Tianshui County, an ancient administrative division, is today's Tianshui City, Gansu Province and its two districts and five counties: Qinzhou District (Qincheng District), Maiji District (Beidao District), Wushan County, Qin'an County, and Gangu County , Qingshui County, Zhangjiachuan County. Qinzhou District and Maiji District were the most important areas at that time.
"Tianshui" is the longest-used place name in local history. It first started in the third year of Yuanding reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (114 BC). The name Tianshui comes from the beautiful legend of "Tianhe fills with water". As far back as more than 3,000 years ago, the Tianshui area was densely populated, with adjacent houses, "beautiful mountains and rivers, and dense forests." However, at the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, long-term battles, fighting and successive years of drought turned the once prosperous and fertile Shangcheng into ruins, and the people were in dire straits. Legend has it that one night, just as people were falling asleep, suddenly the sky was roaring with strong winds, thunder and lightning, and with a golden light shining, a red light appeared on the ground. Suddenly, the ground shook continuously, and a large crack opened in the ground amidst the loud rumbling sounds. I saw the river water pouring down from the sky and pouring into the big gap, thus forming a lake, "Tianshui Lake". Who would have known that the water level of this lake is stable, the water quality is pure, sweet and mellow, "it never dries up in spring and never dries up in summer". Overflowing, the four seasons are graceful." At that time, people said that the lake was connected to the Tianhe River, and they also called it "Tianshui Well". Later, this legend was heard by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and he ordered the new county to be built on the lake in the northern city of Shanggui. Next to it, it was named "Tianshui County". From then on, the name "Tianshui" came into being.
In the third year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (114 BC), Longxi County was divided into Tianshui County and Pingxiang County (today's Tongxiang County). Pingxiang Town, Wei County), leading Pingxiang, Ji County (east of today's Gangu County), Chengji (southwest of today's Jingning County), Zhangdao (southeast of today's Longxi County), Wangyuan (west of today's Shuishi City), Hankai ( Today's Shuishi Beidao District is south), Mianzhu (now southwest of Qingshui County), Long County (now Zhangjiachuan County), Jiequan (now southeast of Zhuanglang County), Rongyi Road (now north of Qingshui County), Lueyang Road (now Qin Northeast of An County), Qingshui, Ayang (southwest of today's Jingning County), Yongshi (northeast of today's Yuzhong County), Langan (northeast of today's Longxi County), and Fengjie 16 counties belong to Liangzhou.
In the 17th year of Yongping (74 years), Tianshui County was renamed Hanyang County and reorganized into Hebei County, with 11 counties under its control. The original control was Hebei County, Qianxiang, Chengji, Wangyuan, Longxian, Lueyang, Ayang, and Yongshi 8. The county was divided into Xi County and Shanggui County from Longxi County, and Xianqin County (to the northwest of today's Qin'an County) was newly established.
In the Three Kingdoms period, the county was renamed Tianshui County and was still governed by Qinzhou (Ji County). Today's east of Gangu County), it led to 6 counties: Ji County, Xianxin (renamed Xianqin County), Chengji, Xixian, Shanggui, and Xinyang (today's northwest of Beidao District, Shuishi City)
Tianshui in the Western Jin Dynasty. The county was moved to Shanggui County, taking over Shanggui, Shichang (another place after the abolition of Xi County, northeast of today's Li County), Xinyang (now northwest of Beidao District, Shuishi City), Xianxin (now northwest of Qin'an County), Chengji (today's Qin'an County), Ji County (later abolished) 6 counties.
The former Zhao Tianshui County ruled 3 counties, and it was still the seat of Qinzhou, and the Western Qin Dynasty. Daxia only controlled Qingshui.
During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Tianshui County still governed Shanggui County, and the four counties of Shanggui, Xianxin, Pingquan and Dangting were still governed by Qinzhou. . In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Tianshui County led to Shangfeng and Huanggua counties.
In the third year of Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty (583), it was abolished and moved to Qinzhou in the fifth year of Daye (607). Tianshui County governs Shanggui (today's Shuishi District), and controls Shanggui, Qinling (today's North Road District of Shuishi City), Chengji (today's northwest of Qin'an County), Longcheng (today's northeast of Qin'an County), Qingshui, and Jicheng (today's Shuishi District) 6 counties in the east of Gangu County
In the first year of Tang Wude (616), it was changed to Qinzhou. In the first year of Tianbao, Tianshui County was restored and became the administrative seat of Longyou County. District), leading six counties: Chengji, Shanggui (now northwest of Qin'an County), Longcheng (now Qin'an County), Qingshui, Fuqiang (east of today's Gangu County), and Changdao (northeast of today's Li County).
In the first year of Qianyuan (758), the county system was abolished and all counties were established. So far, Tianshui County no longer existed.
The name Qinzhou first began in the reign of Emperor Wen of Wei. Year (220 years).
The origin of Qin comes from planting crops (i.e. Mao Gu). Long before the Western Zhou Dynasty, today's Tianshui Valley Basin has fertile land, open terrain, green peaks, prosperous water, and luxuriant water and grass. It is a good place for herding horses and raising livestock. Boyi, the ancestor of the Qin people who lived here, was granted a land grant and the surname Ying by Shun because he raised horses for Shun and multiplied quickly. By the time of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Feizi, after Boyi, was praised by King Xiao for his contribution to raising horses for King Xiao of Zhou.
King Xiao not only allowed him to inherit the "Ying" surname from Boyi during the Shun Dynasty, but also "confessed the land as a vassal, and the city of Qin (today's Qingshui and Zhangchuan areas)" was called "Qindi". This is the beginning of the Qin State in our country's history.
Tianshui is the birthplace of "Qin". Since the Three Kingdoms, there have been many places named with the word "Qin" in Tianshui, such as Qin'an, Qinling, Qinzhou, etc.
In the heyday of the Kaiyuan Dynasty of the Tang Dynasty, Qinzhou was an important town on the way from my country to Chang'an in the west. It was known as the "gathering place of Qianqiu", so it became famous for a while. According to the "Biography of Tripitaka Master of Daci'en Temple", Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty went west to India to worship Buddha and obtain Buddhist scriptures. He once passed through Tianshui and "passed Qinzhou and stopped for one night." There are many legends about Tang Monk's Buddhist scriptures circulating in Tianshui to this day. In the fourth year after the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu resolutely abandoned his official position in order to avoid the turmoil. He took his family with him and crossed Longshan to Qinzhou.
He began to live in Dongke Valley, 50 miles southeast of Qinzhou City, which is now Liujiahe (formerly known as Zimei Village) in Bahuai Village, Jiezi Township, Beidao District, Today's City, and later moved to Qinzhou City. Du Fu lived in Qinzhou for three months and wrote "Twenty Miscellaneous Poems in Qinzhou" and 12 poems about his journey from Long to Shu, which played an important role in his poetry creation throughout his life.
Tianshui also has an ancient name called "Chengji". The name Chengji was originally located in the Western Han Dynasty, but before the Song Dynasty it was only in Qin'an County, and it was moved to Tianshui in the Song Dynasty.