What is the question of "why people's problems"? -Re-understanding of "Speech"

Tomorrow is the seventieth anniversary of Mao Zedong: Speech at Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art.. Yesterday I wrote an article "My Understanding of Speech". My article attracted the attention of some friends, some people agreed and some people opposed, which is normal. I would like to thank all those who care about this article. I feel that "speech" still has some influence. Those who agree with the viewpoint of "speech" and those who disagree with it all think that this is an important article, and the article talks about quite a few important issues, otherwise, people now will not care about it. There are more reports about "speech" in the news media these days, and CCTV broadcasts the documentary "Da Lu Yi" in prime time. By the way, it is not rigorous to replace Yan 'an literature and art with "Lu Yi" (Luxun College of Art and Literature). "Lu Yi" is only an art and literature college in Yan 'an, and it is a part of Yan 'an literature and art. Many representatives and works of Yan 'an literature and art are not from "Lu Yi", and not all participants in the "Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art" are Lu Yi. For example, Comrade Li Jiefu, who wrote "Singing Two Small Cowboys" and "We Walk on the Road", has been to Yan 'an, but he has never been to Lu Yi. He is also a representative of Yan 'an literature and art, and his achievements are of course the achievements of Yan 'an literature and art. This is not to deny the role of Lu Yi, but to seek truth from facts, so that some old comrades who have worked in Yan 'an but have never worked in Lu Yi can have a balance in their hearts. The name "Da Lu Yi" is skillful, but it is said to be larger than Lu Yi, and it can also be said that Lu Yi will go to a bigger place. China people always have a good name. With such great efforts to publicize the "speech", some people may say that it is a kind of political propaganda and it is not good. It is the flood of left-leaning thoughts. Personally, I think it is necessary to take advantage of this opportunity to reflect on the current literary and artistic thoughts under such circumstances. What to reflect on? Over the years, many people think that the greatest significance of the "speech" is that Mao Zedong put forward in the "speech" that "the question of why people are a fundamental question and a question of principle." This points out the direction for revolutionary literature and art. Others think that why people's questions have become a big stick to crack down on some excellent works and an excuse for some mediocre works to come out. All literary and artistic works that do not write about workers, peasants and soldiers are criticized. Why is man's problem a watershed to measure literary and artistic works? He forms the political standard of literature and art, which is very harmful. Why is the question of human being a pseudo-question, a question that should not be discussed? In my opinion, this is the biggest debate on "speech". I think this argument is very good. Why the problem of people is really a problem. Why is the human problem a problem? I think: Why the problem of people is actually the living environment of artists. When a person chooses to engage in art, he chooses a personal way of living. Except those who have money, food and drink "playing with tickets" at home; Unless the individual has other living conditions and hobbies; Like Cao Xueqin, "a paper full of absurd remarks, a pair of sad tears, Dou Yun's author is crazy, who can solve the taste", except those who starve to death and want to write a Dream of Red Mansions. As long as you take art as your way of life, you will really meet the question of who you are. Why people decide what environment you live in. From this point of view, it is right for Mao Zedong to raise this issue in Yan 'an. Artists who run to Yan 'an and people who want to work in Yan 'an have an important reason: they have defected to the revolution! Like Ding Ling, Zhang Geng, Xian Xinghai and others, they are already celebrities in the Kuomintang-controlled areas and have a good life. Is Jiang Qing, at least a third-rate movie star in Shanghai. Their basic life should not be a problem. They will go to Yan 'an, which is even more difficult. Why? Because they believe that it is the holy land of revolution. Can realize their revolutionary ideals. These people who went to Yan 'an to do the revolution all regarded Mao Zedong as the revolutionary leader. Is it wrong for the revolutionary leader to ask you to solve the problem of people? In such a war situation, if you don't unify your thoughts with those of revolutionary political parties and revolutionary leaders, there will be problems in the living environment of the revolution. What kind of art are you doing? Facts have proved that it was after Mao Zedong's speech at the Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art that the literary and art workers in Yan 'an achieved a high degree of unity of thought and made great contributions to the national victory of China's * * * production party. These literary and art workers have also found their best living environment. * * * After the Productive Party seized the political power in China, this group of Yan 'an literary and art workers became the heads of the cultural departments of the new political power all over the country, or became the leading figures in the literary and art circles of New China. This is "solving the problem of why people solve their own living environment." Let's take a big leap in our thinking. What is the living environment of China's literary and art circles today? Do you want to ask the question of why now? As we all know, the living environment of the literary and art circles now is the reform of the cultural system, that is, the transformation of enterprises into restructuring, that is, the promotion of art to the market. Under the condition of market economy, is there no question of why? I see why people's problems are more important now. Under the condition of market economy, why are literature and art people? Obviously, first of all, for those who are willing to buy tickets, for those who are willing to exchange money for your artistic products in the market. How can you live without them? Who is willing to exchange money for your art products in the market? Is it the people? Of course it is! Who dares to say that the consumer of the market is not the people? What is not the people? Whoever buys your art, no matter what his occupation, will exchange money with you for your products, and the price will be the same. Isn't this the most reasonable way to serve the broad masses of the people? Therefore, now every artist should study the question of why, and who do you want to sell this work of art to? Buy for whom is to serve, and buy for more people is to serve more people. This is the concept of "studying consumer groups" in market economics. "Studying the consumer masses" is to study the question of why people. Maybe some people will say that my art is pure art and I don't want to enter the market. Then how do you meet the people? People can't even see your work. How do you realize your artistic value? Under such circumstances, it is understandable to create art for money. Because earning more money means getting more people's recognition. As long as it doesn't break the law, it means "serving the wider people". Some people say that vulgar things will be recognized by more people. If it is not an argument, just improve their level. Some people say that my works of art are not for sale, but for my own enjoyment. There really is no question of who. Because you only do it for yourself. But this must have a premise, you must have the ability to support yourself in other ways. Why does the human problem lead to another problem? This problem is not to serve the market or the people. It means "serving the leaders, serving the achievements and winning the prizes." This is a very common "new three-way policy" in present life. I don't want to criticize this "new three behaviors" too much, which is also the living environment of China's current literary and art circles. Serve the leader, the leader will give money, and you can survive if you get the money. There is no point in criticizing these literary and art workers too much. Serving political achievements, individuals can make progress. Who doesn't want to make progress in this big environment? Winning the prize can get more living space, and in order to survive better, it is also out of helplessness. If this "new three acts" is shameless, the responsibility is not on the artist. In such a big environment, mortals are powerless to fight. Maverick artists are always rare. Most people can only go with the flow. Therefore, why the problem of people is actually the problem of living environment, and this problem will always exist. This is my new understanding of "speech".