Shangqiu, referred to as "Shang" for short, is a prefecture-level city in Henan Province, bordering Huaibei in Anhui Province and Xuzhou in Jiangsu Province in the east, Kaifeng in Henan Province in the west, Zhoukou in Henan Province and Bozhou in Anhui Province in the south, and Heze and Jining in Shandong Province in the north. According to its genesis and morphological characteristics, Shangqiu city is divided into three types: Yellow River alluvial plain, Huaihe River alluvial plain and denuded residual hill, among which the Yellow River alluvial plain is the main one. Shangqiu has a warm temperate continental monsoon climate. Shangqiu belongs to Huaihe River Basin, Hongze Lake, Vortex River and Nansi Lake.
Shangqiu is a national comprehensive transportation hub. Shangqiu is a national historical and cultural city, one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization, the birthplace and settlement of Shang tribes, the earliest capital of Shang Dynasty, the birthplace of merchant commodity management, the birthplace of Shang civilization and the reputation of "the source of Yin and Shang".