Volgograd was called Tsaritsyn before 1925 and was founded in 1589. It was destroyed by fire in the early 17th century and rebuilt on the right bank of the Volga River in 1615. It is one of the oldest cities in the Volga River Basin. It was a military fortress since the 18th century, and a railway was built in the late 19th century. The city developed rapidly and became an important industrial and commercial trade center in southern Russia.
Volgograd has benefited from its unique geographical location at all times. It is a hub for land and water transportation connecting Europe and Asia. It is destined to play an important role, and the city has indeed always It played an important role in the history of Russia, whether it was Muscovy, the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. The city was originally chosen on the Siberian steppe, named Tsaritsyn, and built on an island where the Tsaritsyn River flows into the Volga River. It was designed as a fortress to protect Russia's southeastern border and the Great Volga March from nomadic raids. During the Soviet Revolutionary War, Stalin led the famous Battle of Tsaritsyn here, defeating the menacing White Cossack Army, which was of great significance to consolidating the results of the October Revolution and defending the newly established Soviet regime. In 1925, it was renamed Stalingrad in memory of Stalin.
In July 1942, the German fascists successively mobilized more than 1.5 million troops in an attempt to capture Stalingrad, cut off the Volga River and control the Caucasus, and then attack Moscow north. The soldiers and civilians of Stalingrad fought bloody battles for more than 200 days and nights, annihilating all the German troops, and finally forced the German fascists to stop their strategic offensive and begin to collapse. The great victory at Stalingrad on February 2, 1943 became a turning point in the Second World War, when the defeat of fascism was already obvious. The victory in the Battle of Stalingrad fundamentally turned the tide of World War II and laid the foundation for the Soviet Union’s victory in the Patriotic War and the entire Second World War.
The Chilean poet Neruda commented on this war: "The rule of courage has rewarded this land." After the war, the city had to be almost entirely rebuilt, which in effect meant the re-modern development of Stalingrad. The entire country supported Stalingrad during the war, the entire country helped it heal the wounds of war and helped it recover. The reconstruction of the destroyed city, the construction of the Volga-Don Canal ship channel and the construction of Europe's largest hydroelectric station actually illustrate the huge efforts of civilians and experts from all over the Soviet Union who came to the reconstruction site. Volgograd's river banks stretch for about a hundred kilometers with new factories and beautiful parks. It is a strategic transportation center and a hub for major railway and federal motor vehicle channels. The air route and waterway system provide river and sea traffic through the Volga-Don Channel. The Volga River and the Ergeninsky mineral waters, together with its excellent climatic conditions, have made it a magnet for many people since ancient times, showcasing the diversity of its peoples. Cities have huge scientific and cultural potential. There is a branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and fourteen academic institutions, including geology, automatic control, oceanography, biology and other faculties. In the Faculty of Science scientists study the oceans and geological formations, seeking ways to utilize and save natural resources. The city has a large number of honorable citizens, among them Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, who kindly accepted the title of Honorary Citizen of Volgograd. This gift marks the unparalleled and sincere admiration and affection of the people of Volgograd for Her Majesty the Queen and former King George I and their appreciation for their help in building a bridge of friendship between the Russian and British peoples during the Second World War The royal couple provided their aid to Stalingrad during the world wars.
After the 22nd Congress of the Soviet Union in 1961, the city was renamed Volgograd by Khrushchev.