Zhang Sumei, Zhu Enchun, Cui Changyu, Wang, Zhi Xudong.
Professor Fan Chengmou: The Last Emperor of Wood Structure
Time: July 9, 2008 9: 40: 03 Reading: 394 Label: Fan Chengmou of Wood Structure
Fan Chengmou, 1926 was born in Wenzhou in February. He graduated from Oujiang Primary School (now Guangchang Road Primary School) and 1949 from the Civil Engineering Department of Xiamen University. 1950 entered the postgraduate class of Harbin Institute of Technology. After learning Russian, I studied wood structure with Professor КаΥан, the former head of Soviet expert group of Harbin Institute of Technology.
For a long time, Fan Chengmou has been engaged in the teaching and research of wood structure and fiber concrete, and published more than 100 papers. He used to be the director of the Academic Affairs Office of Harbin Institute of Architecture and Engineering and the director of the Department of Building Materials. In 2000, the college was merged into Harbin Institute of Technology again. He used to be a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Civil Engineering, the permanent representative of the Technical Committee of Timber Structure of the International Organization for Standardization in China, and the deputy director of the National Technical Committee of Timber and Composite Structure Standards. Editor-in-chief: Wood Structure and other teaching materials for colleges and universities, Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Wood Structure Engineering (GB50206—2002), China Standardization Standard for Engineering Construction, Test Method for Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete, Product Standard for Construction Industry and Test Method for Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo for Construction. Published monographs include Wood Structure Engineering, Application Technology of Steel Fiber Concrete, Modern Wood Structure, Basic Principles of Wood Structure, etc. Fan Chengmou, known as the "last emperor" of wood structure in China, has always paid attention to and studied wood structure in the case of long-term stagnation in teaching and scientific research of wood structure.
Fan Chengmou said that the secret of Fan's success comes from studying hard and doing things seriously. (Chen Lili/photo)
The Fan family used to be a big family in the area of Wenzhou Baziqiao. At the end of Qing Dynasty, Fan, the ancestor of a shop assistant, earned a few dollars, then studied hard and got a bachelor's degree. He lived frugally and often walked with cloth shoes under his arm, so he became a famous "Bigfoot" businessman nearby. By chance, he found that there would be a prosperous prospect of transforming Xiaonanmen area into a small inland passenger ship, so he bought a large piece of land nearby, started a real estate development business and became a rich man.
Fan attached importance to education, made a fortune and trained many famous artists. Fan is a famous professor of Lanzhou University, the fifth generation of Fan's family, and has trained a large number of foreign language talents for the country. Fan Chengwu is a famous music conductor in China. He is the second child from the second room. He is the conductor of the violin concerto 1959 Butterfly Lovers, which premiered in Shanghai. Fan Chengwu's eldest brother, Fan Chengmou, is also a famous professor. Today, he became our interviewee.
Interviewee: Fan Chengmou, professor of Harbin Institute of Technology, former director of Wood Structure Research Center of Harbin Institute of Technology and doctoral supervisor (hereinafter referred to as Fan).
Column Moderator: Reporter (hereinafter referred to as Jin)
The origin of "the last emperor"
Jin: Experts and scholars in the domestic wood structure industry call you the "last emperor" of China wood structure, which is equivalent to the status of Puyi, the emperor of that year! Do you mean that you are the ultimate authority on the research of wood structure in China, or that the research and application of wood structure died in your hands and ended from now on?
Fan: This is a joke. I studied civil engineering at Xiamen University, and later studied wood structure with Professor КаΥан at Harbin Institute of Technology. I have been engaged in wood structure research since graduation. Wood structure refers to the construction engineering structure in which the main structural components of the building are all made of solid wood sawn timber or engineering wood products. Since 1950s, I have been responsible for compiling the trial teaching materials of universities in China, such as Wood Structure, the national standard Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Wood Structure Engineering (GB50206—2002) and so on. , and also published books on wood structure engineering.
In the early days of the founding of New China, brick and wood structures were widely used because of their local materials. 1958 During the Great Leap Forward, 46% of the industrial buildings used wooden roofs. By the end of 1970s, structural timber had been cut down. The country lacks foreign exchange and cannot import wood. The application and research of wood structure in China stopped, and the wood structure I had been engaged in for a long time became a "declining" structure, so they called me the "last emperor" of wood structure in China.
Jin: In the 1980s, the application and research of wood structure in China stopped. Does this mean that the wood structure disappears from the building materials and makes you "unemployed"?
Fan: Yes, I am "unemployed", and all the people engaged in wood structure have changed careers. That's when I switched to fiber concrete. 1986 I was 60 years old. I retired from the position of director of the Academic Affairs Office of Harbin Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture. Due to the needs of the school, I became the head of the building materials department and did more research on the fiber concrete structure. However, as the permanent representative of the Technical Committee of Wood Structure of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO TC/ 165) in China, I attend the annual meeting of ISO TC/ 165 every year. Under my auspices, the 13th meeting of ISO TC/ 165 was held in Harbin.
In the late 1990s, with the deepening of reform and opening-up and the improvement of people's living standards, China's economically developed areas began to import light wooden houses. The Ministry of Construction has edited and completed the national standard "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Wood Structure Engineering" GB 50206-2002, which contains the contents of light wood structure to ensure the engineering quality. So far, thousands of light wooden houses have been built. China's wooden buildings, which have been stagnant for 20 years, have finally recovered. In order to restore the discipline of wood structure in China, although I am over 70 years old, I am duty-bound and have to return to my old job. It can also be said that the "last emperor" openly "restored".
Kim: It doesn't mean that all the wooden structures in China are going to be cut down, and even the windows have to be replaced with steel. So how do foreign countries use wood structures?
Fan: When the wooden structure in China stopped for 20 years, it was the fastest developing period in the world. Foreign countries have developed from solid wood structure to composite wood structure. Wood processing has developed from sawing to rotary cutting or chipping, and the output has increased by more than 20%. The composite material has gradually developed from a rotary veneer (LVL) glued with a whole rotary veneer to a parallel veneer glued with rotary slats for making plywood scraps (PSL), and further developed into a laminated veneer (LSL) glued with fast-growing hardwood chips.
In developed countries in Europe and America, the virtuous circle of forest resources utilization of "cutting one plant and planting two plants" has been realized, and scientific logging has been realized, so 90% of houses in North America and Northern Europe are made of light wood structures. This is the real green wood structure. Wood is a renewable resource. Compared with steel bars and concrete, it only needs 453kw of electricity to produce one ton of wood, while it needs 3780kw to produce one ton of steel. On the contrary, the growth process of wood can absorb CO2. It can be seen that the use of wood is "the only real natural renewable building material". The prospect of wood structure is infinite.
The beginning of The Last Emperor
Kim: From this perspective, you became the "last emperor" because there was a problem with resource management in the past. Now the developed countries' practices are in line with environmental protection, which is a subject with great research prospects. Do you remember how you came up with the idea of studying wood structures?
Fan:/kloc-0 graduated from college in June, 1949 and resolutely returned to Wenzhou, which had just been liberated from Xiamen. Then he went to Shanghai to sign up for the Northeast Recruitment Group. In August, he was hired as a technician in the infrastructure department of Shenyang Northeast Finance and Economics Committee. He devoted himself to the construction of heavy industry base in just two months, and was sent to Harbin Institute of Technology to study the following year. After learning Russian, he was assigned to Professor КаΥан. Do you know that there are 67 experts from the former Soviet Union in Harbin Institute of Technology, among whom only three are doctors and professors, and Professor КаΥан is a famous authority on wood structure in the former Soviet Union and a famous professor at Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering. It is an accident to get his advice, but it is my honor in this life.
Under the guidance of Professor КаΥан, it took me more than one year to finish my associate degree thesis on the influence of moisture content on the physical properties of bamboo. 1958, my tutor took my associate doctoral thesis to Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering, Soviet Union. After discussion and approval by the academic committee of the institute, I was informed that I could get my associate doctoral degree after attending the defense in the Soviet Union. Due to the deterioration of relations between the two countries at that time, I was unable to make the trip. However, regardless of these, I still take wood structure research as my major. I participated in the translation of China's first Code for Design of Wood Structures. Because my Russian level is good, I finally finalized it, and the quality is very good, which has been praised by the Ministry of Construction. 1963, I participated in the preparation of the first draft of "Code for Design of Wood Structures" formulated by China.
Kim: Good teachers make good teachers. Your tutor is an authority, so your research has a high starting point and is of great benefit to your research. So when you were studying in Wenzhou, were you excellent, too? Do you still have memories of that year?
Fan: I have always done well in my studies. I contributed to blowing bubbles when I was a primary school student. At the end of the year, I won the most prizes because my manuscript was published the most times. Reading more leisure books since childhood is good for later. I remember my grandmother gave me pocket money and often went to buy idle books. At that time, I had two bookcases of the old novel series 10% off. I started reading the romance of the Three Kingdoms in grade four or five. I have read The Romance of the Three Kingdoms seven times in my life and benefited a lot. I like it very much. My son has gone abroad for further study. I didn't give him anything except a copy of Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
I was educated by the Party when I was a junior one student in Wenzhou Middle School. Feng Zengrong of Wenzhou Underground Party is my classmate. He introduced me to revolutionary books such as The History of Social Development. I attended the "May Reading Club" in Wenzhou Middle School. 1947 when I returned to Wenzhou in the summer vacation, my classmate Gu Chaohao (underground party member) came to my home specially to talk about the revolutionary situation at that time and guide me to take an active part in the student movement. The Shanghai branch in southern Zhejiang also provided me with information in time. After I returned to Xiamen University, I took the lead in mobilizing students to strike. Therefore, the underground party organization of Xiamen University sent people to care about my progress and provided books such as Popular Philosophy for me to learn. Because of this book, I understood the philosophical principle of "negation of negation" and strengthened my belief in participating in the revolution.
When I was studying in middle school, I especially liked English. When I was in high school, I could recite all the English textbooks. Mr. Lin Yutang is proficient in English and Chinese. He once translated Shen Fu's Six Chapters of a Floating Life into English. I remember one summer vacation, my father invited a friend to teach me English, and he asked me to recite Six Chapters of a Floating Life in English. I just read and recite behind closed doors, and the effect is very good. At the beginning of school, students in our class write in English. Teacher Fan said that only my composition is English.
The family of "the last emperor"
Jin: Your Fan family is a well-known family in Wenzhou, such as Fan, you and your brother Fan Chengwu. Why do you think they have achieved something? What is their biggest feature?
Fan: Fan is my uncle. He has made great achievements. He is a respected master in the School of Foreign Languages of Lanzhou University. He used to be the director of the English teaching and research section of Lanzhou University and the deputy director of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature. Executive director and president of Gansu Language Society; Director of Foreign Language Teaching Research Association of China University; President and director of Gansu Foreign Language Teaching Research Association.
He is the author of "Differences between American English and British English" and "On Simplicity", and has translated Kaleb? Williams, Dunhuang Water Department style, etc. In the era when English textbooks were scarce, he also compiled 14 textbooks such as Selected Works of English, Extensive Reading of English and Selected Works of Chemical Engineering English, which made great contributions to foreign language teaching in Lanzhou University.
Fan Chengwu is my brother. We grew up together. He has a gift for music. However, his love for music was greatly influenced by my father. His father, Fan Zuoyu, opened a Wenzhou drugstore in Wuma Street before the founding of New China to provide medicines and radio equipment for guerrillas in southern Zhejiang. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he first worked in the Federation of Industry and Commerce, then worked in the democratic parties and became a cadre of state organs. When he was young, he liked Cantonese music. My family not only has erhu, pipa, dulcimer, organ and other musical instruments, but also my father often invites friends to play at home, so my brother often participates in it and comes into contact with it. Actually, I like music, too. When I was studying at Xiamen University, I was the head of Xiamen University Student Folk Orchestra. 195 1 year, my brother joined the army, and his song written in the Korean battlefield won the third prize of military merit. From 65438 to 0954, he studied at Shanghai Conservatory of Music, then participated in the preparation of Shanghai Opera House and served as vice president.
Summing up their successful experience, I found that the same thing is to study hard and do everything well.
Jin: Actually, whether it is an individual or a family, learning is the best thing in the world. Now that you are over eighty, what do you think of your life?
Fan: First of all, we have established a firm and correct political direction; Secondly, we should tirelessly master knowledge; Although the opportunity is the third, it is very important. Only by seizing the opportunity can we succeed.