Basic indicators
① The average length of newborn is about 50 cm, and its head is relatively large, accounting for 1/4 of its length, and its head circumference is about 32.35 cm.
② Newborns breathe 40 44 times per minute. They cry when they are hungry, and when they cry, their breath will be shallow, fast and uneven.
③ The average weight of the newborn is 3.2kg, not less than 5kg and not more than 8kg, indicating that the baby's weight is within the normal range.
④ The pulse is relatively fast, averaging about 120 beats/min, and the fastest pulse can reach 140 beats/min.
Four reflections
The rooting reflex, sucking reflex and response to light and sound of newborn babies are also indicators to evaluate the health status of newborn babies. Of course, these are all operated and judged by medical staff.
complexion
It is not difficult to find that newborn babies are pink and tender, and healthy newborns have delicate skin. When they come into this world, once they have established normal breathing and gained warmth, they will turn pink.
fontanel
The fontanel, also known as the "life gate" among the people, is a "window" reflecting the health status of newborns, including the front fontanel and the back fontanel. Under normal circumstances, the baby's fontanel is flat. If parents find that the baby's fontanel has obvious protrusion or depression, they should let the doctor check it in time.
Fetal hair and hair
Some babies are born with black hair, which shows that babies grow well in the womb. Fetal hair refers to the hair on the body parts. Some babies rarely see fetal hair on their faces. Most babies' backs, foreheads and ears are covered with black fetal hair.
Fetal feces
Babies who are about to be born will excrete meconium. At this time, the fetus is formed by the accumulation of sediments in amniotic fluid, which is the earliest intestinal secretion for babies to come into this world. Meconium looks dark, but it is actually dark brown or dark green. It is sticky and generally stinks within 12 hours after birth. If it hasn't been discharged, parents should call a doctor to have a look.
Of course, if the newborn has the following "abnormal" performance, parents should not panic. They can wait and see because it may be normal.
The first type: edema occurs 3-5 days after birth.
Newborn babies may have unstable metabolism. If edema of hands, feet and calves occurs 3-5 days after birth, parents should not panic! Normal newborns have a certain degree of edema, and if your baby is premature, the edema may be more obvious. Generally, with the reduction of physiological weight, the baby's edema will naturally disappear after the excess water in the newborn is discharged.
The second type: teeth are born.
There is a folk saying that it is unlucky for a newborn baby to have teeth, and it is even called "ghost teeth". Young people should pay attention to scientific parenting, superstition is unreliable. This situation is often caused by excessive calcium supplementation during pregnancy, which is often referred to as horse teeth.
Although horse teeth are called teeth, they are not real teeth. This is just a local tissue hyperplasia of newborns, which usually falls off soon after birth. Of course, it may also be a deciduous tooth, which requires a doctor's judgment.
The third type: newborns have red marks on their heads.
Natural delivery babies will be squeezed through the birth canal, and some will appear red marks or edema when they are squeezed seriously, which is often more common in the first-born babies. It seems that the baby is ugly because the head is long or weird. Don't panic in this case. Generally, this condition can be absorbed in 2 ~ 3 days after birth, and it takes 6 ~ 7 days for some individuals to subside without treatment.
The fourth type: big navel
A newborn baby's navel bulges a "big bag", especially when the baby is crying, which is often called navel scattering. In this case, there is no need to rush to hold the child for medical treatment. Even if you take it to the hospital, the doctor will let you see it after one year old. Because most babies can heal themselves within 1 2 years old.
The fifth type: an "egg" is missing.
Most boys dropped two balls when they were born, but a few babies only had one ball and the other one disappeared? It's called a newborn won testicle. In this case, doctors will also ask parents to take their children to see a doctor when they are 1 years old.
Sixth: Qing Ji
Some babies are born with many scars, which are actually caused by special pigmentation. Most memories fade at the age of 2 3, and some babies naturally fade at the age of 7 8.
The seventh kind: the new "slave"
The newborn baby looks like a slave. Parents don't panic! Maybe it's biological jaundice. Bilirubin metabolism of newborn babies is different from that of adults, and it is often a physiological phenomenon. Jaundice will subside naturally in a few days. Of course, if it doesn't subside, you should see a doctor in time.
Eighth: Breast pain
It is caused by the high concentration of prolactin and other hormones in the maternal blood, which leads to the proliferation of immortals in the maternal body. Both male and female newborns can appear, and naturally subside after 2 ~ 3 weeks, and some babies' breasts can even secrete some milk.
Avoid squeezing to avoid infection.
The ninth type: fake "big aunt"
On the 57th day after birth, some baby girls shed a little bloody secretion from vagina, commonly known as "false menstruation", which was caused by the interruption of estrogen. It can last about 1 week.
Tenth: physiological weight loss
In the early days after birth, the weight of the newborn gradually decreases due to the loss of water in the body, reaching the lowest point on the 56th day (but not exceeding 9% of the birth weight), and generally returning to the birth weight after 7654 and 38+00 days. Therefore, it is normal to lose weight in the short term, so parents don't have to worry too much. As long as you feed it normally, you will gain weight in a few days.
The newborn baby is "small and soft". Everyone is curious about such a lively little life. It's normal to look around, and you won't panic when you see "abnormality".
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