Climbing on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month is a unique custom in Bazhong. Bazhong people will invite friends to go climbing together at this time every year. In this issue of traditional festivals, we will take you to understand what the sixteenth day of the first lunar month is. Date: Sichuan Bazhong Climbing Festival, let’s learn about it together.
The sixteenth day of the first lunar month is the traditional Climbing Festival in Bazhong. People in Bazhong always say that the year is completed only after the 16th day of the first lunar month. Every year during the Climbing Festival, every household will prepare bacon and other delicacies in advance, and invite relatives and friends to meet on every mountain. For them, this is "love." But for every hilltop, you can also see the selfless dedication of volunteers, the presence of special police and traffic police, the waiting of fire fighters and so on.
Climbing a mountain on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month has been passed down for thousands of years. It is a unique folk cultural custom in Bazhong. It has profound humanistic connotations, unique local customs and a good mass base. It is an important element of Bazhong culture. .
Folk: "Six theories" that are alive in the mouth and ears. Regarding the unique folk festival of climbing on the 16th day of the first lunar month, there are many beautiful legends among Bazhong folk.
Sacrifice to Fuxi. Bazhong Daily reporter Li Xiudong wrote in the article "The Historical Context and Practical Significance of Bazhong's 16th Climb": "Zhou Jiyun believed in the book "Cuba Country Exploration" that Bazhong's 16th Climb was to commemorate the ancestors of the Ba people. Fuxi’s birthday is also held by the late folklorist Zhu Shizhen of our city. “It is said that the sixteenth day of the first lunar month is Fuxi’s birthday. On this day, Bazhong citizens spontaneously gather to visit the mountains and pay homage, praying for happiness and health for the whole family and good luck in the new year. According to some old people, in ancient times, people in Bazhong went to Fuxi Temple when climbing mountains. Inside the Fuxi Temple, there are thick ancient cypresses and solemnity. According to the sixty-year cycle of the heavenly stems and earthly branches, one of them is selected to be on duty in the temple every year, so this big cypress tree becomes the direct embodiment of Fuxi's will. It cures diseases and can do anything. People who worshiped the ancestral temple filed in along the corridor, bowed three times and kowtowed nine times, burned incense and turned paper into paper under the terrace. Then they each walked to the sacred tree, pasted paper figures on them, and lit incense for moxibustion. Although the Fuxi Temple is now hard to find, the custom of climbing high mountains on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month, passed down from generation to generation, has been preserved to this day.
In memory of Prince Zhang Huai. People also say that climbing on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month is to commemorate Li Xian, the crown prince. In August of the first year of Yonglong in the Tang Dynasty (AD 680), Wu Zetian demoted Prince Zhanghuai and Li Xian to a commoner in remote Bazhong. From then on, every year on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month, the prince would climb Nankang Mountain and Wangwang Mountain to look north to Chang'an and pray. Return to your loved ones. In memory of the prince's emphasis on farming and caring for the people, the people invited them to climb the mountain, which has become a custom and has endured through the ages.
There is a saying of "get rid of all kinds of diseases". It can be found in "Bazhou Chronicles·Customs" compiled by Zhu Xugu in the 13th year of Daoguang reign in the Qing Dynasty. "Zu Bai Bing is also called "Wu Bai Bing", and the customs vary from place to place. This practice has been around as early as the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. For example, in the Ming Dynasty, people in Qilu often visited temples on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month, which was called "Wu Bai Bing". The capital (Beijing) mostly celebrated the Lantern Festival When traveling, touch the door nails of Zhengyang Gate to get rid of bad luck and avoid all kinds of diseases. In Cuba State, people burn incense on Wangwang Mountain on the ninth day of the first lunar month and climb the south niche on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month to avoid all kinds of diseases." ).
"Encourage farmers" theory. Folk legend has it that Li Xian, the prince of the Tang Dynasty, was demoted to Bazhou and once visited Nangong Mountain to persuade farmers. On the 16th day of the first lunar month, many people went up to the mountain to listen to his advice on farming. Therefore, the custom of climbing high mountains and visiting mountains on the 16th day of the first lunar month gradually formed. To this day, the ruins of Meinongtai still exist in Nanba at the foot of Nankong Mountain. Meinong Terrace "is located two miles south of the state. It is said that Huan Xuan, the governor of Liangzhou in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, built it here to encourage farmers." (Qing Dynasty Zhu Xugu compiled "Bazhou Chronicles·Historical Sites") It is a good thing to encourage farmers to farm, and it has long been written by historians It has been included in the historical classics, but the general public does not know that it was Huan Xuan, the governor of Liangzhou in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and not the prince Li Xian who really persuaded farmers.
"Wanghong" said. In 1933, the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army established the Sichuan-Shaanxi Revolutionary Base Area, the second largest Soviet area in the country, in Tongjiang, Nanjiang, and Bazhong. In 1935, the Red Army went north to fight against Japan. Before leaving, they left a message: "We will definitely come back." Therefore, the common people climbed high and looked far away every year, hoping for the early success of the revolution and the early return of the Red Army. It has become a custom that has been followed to this day.
The "touching seal" theory. Li Xusheng, the former representative of Bazhong City and folklore expert, wrote in the article "Climbing the Mountain on the Sixteenth Chapter of the First Month": Some people say that hundreds of years ago, Bazhong scholars and current students went to Nangong Mountain to touch the seals of Heshi. Stone symbolizes high school, palm print, official position, and good luck in the future or in the near future. Later, it gradually formed a folk custom. In addition, there is a folk saying that "a year of hard work comes to an end, and you have to have fun during the Spring Festival. But after the 16th day, the paper in front of the door is burned, the adults do business, and the children carry dog ??shit, and the hard work of the year begins again." Statement.
Official: It is included in the provincial intangible cultural heritage list. In view of the fact that the climbing on the 16th day of the first lunar month in Bazhong City is a unique annual event in the country, its popularity and scale exceed that of the Spring Festival in 2009. The annual custom of Bazhong Climbing on the 16th day of the first lunar month has been officially approved by the Provincial People's Government as a provincial intangible cultural heritage list.
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