Family education refers to the education and influence of parents (mainly parents or other elders) on preschool children in family life.
China has a fine tradition of attaching importance to early family education. In the contemporary era of socialist modernization, family education has attracted more attention from the state and society.
The first environment that children come into contact with in the process of birth and growth is family, which is also the basis for the establishment and development of parent-child relationship. From birth to school, there is a close relationship with family, so family has a great influence on children during this period.
Family education for preschool children has its own characteristics:
First, education takes the lead. Children's education from birth to preschool is carried out in the family, so it can be said that family education has certain initiative.
The second is independence. This feature is more prominent in the family environment of the only child.
The third is randomness and randomness. What to teach children in the family and how to teach them are influenced by some factors in the family, and education is more casual; Family education is accompanied by family life, so it is random.
The fourth is affection. Children establish parent-child relationship with their parents in the process of growing up, and then develop into intimate relationship. Parents' education for their children is influenced by intimacy, which sometimes leads to emotional feelings for their children.
The fifth is sustainability. The children have reached the age of entering the park, but family education has been going on and never stopped.
The sixth is richness. Children's family education covers a wide range. In different family living environments, communication relationships and lifestyles, children can get different educational information and life experiences, and learn some behavioral norms and life skills.
What are the main methods of family education for preschool children? (1) Environmental edification.
1, organize the corresponding family life
2. Establish a harmonious family relationship
(B) Interest induction method
1, learn about children's preferences.
2. Provide new and different * * *
3. Stimulate children's desires
4. Interest teaching
(3), prompt reminder method
1, communicate with children more.
2. Hints in various ways
3. Clever use of counter-suggestion (used by large class children)
(D) activity inquiry method
1, carry out sports activities
2. Organize game activities
3, advocate labor activities
4. Encourage exploration activities.
(5) Model Law (examples are more important than words)
1, parents lead by example
2. With the help of literary examples
3. Use children's peer role models
What are the main misunderstandings of preschool children's family education? There is no doubt that children need the respect of their parents. More and more parents realize that when educating their children, they should always consider their physical and mental development, cultivate their sensibility, emotional control and psychological endurance, and avoid unnecessary setbacks, injuries and blows; This requires that parents really need to adopt a more democratic parenting style and attitude, communicate with their children and conduct family education. Due to the family planning practice in China, each family has only one child, so there are several misunderstandings in educating children accordingly:
Myth 1: Democracy is one of the common mistakes made by doting on modern parents: it is believed that the child-centered education method means that everything is based on the child's will, and everything must meet the needs of children, and there is no room for children to be wronged. And with the increase of the only child, this understanding is becoming more and more common. Many parents think that this is a sign of respect for their children, but it is actually a kind of doting.
Respect does not mean doting, let alone doting. Parents need to establish a democratic and equal parenting relationship with their children. However, any democracy and freedom are conditional and must be within a certain scope and degree. Especially when children are young, children can't understand the meaning of parents' behavior, and often think that parents are loving themselves, thus developing a self-centered consciousness. At this time, parents should be careful to guard against: when parents indulge in their own "dreams" of democracy and freedom, children "take advantage" of this kind of freedom and democracy, and form a series of bad habits in life and a self-centered consciousness from an early age, which is manifested in their behavior: disobedience, disobedience, trouble everywhere, and bad temper. Therefore, the result of parents' educational attitudes and methods is that not only can they not achieve the original intention of educating their children well, but many facts show that they seem to have exhausted all their love and raised an overbearing, self-centered bully!
Parents should give their children enough choices and decision-making power, which is not contradictory to parents' strict requirements and strict rules for their children. If parents can let their children know the necessity of rules and the rules they must abide by when they were young, then their children may grow up to be polite, disciplined and polite. Undoubtedly, this is the way that modern parents really love their children.
Myth 2: Forgiving children easily Many parents forgive children easily because they only have one child, so when they make mistakes, it is easy to make excuses for them or simply bear the consequences themselves. Parents think that this is to consider the child's physical and mental feelings, fearing that the child can't afford it. But in fact, the result is that children are used to living under the protection of their parents, lacking basic knowledge, skills and experience in life and study, and their ability to live independently is seriously insufficient; Or you can't correctly understand your responsibilities and correct your behavior patterns, which may lead to serious inadaptability when you live independently, or behavior that harms the interests of others, or you can't correctly safeguard your legitimate rights and interests.
Therefore, it is very effective for children to bear the consequences of their actions, especially the pain, sadness and frustration caused by wrong actions, to cultivate their independent ability, social adaptability and social skills learning.
Real child-centered democratic and free parenting experts pointed out that real child-centered democratic and free parenting means that parents can really do the following according to their age characteristics in the process of interaction with their children:
① Know how to really care and love children and master the skills of love (for example, know how to express your love by touching, patting your head, patting your shoulder and other physical contacts; Know how to praise and encourage children appropriately. ), and meet the needs of children's love with five conditions.
2 understand the psychological needs of children and meet these needs appropriately.
③ Give children the right to choose and decide, and cultivate their sense of participation.
At the same time, establish appropriate rules for children, so that children can learn to establish the ability of good interaction with others by constantly learning rules. For example, we can observe other people's social reactions and needs from multiple angles, make social judgments, understand social skills, and develop the habit of respecting others and self-good living habits.
Children's education is an art of educating people: a little more discipline for children may be too strict; Less, may be overindulgence. Therefore, it is very necessary and important for modern parents to systematically learn how to be parents and how to raise children scientifically.
Preschool education is the way to improve children's intelligence.
Paying attention to the early potential development is a fleeting period, which needs to be grasped well. Children's development is one-dimensional and irreversible. In China, where the one-child policy is implemented, each family only has the opportunity to raise one child, and it is impossible to raise the next child through the experience gained from raising their own children. Parents can only grasp it in a one-time development opportunity.
In the past, people always mistakenly thought that the characteristics of the nervous system and its sensory sensitivity were innate, determined by nature, and gradually developed in place with the mature process, just paying attention to early nutrition. In fact, this understanding obviously ignores the role of early environment in brain differentiation.
It is found that the brain is a dynamic "creation", and the sensitive period of brain formation and differentiation into various information processing systems is the key period of early development. At the same time, it is found that the structural characteristics and functional complexity of various information processing systems in the brain, such as vision, hearing, speech and movement, are closely related to the structure and complexity of the surrounding environment in early childhood. The microstructure of the human brain is not naturally stereotyped, but formed in the process of accepting various kinds of * * * in the early stage. So we can see that a good environment and education can fundamentally change the microstructure of the brain and the efficiency of the whole brain. The difference of human intelligence is essentially the difference of brain, and the difference of brain is largely the difference of environment and education! Therefore, preschool education is an important way to improve children's intelligence.
For most normal-born babies, everyone has great development potential. As long as we seize the opportunity and attach importance to the investment in early education, we will certainly reach the ideal level. In a sense, "extraordinary" intelligence is not the product of a few geniuses, but the result of the good development of most ordinary children's intelligence. On the contrary, if a child is deprived of the opportunity of education or learning at an early age, his intelligence will be at a low level, and even with extremely superior congenital conditions, he often cannot develop well. There are many typical examples in this regard, such as the "wolf child" in India, who was taken care of by wolves after being abandoned by his parents in the early days and missed the critical period of development. He was rescued in his teens. It was very difficult for him to learn language and social skills, and his intelligence was only a few years old. It can be seen that early education is of great significance to children's intellectual development.
Read aloud every day and encourage children to read by themselves. Provide children with alternative reading materials and collect some expired coupons, old letters, newspaper advertisements and old cereal boxes.
Say some nursery rhymes with children and perform them with your fingers, encouraging them to tell stories to younger children.
Cultivate children's interest in writing and writing. Give children some paper and notebooks to write, write letters and numbers in artistic fonts, and paste pictures and words describing toys on toy shelves.
Provide children with a variety of artistic experiences. Let children play with dough and make collages with patterns, cloth heads, tablecloths and newspapers in magazines. Encourage children to try new materials, such as wires, corks, soda straws, cotton threads and yarns. Teach them to mix different colors when drawing.
Teach children the important concepts of numbers and space. Count all kinds of things you see, such as silverware, socks, stones, leaves and so on. Tell them the concepts of inside, above, below, behind, next to, before and after, bigger and too far away.
Teach children to use the telephone correctly.
4-year-old children strongly demand to be taken seriously. You should praise their achievements.
Yes, and provide them with opportunities to experience freedom and independence.
Teach children to use indicators to know the way around home.
Encourage children to participate in sports, play with others and imitate various animals to walk. Set up some challenging obstacles indoors, such as climbing, climbing, jumping, walking on the balance beam, running through the stone pile, etc. And encourage them to walk with sandbags on their heads.
By letting children build a bird's nest, they can be inspired to respect life and all life. Record the observed bird species and teach children to identify birds by some obvious characteristics, such as male cardinals are red and females are green; Tits have black heads and white cheeks.
Encourage your children to help you plan your small garden and plant it in it. They like to water plants every day and watch their growth.
Cultivate children's multicultural awareness through dolls, puppets, pictures and books. Cultivate the cultural atmosphere in the family and encourage children to learn recipes, songs and knowledge about cultural celebrations.
Provide various themes and props to enhance the stage effect, such as grocery stores, pizza shops, birthday parties and firefighters.
Respect for children is the premise of educating children. The purpose of education is to make children truly accept and recognize their parents' demands, not just to make children temporarily obey their parents' authority. Therefore, parents should first respect their children's independence and dignity, their opinions and their normal development needs. Parents should treat their children as an independent individual, not a vassal of their parents. Respect for children requires parents to do the following:
Establish a sense of equality and respect children. Parents should change the concept of treating their children as their private property and realize that children have independent dignity and their own opinions and demands. Respecting children means recognizing their personal dignity, listening to their opinions equally, accepting their feelings, tolerating their shortcomings appropriately and sharing their happiness. Parents' respect for children should be unconditional, that is, parents' respect does not depend on children's behavior, which is the overall acceptance of children, especially those children with shortcomings, who should respect and believe in their value and potential. Of course, respect doesn't mean that they can't make strict demands and criticisms, but pay attention to the methods and art of criticism.
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What are the main contents of family education for preschool children? 1, the correct guiding principle of family education.
2. The principle of matching words with deeds.
3. The principle of cultivating education
4, the principle of moderate requirements
5. The principle of educational consistency,
6. The principle of adopting correct educational methods.
7, the principle of all-round development
1. Family education is one of the components of big education and the foundation of school education and social education. Family education is lifelong education, starting from the day the child is born (even dating back to the fetal period). Family education in infancy is the "beginning of life" education, which plays a fundamental role in a person's life. After children go to primary and secondary schools, family education is not just ...
What are the problems in preschool children's family education? (1) The imbalance of family education conditions
(2) Family education is emotional.
(C) the closed nature of family education
1. The educational content is unreasonable.
2. I spoil my children too much.
3. Everything is for children.
Suggestion: 1. Cultivate children's independence.
2. Cultivate children's resilience.
3. Cultivate children's habit of autonomous learning.
What are the family education methods for preschool children?
Moral and ethical education
It is suggested to refer to the enlightenment of Master Da 'an that children are the future of a nation. The rise and fall of a nation depends on the quality of children, so the education of children is very important. Family education is the foundation of governing the country and keeping the country safe, so it has to be studied. Children's education is more about moral education, personality education, comprehensive quality education, awe education and a code of conduct. What do you teach when children are sensible? Eight virtues: filial piety, filial piety, loyalty, faith, courtesy, righteousness, honesty and shame. If this eight-virtue education is successful, he will benefit for life. First of all, we should teach filial piety and honor our parents. You can't spoil him, and you can't be child-centered. In traditional society, when it's time to eat, children should help their parents add rice and serve tea, which is to cultivate their filial piety. Now it's upside down. The child is sitting on it. He seems to be a little sun. His parents are busy waiting on him. If he is three years old or can't take care of himself, you can serve him. Don't be like this when he is seven or eight years old and in his teens. You must let him serve his parents and others to fulfill his filial piety. When dealing with the relationship between brothers, the younger brother should respect the older brother, and the older brother should of course care about the younger brother. There should be such virtues between brothers. Loyalty, deal with the relationship between individuals and society, and the relationship with the country. When you serve the society and become a civil servant, you must be loyal to your country. If you are loyal, you won't abuse power for personal gain, corrupt and deposit the country's money in foreign banks. You are disloyal to these things. So we see so many corrupt officials because we have no education since childhood; Letters are friends, so we should pay attention to credibility. This letter is both personal and verbal. What people say is credible. If what they say is not credible, you are not human. Therefore, people have been very dignified since ancient times, and some things are guaranteed by personality, so there is nothing to say. But now that your personality has disintegrated, you say that you don't trust anyone with your personality guarantee. The letter of the ancients is a promise as good as a promise. Once it is spoken, it is difficult to take it back. Keep your promise anyway. Faith is rooted in sincerity, and sincerity will be manifested. Now this society is also an era of extremely low honesty, and it is difficult to establish a trust relationship between people. Sometimes it's really emotional to see this. There are too many cheating, forgery and other things in the economic field, even false reports, advertisements and diplomas in the media. So one must have faith. During his teaching, Zi Gong asked Confucius for advice on how to govern the country. There are three elements in running a country: food and soldiers, and then credibility and trust. Zi Gong asked again: If you want to remove one of these three things, what should you remove? Confucius replied: the garrison (that is, the national defense force) can be removed. If one of the three elements must be removed, national defense will be removed, leaving two. Being full is a matter of eating, so further, if you have to choose between being full and believing, what should you take and give up? This is very serious for a ruler. Confucius replied: get rid of enough food. You can put this livelihood food problem down and leave this letter. Zi Gong was shocked. How could he make such a choice? Confucius said: since ancient times, people have never died and people have no faith. You may die without food. No one has died since ancient times, but without the virtue of honesty, a person can't stand up and his personality collapses. In other words, the moral value of this letter exceeds the life span of the body. This is the language that China saints use to beat the floor. We deeply admire the sage, who can elevate a moral and spiritual value to this level. However, our present unfilial descendants have reduced the moral value of this letter to such a degree. We are all ashamed of Mr. Kong Lao (Confucius) and need to educate him about letters. Politeness, politeness, politeness and respect, the spirit of politeness is respect, and respect should be polite and polite expression of this respect; Righteousness, justice and China culture, Guan Yu's image is a typical example of righteousness. Nothing can shake his brotherhood and loyalty to Liu Bei after the three outstanding men in Taoyuan were righteous. Cheap, honest and thrifty. One should reduce material desires, be honest and clean, be honest and clean for officials, and remain uncorrupted. If a person can be honest, his moral personality can come up. If a person pursues high consumption and leads a luxurious life, it is easy to go astray and take those ill-gotten gains. The last one is shame, shame and guilt. When you do something, you are ashamed of your conscience, of heaven and earth, and of others. Knowing shame is almost brave. Only when you know this shame will you be brave enough to correct it. This kind of shame is equivalent to the shame and shame of Buddhism. If a person has no sense of shame, it is hopeless. If a person has no sense of shame, to the extent of * * *, no sense of shame, it is hopeless. This sense of shame is an emotional reaction that his good knowledge and ability have not disappeared. If all good knowledge and ability are gone, not in material desires and hatred, he will not be ashamed. There will be no shame, no shame, only pride. You see, some people are doing bad things now. He steals from others, and he shows off himself to his face. You see how brave and resourceful I am in the process of robbing them. What happened? He thought it was a show-off. Not ashamed, but proud. I'm having an affair and showing off. You see how charming I am. I have several such lovers. Look at him showing off. So there is no sense of shame, * * *, a person can't reach the level of * * *. Eight virtues, these eight words are very important and also a person's personality. If there are no these eight characters, then the ancients said it was called the death character. You have forgotten all these eight words and can't reflect them on you. Forgot that eight characters are more elegant. If the word "character" is omitted, it is called Wuba, which means a little swearing. What's the matter with you? Eight eggs are dead, and these eight words are gone at all. This kind of education for children is the real education, and this is the most authentic thing of education. Then we will further talk about the cause and effect of the third generation. All actions are in the past, present and future. This cause and effect of the third generation is true. Each of our actions will be reflected in the six divisions of the wheel of karma, and we will teach our children three generations of cause and effect and the six divisions of the wheel of karma. Causality and samsara are the core of Buddhism. If a child can accept this truth and establish such an idea in his mind, he will feel awe, he will not dare to do anything wrong, and he will establish the basis of punishing evil and promoting good. This foundation is deeply rooted in his heart, and he will be really cautious in his behavior. When no one is watching, he will also discipline himself according to these eight words to regulate himself. If there is no concept of causal reincarnation, then all moral education is unfounded. Although he talks about morality verbally, it's all verbal. Therefore, we are deeply worried now. When a society does not believe in the cause and effect of the third world and the six divisions in the wheel of karma, then the morality of this society will definitely decline, which is very important.
What are the principles of family education for preschool children? 1 The correct guiding principle of family education. 2 the principle of combining words with examples. The principles of cultivating education, moderate requirements, educational consistency and adopting correct educational methods. 6 the principle of all-round development