dai Li to send special agents to kill the stone on June1September 34+10/October 13, 2003. Shi cares about the construction of his hometown and gives a lot of support to his hometown people. 1907 launched the National Agricultural Federation in Nanjing and was promoted to the position of Director-General. He also organized Nantangshan Jianye Company with Jiangning Rentao to raise funds to buy land for afforestation, build roads and dig springs. After he became famous, he contributed almost every year to help his hometown build dikes and bridges, run schools in disaster relief, and help the people in his hometown solve problems.
Stone tomb
The stone tomb is located on the Ma Po Mountain in Shuangfeng Village, Xihu District. Shi (1880-1934), a famous scholar, was born in Jiangning, Jiangsu, and Songjiang (now Shanghai). In the late Qing Dynasty, he was the editor-in-chief of Shanghai Times. 19 13 Zhang Jian and others purchased the property rights of Shenbao and served as the general manager. After the September 18th Incident, he criticized Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "taking peace as the foreign policy" and advocated unity and resistance to Japan. After the outbreak of the "November 28th" Anti-Japanese War, he served as the president of the local maintenance association, actively supported the anti-Japanese War of the 19th Route Army, and published articles in Shenbao by Soong Ching Ling, Lu Xun, Ba Jin, Lao She and other progressives against dictatorship. Wengjiabu1934165438+1October 13 in Haining, Zhejiang Province was shot and killed by Kuomintang agents. Built in 1936, the tomb faces south and is made of granite, covering an area of 200 square meters. The mausoleum has three platforms built on the mountain. There is a bronze coffin in the octagonal tomb. The tomb is covered with stone eaves and the wing angle is inclined. "The Tomb of the Stone" was inscribed by Zhang Taiyan.