During the construction of bridges and culverts, the geological data should be carefully checked, and the unstable parts should be reinforced before construction.
When excavating rock, first check whether the working face is in a safe state. If there are loose rocks, support or remove them immediately.
Second, the construction site safety scheme
1, set fire control, lighting and other safety facilities at the construction site, and set up signs.
2, in the change of location, distribution equipment should have perfect protection device.
3, the construction site electricity must strictly abide by the relevant specifications.
Three, open-cut foundation construction safety assurance measures
1 The following safety measures should be taken for foundation pit excavation:
(1) The top surface of foundation pit should be equipped with ground waterproof and drainage facilities in advance.
(2) During the excavation of foundation pit, the methods of partial excavation of deep pit and excavation from the bottom to all sides shall not be adopted.
(3) When there is a dynamic load at the top of the foundation pit, the safe distance between the pit edge and the dynamic load should be determined according to the depth, slope, geological and hydrological conditions of the foundation pit and the size of the dynamic load, and should not be less than1.5m. Other corresponding measures should be taken when necessary.
(4) When excavating a foundation pit in loose earth-rock stratum or silty sand stratum, safety protection should be done first; Foundation pit excavation in soft soil stratum must be supported.
(5) When the foundation pit is excavated, the slope stability should be observed. When cracks, loose pit walls or water gushing and sand gushing are found along the top surface of the pit, the construction should be stopped immediately, and the construction can be continued only after reinforcement.
Three, concrete pouring construction safety assurance measures
1, template assembly and disassembly should take the following safety measures:
(1) The foundation shall be solid, smooth and free from subsidence;
(2) When lifting the formwork, the lifting point position must be correct. When adjusting the position, unarmed operation is not allowed; After the large assembled formwork is installed in place, it should be supported and fixed in time to maintain the overall stability of the formwork;
(3) When the formwork is dismantled, it shall not be forcibly removed.
(4) The working platform must meet the requirements of bearing capacity and be firmly erected, and fences and ladders should be set on the platform.
Four, the waterproof layer construction should take the following safety measures:
(1) During transportation and storage, waterproof coatings should be protected from sunlight, rain and collision, and kept away from heat sources and fire sources;
(2) Waterproof coiled materials shall be laid flat, and the storage height shall be limited to 5 coiled materials;
(3) When the ambient temperature for laying the waterproof layer is lower than 0℃, heat preservation measures should be taken, and no open flame heating is allowed;
(4) When boiling petroleum asphalt, a special asphalt pan should be used;
(5) When boiling hot asphalt, the temperature should be detected frequently; When the surface of asphalt stops foaming and the temperature reaches 175℃, the heating should be stopped, and it can only be kept warm with a small fire.
(6) When plastering (brushing) asphalt, there shall be no water on the surface of the base, and the plastering (brushing) layer shall be dry and clean;
(7) When laying asphalt mortar waterproof layer, it is necessary to prevent asphalt mortar from splashing and scalding personnel.
Five, aerial work safety assurance measures
Workers working at height must be in good health.
(2) All personnel entering the site should wear safety helmets and hang up the safety net for aerial work. Climbers should fasten their safety belts and wear non-slip shoes. The site should be managed by designated personnel.
(3) When manually handling and binding steel bars, they should cooperate with each other and operate synchronously. Don't throw the steel bar directly down. When lifting steel bars, they should be tied firmly; Steel binding, the application force is consistent, collaborative work.
(4) Protective measures should be taken when rebar operations are carried out near live wires. When welding steel bars, eyes and burns caused by arc light should be prevented.
(5) Don't walk on the installed steel bars. You must set up a gangway or another scaffold.
(6) After the formwork is in place, it should be fixed with stow-wood immediately to prevent dumping and hurting people. After each formwork is supported, the connectors, upper and lower stirrups and internal supports should be installed, and the operation can be suspended to maintain stability.
(7) In the process of shuttering, the safety belt of formwork staff must be fastened in a firm place. When you wear the tie rod, you should echo inside and outside.
(8) Before the whole formwork is hoisted, the formwork shall be firmly connected, the inner brace, tie rod and stirrup shall be fastened, and the lifting point shall be correct and firm. When lifting, fasten the rope and follow the signal. Don't overload.
(9) When transporting concrete on scaffolding, the walkway should be covered with scaffolding and installed with railings.
(10) When using a concrete vibrator, the following contents must be checked: the shell, grounding device and rubber wire of the vibrator; Connection between the end of the wire and the vibrator; The moving position of the vibrating rammer, turning off the power switch during intermittent operation, etc.
(1 1) When dismantling the formwork, it shall be carried out according to the prescribed procedures. Fasten the hook first, and then remove the template. Templates, materials and tools shall not be thrown down. When dismantling the formwork with artificial ropes, the ropes should be long enough, and there should be a certain safe distance between the constructors and the dismantled formwork.
(12) Before formwork erection, scaffolding, railings and escalators shall be erected. A safety net should be hung between the scaffold and the box.
Six, ancillary works safety assurance measures
(1) When processing stone, the construction personnel should wear goggles, gloves, safety helmet, etc. The handle of the sledgehammer should be firmly connected, and the construction personnel should stand at a certain distance to prevent the hammer from flying out and hurting people.
(2) When building rubble cone slope protection, it is advisable to use a car or skateboard to control rubble falling to the building position. It is forbidden to roll down from above.
(3) When transporting stones by car, loading and unloading operations should be carried out according to regulations, and the doors should be locked, and it is forbidden to carry people on the car.
(4) When artificial stone is hoisted in place for masonry, it should be firmly bound, with consistent actions and slowly lowered. Move the block with a crowbar, and do not put your hands and feet into the masonry surface.
Seven, measures to ensure the safety of existing lines.
1. Set up warning tape at the distance of 2.0m from the line in the construction area, and set up two guards for special inspection. According to the requirements of the local railway bureau, the guards, station liaison officers, safety officers and builders are trained in advance. According to the requirements of technical regulations, designate special personnel to check and implement protective equipment and construction signs.
2. Lighting or other items shall not be tied on the catenary pillar or ground wire.
3. When entering the line construction, it is required to wear signal suits and require special protection.
4. It is forbidden for construction personnel to walk on the existing track when commuting. When resting, be sure to go to a safe place outside the existing line. Tools and materials shall not invade the building limit.
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