So far, only the United States and the Soviet Union have the ability to build space shuttles that can enter low-earth orbit, and they have actually been successfully launched and recovered. Similar projects developed by other countries have not been actually launched and put into orbit. ?
1. Space shuttle
The space shuttle is a winged reusable spacecraft, which is launched from the atmosphere by an auxiliary launch vehicle and looks like an airplane as a means of transportation between the earth and outer space.
Although many countries in the world have successively developed space shuttles, only the United States and the Soviet Union have really successfully launched and recovered such vehicles. However, due to the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the takeover of related equipment by Kazakhstan, the entire space program was shut down due to insufficient funds to maintain its operation. Therefore, only the American space shuttle fleet can actually use and perform tasks in the world.
The wings of the space shuttle provide air braking when returning to Earth and lift when descending the runway. Like other disposable vehicles, the space shuttle ascends vertically by rocket power. The space shuttle has a low payload ratio because of its wings. Designers hope to make up for this shortcoming with reusability.
Shuttle list
[editor]? United States of America
The United States is the first country in the world to own and actually operate the space shuttle, and also the country with the largest fleet. Most American space shuttles are named after famous observation ships in history. The space shuttles they built include:
Space shuttle in service?
Discover (STS? Found it? OV- 103)？
Atlantis (STS? Atlantis? OV- 104)？
Endeavour (STS? Endeavour? OV- 105)？
Challenger suddenly exploded and crashed 73 seconds after liftoff. Destroyed the space shuttle?
Challenger (STS? Challenger? STA-099/OV-099)？ It exploded during the launch?
Colombia (STS? Colombia? OV- 102)？ Disintegrate when returning to earth and entering the atmosphere?
Test phase?
Main Propeller Test Body (MPTA-098)?
Pathfinder (STS? Pathfinder)- Space shuttle simulator for MPTA-098 test?
Enterprise (STS? Enterprise? OV- 10 1)？
[editor]? former Soviet Union
Shuttle blizzard? -? Blizzard (Russian: бура? н, Buran) The space shuttle program was developed in the Soviet era for an arms race in space with the United States. Shortly after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, this plan was officially terminated, and the remaining equipment was owned by Kazakhstan, where the space center of the Soviet era was located. In the snowstorm project, five space shuttles have actually started construction, but only the first one, Blizzard (Buran? 1.0 1) really completed and successfully launched and recovered, including the No.2 bird (пти? чка, Putic card, also known as Bulun? Several other Soviet space shuttles, including 1.02), were suspended with an unfinished attitude.