There is a kind of fish named Kun in the north. Kun is so big, I don't know its thousands of miles; Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back is thousands of miles away; Fly away angrily, its wings hang in the sky like clouds.
If it is a bird, shipping will migrate to Nanming. South ghost, Tianchi also. "Qi Xie", ambition is strange.
The text of "Hehe" says: "Peng moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand miles. It was Jiu Wan Li who climbed up and went to rest in June. " Wild horses, dust and creatures are blowing with interest.
The sky is gray, and its positive color is evil? Far away and everything is extremely evil? It looks down. If it is, it's gone. And the product of husband's water is not thick, then the negative boat is weak.
Cover the depression with a glass of water, and the mustard will sail. If you put a cup on it, it will be glue. The water is shallow and the boat is big. The wind is not thick, and its negative wing is weak. Therefore, nine Wan Li, the wind is next, it is the wind of today; Those who carry the blue sky but don't die, then they will go to the south today.
Kun and Xue Dui laughed and said, "I decided to fly to grab the elm tree, but when it didn't arrive, I took control of the ground. What do you think of Wan Li and the South? " Suitable for ignorant people, can eat three meals, and the stomach will still be as expected; The fittest keeps food for a hundred miles; The fittest travels a thousand miles, and food gathers in March. What do you know about the second worm?
Little knowledge is not as good as great knowledge, and small years are not as good as big years. What if I know? I don't know the future, I don't know the spring and autumn. There are ghosts in southern Chu, five hundred years old is spring, and five hundred years old is autumn;
In ancient times, there was a big tree, eight thousand years old was spring, and eight thousand years old was autumn, which was also a big year. Peng Zu has a long-standing reputation, and everyone is a horse. Not sad at all! The problem of soup is also a thorn.
In the north of poverty, there is a ghost sea and Tianchi. There is a kind of fish, which is thousands of miles wide. He who doesn't know his accomplishment is called Kun. There is a bird, named Peng, whose back is like Mount Tai, whose wings are like clouds hanging down to the sky, and whose angle is up to nine Wan Li, who is completely out of the clouds, and then turns south, becoming a ghost in the south.
He laughed at me and said, "What about the stone?" ? I jumped to my feet, but after counting down, I flew among Artemisia, which is also flying. And he's comfortable? "This little debate also.
Therefore, the husband knows the official effect, the action is better than the township, the morality is combined with the monarch, and the country-requisitioner regards himself. However, Song still laughed: The reputation of the world is not persuaded, and the world is not in love. It is long gone to rely on the internal and external points to fight for the realm of honor and disgrace.
There are countless others in the world. Although, there are still trees. Fu Liezi rode against the wind, Ling Ran was good, ten days and five days, and then reversed. The blessed don't count. Although this is off-line, there are still things to do.
Why is it evil for a husband to benefit from the righteousness of heaven and earth and resist the debate of six qi, and to swim endlessly? Therefore, to a person who doesn't have himself, the God-man is useless and the sage is nameless.
Translation:
There is a fish in the sea in the north. Its name is Kun. Kun is so big, I don't know how big it is. Become a bird. Its name is Peng.
Peng Bei is thousands of miles long. When it rises and flies, its spread wings are like clouds on the horizon. This kind of Peng bird will migrate to the southern waters when the wind blows the sea.
The sea in the south is a huge natural pool. Qi Xie is a book about strange things. It is recorded in this book: "When Peng moved to the South China Sea, flapping his wings on the water surface could stir up waves of 3,000 miles, fly around the whirlwind to the high altitude of Wan Li, and leave the North Sea by June wind."
Swimming like a wild horse and flying dust are all caused by the breath of moving creatures blowing each other. The sky is boundless, is it its original color? Is it boundless? When Peng looked down, he actually saw the same thing.
If the collected water is not deep, then it has no strength to carry a big ship. Pour a glass of water in the low-lying place in front of the hall, and a grass can be regarded as a boat. If you put a cup on it, it will stick. This is why shallow water makes a big ship.
If the concentrated wind is not strong enough, then there is no strength to load a huge wing. Therefore, Peng flew at an altitude of 90,000 miles, and the wind was smooth. With the wind, he carried the blue sky unimpeded, and then began to fly south.
Cicada and Little Turtledove laughed at Peng and said, "We struggled to fly, but we stopped when we met elms and sandalwood trees. Sometimes we can't fly but land on the ground.
Why do you want to fly to the South China Sea thousands of miles away? "People who go to the suburbs only bring three meals that day, and when they come back, their stomachs are still full; People hundreds of miles away have to spend the whole night preparing dry food;
People thousands of miles away have to save food for three months. What do cicadas and turtledoves know Xiao Zhi can't compare with great wisdom and short life can't compare with long life. how do you know
Fungi in ephemera do not know night and dawn. Spring begets summer and dies, and summer begets autumn and dies. I don't know a year. This is short-lived. There is a big tree in southern Chu called Gui Ling, which regards 500 years as a spring and 500 years as an autumn.
In ancient times, there was a tree called Toona sinensis, which regarded 8,000 years as a spring and 8,000 years as an autumn. This is longevity. But Peng Zu is still famous for its longevity. Isn't it sad to be compared with him?
Shang Tang asked the spine the same thing: "In the far north where there is no vegetation, there is a deep sea, and that is Tianchi. There is a fish in it. Its body is thousands of miles wide. No one knows how long it is. Its name is Kun.
There is a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back is like Mount Tai, and his wings are like clouds in the sky. Take a whirlwind to Wan Li, cross the clouds, form a blue sky, and then fly south, and you will fly to the South China Sea.
The sparrow in Ozawa sneered and said to Peng,' Where are you going? I jumped and flew, but I fell a few feet high and circled among Artemisia, which was also an excellent flight. "Where will it fly?" "This is the difference between small and big.
Therefore, those who are smart enough to perform the duties of an official, whose behavior can shelter the people of a township, whose virtue can appeal to the heart of a king and whose ability can win the trust of the whole country look at themselves like the bird mentioned above.
Song laughed at such people. Song Zi Rong was praised by everyone in the world, so he was not particularly encouraged. All the people in the world slander him, so he is not depressed.
He decided his own affairs with foreign countries, distinguished the boundaries between honor and disgrace, and felt that was all. He does not pursue everything in the world desperately.
Even so, he didn't reach that level. Liezi walks with the wind and enjoys himself. Come back in fifteen days; He didn't try his best to pursue happiness.
Although this avoids walking, it still has something to rely on. If he conforms to the nature of all things in the world, controls the changes of six qi and invites him to swim in infinite places, what will he rely on?
Therefore, the person with the highest self-cultivation can let nature take its course and forget yourself. The person with the highest self-cultivation has no intention of seeking merit, and the sage with moral knowledge has no intention of seeking fame.
Extended data:
Xiaoyao Tour is the representative prose of Zhuang Zhou, a philosopher and writer in the Warring States Period. It is listed as the first article in Zhuangzi, a Taoist classic, and it can be regarded as the masterpiece of Zhuangzi both ideologically and artistically.
The theme of this article is to pursue an absolutely free outlook on life. The author believes that only by forgetting the boundary between things and me, reaching the realm of no-self, inaction and namelessness, and swimming in infinity without any foundation, can we truly "roam freely".
Firstly, this paper expounds the difference between "small" and "big" by comparing Dapeng with small animals such as pheasants and pigeons.
On this basis, the author points out that both Fu and Xue pigeons who are not good at Yu Feixiang, Dapeng who can fly high in Wan Li by the wind, and even Liezi who can walk against the wind are "waiting for something" and are not free, which leads to and expounds the truth that "there is no one but himself, and the gods are useless and the saints are nameless";
Finally, through the argument between Keiko and Zhuangzi about "usefulness" and "uselessness", it is shown that only by not being used by the world can we be "carefree". The full text is rich in imagination, novel in conception, magnificent and grotesque, with Wang Yang's wanton and romantic spirit between the lines.
Zhuangzi (about 369 BC-286 BC) was a philosopher in the Warring States period and a representative of the Taoist school. Zhou was born in Song Dynasty (now northeast of Shangqiu, Henan Province). I used to be a small official and a painter, but I soon resigned.
Chu Weiwang hired him as a photograph, but he was rejected. He "refused to be an official for life". He denied the existence of the creator of heaven, and believed that everything originated from Tao, and human life and death was only a short link in the development of Tao.
However, because he only saw the changing relativity of things and ignored the stipulation of the essence of things, his dialectical view became sophistry.
His articles open and close vertically and horizontally, change for no reason, and use fables, and his imagination is rich and strange, which occupies an important position in the history of prose development.
His works include Zhuangzi, 52 original books and 33 extant books, which have far-reaching influence in the history of academic thought in China and occupy an important position in the history of ancient literature. ?
An important aspect of Zhuangzi's philosophical thought, namely nihilism and absolute freedom, is embodied in the whole article.
It not only influenced the thoughts and creations of ancient and later writers such as Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Tao Yuanming, Li Bai, Su Shi and Cao Xueqin to varying degrees, but also had an important influence on modern and contemporary politicians, scientists and writers in China.
Among modern politicians, Mao Zedong is the most affected. Among modern writers, Lu Xun fell in love with Zhuangzi's philosophy and articles, which obviously influenced his thoughts and writing style.
In addition, literary masters such as Wen Yiduo and Guo Moruo were also deeply influenced by it.
Happy Travel has not only influenced contemporary politicians and writers in China, but also influenced contemporary scientists in China.
Li Zhengdao, the Nobel Prize winner, once said: "Zhuangzi's" Happy Travel "said:' There are fish in the northern ghost, and its name is Kun. Kun is so big, I don't know its thousands of miles; Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back is thousands of miles away. "
It simply represents the evolution theory of Zhuangzi era. Thousands of miles at that time were close to infinity for us now. Peng in Zhuangzi can represent the whole universe; Peng's flight symbolizes the beginning of the whole universe and also represents the Big Bang. "
Zhuangzi's theory of carefree travel has profoundly influenced the way of thinking and attitude towards life for thousands of years, and opened a free life path for people.
Zhuangzi's carefree outlook on life criticizes the value of secular tools, emphasizes grasping human existence from the height of the universe, and sublimates human spirit from reality.
And get rid of the narrow mentality of self-centeredness, self-restraint and self-limitation, so as not to lose and alienate yourself in mediocrity and busyness.
This is of practical significance to broaden people's ideological horizons, broaden people's spiritual space and raise people's ideological understanding and spiritual connotation to a new level.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia: Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour