The descendants of Shang Yang destroyed the nine tribes
The "annihilation of the nine tribes" began with the "clan punishment" of the Qin Dynasty. One person broke the law and punished the family. At the same time, Shang Yang's invention of "sitting together" was implemented. The execution of the three tribes has been developed to the execution of the seven tribes. By the time of Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty, it was further expanded to "annihilate nine tribes"! "
Shang Yang was exterminated by several tribes
Shang Yang, a native of the Wei State, Han nationality. A statesman, thinker, and famous representative of Legalism during the Warring States Period. A descendant of the monarch of the Wei State, the Gongsun family , so he was called Wei Yang, also known as Gongsun Yang, and he was later granted the title of Shang Yang. He entered the Qin Dynasty in response to Qin Xiaogong's request for virtue, and persuaded Qin Xiaogong to change the law to become stronger. After Xiaogong's death, he was framed by the nobles and died in a car accident. . During his 19th year in power, the Qin State was in great power, known in history as Shang Yang's Reform.
Shang Yang was "a good scholar of criminal justice" and specialized in ruling the country by law. He was greatly influenced by Li Kui, Wu Qi and others. Later, he became the retainer of Gongshu Cuo, the prime minister of Wei. When Gongshu Cuo was seriously ill, he said to King Hui of Wei: "Gongsun Yang is a young man who has many talents and can be appointed as prime minister. Then he said to King Hui, "Since the king has no use for Gongsun Martingale, he will be killed and not allowed to leave the country." "After the death of Gongshu Cuo, Shang Yang heard that Duke Xiao of Qin was a talented man and had great plans, so he went to Qin with Li Kui's "Book of Dharma". Through the eunuch Jing Jian, he met Duke Xiao three times. Shang Yang talked about the strategy of reforming the law and governing the country. Duke Xiao was overjoyed. He was appointed in 359 BC. Zuo Shuchang started the reform and was later promoted to Daliang Zao.
In the 13th and 19th years of King Zhou Xian's reign, he implemented reforms twice. The content of the reforms was to "abolish well fields, open Qianmo, and implement the system of counties and counties." Reward farming, weaving and fighting, and implement the law of sitting together." At this time, the prince violated the law, and Shang Yang said: "If the law does not work, you must violate it from above. ", and punished his grand master Qian and his teacher Gongsun Jia. In the 16th year of Qin Xiaogong, the grand master Qian broke the law again, and Shang Yang punished him by cutting off his nose. The reform lasted for a long time, and the people of Qin were very happy. The Qin State Road did not pick up the relics, and the mountains had no traces. Thief. In 340 BC, he led the Qin and Zhao troops to defeat General Ang, the son of the Wei State. Wei cut the land west of Hexi from Qin and moved the people to Daliang. At this time, King Hui of Wei was very angry: "I hate not to use Gongshu Cuo's words. "Shang Yang was granted the title of fifteen cities in Shang Dynasty for his meritorious service.
The laws of Shang Jun were too harsh and ungrateful. He established the law of sitting together, formulated strict laws, increased corporal punishment, large-scale incisions, gouging the top, pulling out the ribs, The punishment of cooking in a wok. The nobles of the Qin State were very resentful. Zhao Liang persuaded the Shang Lord to "return to the fifteenth capital and fill the gardens with contempt" and "not be greedy for business and wealth, and do not favor the Qin State's teachings". Listen. In 338 BC, Duke Xiao of Qin died and King Huiwen Yingsi came to the throne. His son Qian accused Shang Yang of treason. Shang Yang fled to the border and wanted to stay in a guest house. However, because he did not show his ID, the innkeeper did not dare to stay overnight because he was afraid of "sitting". "You will kill yourself by doing this." He wanted to flee to Wei, but the Wei people were unwilling to take him in because Shang Yang had breached his trust and attacked the Wei commander. Later, Shang Yang returned to Shang Yi and sent his troops to the north to attack Zheng. Qin sent troops to attack him and killed him. After the death of Zheng Guo Lingchi, he was punished by King Hui of Qin with the punishment of "breaking a chariot" in Tong, and the clan of Shang Jun was destroyed.
In 359 BC, when Shang Yang was assisting Qin Xiaogong in formulating a reform, Qianlong, the representative of the old aristocracy. , Du Zhi rose up to oppose the reform. They believed that the law would not change if the benefits were not enough, and the tools would not be changed if the merits were not enough. Shang Yang pointed out tit for tat: "In the past, there were different religions. How can we follow the ancient laws? If the emperors do not follow each other, how can we follow the rituals?" And died. Those who oppose the ancients are indispensable, but those who follow the rites are not enough. "Thus it is advocated that "legislation is based on the time, and etiquette is made according to the situation." This refutes the old aristocrats' so-called "laws and ancients" and "following etiquette" with the idea of ??historical evolution, and prepares public opinion for the implementation of the reform. In the textbook, " The illustration "Shang Yang's War of Tongues" is a portrayal of the great debate at that time.
Zhao Gang is appointed as the Party Secretary of the Shaanxi Government
As of November 17, 2020, the governor of Shaanxi Province is Zhao Yide.
Personal resume:
Zhao Yide, male, Han nationality, born in February 1965, from Wenling, Zhejiang, started working in August 1983, and joined China *** Industry in January 1985 Postgraduate degree from the Party School of the Provincial Party Committee.
He is currently an alternate member of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, deputy secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, governor of the provincial government and secretary of the Party Leadership Group.
1980.09-1983.08 Studying in the agronomy major at Taizhou Agricultural School in Zhejiang Province;
1983.08-1987.08 Secretary of the Wenxi District Office of Wenling County, Zhejiang Province;
1987.08-1991.12** * Secretary, deputy secretary and secretary of the Youth League Committee of Wenling County, Zhejiang Province;
1991.12-1994.01 Secretary of the Party Committee of Xinhe Town, Secretary of the Party Committee of Tangxia Town, Secretary of the Party Committee of Ruoheng Town, Wenling County, Zhejiang Province;
1994.01—1996.11*** Cadre and deputy director of the Youth and Agriculture Department of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Youth League;
1996.11—1999.04*** Director of the Organization Department of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Youth League;
1999.04—2000.07*** Member of the Party Leadership Group of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Youth League and Director of the Organization Department;
2000.07—2003.12*** Deputy Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Youth League;
2003.12—2006.11* **Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Youth League;
Deputy Secretary of the Wenzhou Municipal Committee of Zhejiang Province from November 2006 to March 2007;
Deputy Secretary of the Wenzhou Municipal Committee of Zhejiang Province from March 2007 to 2008.04 and Secretary of the Political and Legal Affairs Committee;
2008.04—2008.05 Deputy Secretary, Deputy Mayor, and Acting Mayor of Wenzhou Municipal Committee, Zhejiang Province;
2008.05—2011.09 Deputy Secretary, Mayor of Wenzhou Municipal Committee, Zhejiang Province;
2011.09 —2012.05 Secretary of the Quzhou Municipal Party Committee, Zhejiang Province;
2012.05—2012.06 Secretary-General of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee;
2012.06—2015.09 Member of the Standing Committee and Secretary-General of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee;
2015.09 —2018.03 Member of the Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of the Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee;
2018.03—2020.07 Deputy Secretary of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee;
2020.07—2020.08 Deputy Secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee;
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2020.08—Deputy Secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, Acting Governor, Governor and Party Secretary of the Provincial Government;
Alternate member of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Representatives of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Member of the 13th Provincial Party Committee.
Extended information:
Leaders of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government:
Governor
Zhao Yide: The 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Alternate member, deputy secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, governor, and secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Provincial Government
Vice Governor
Liang Gui: Member of the Standing Committee of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, Vice President of the Shaanxi Provincial People’s Government Governor, Deputy Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Provincial Government, Director of the Office of the Provincial Party Committee's Military-Civil Integration Development Committee
Wei Zengjun: Vice Governor of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government, Member of the Party Leadership Group, Vice Chairman of the Provincial CPPCC, Member of the Party Leadership Group, Yangling Agricultural High-tech Industry Director of the Demonstration Zone Management Committee, President of the Provincial Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries
Zhao Gang: Vice Governor of the People's Government of Shaanxi Province, member of the Party Leadership Group
Xu Qifang: Vice Governor of the People's Government of Shaanxi Province, member of the Party Leadership Group , Secretary of the Baoji Municipal Party Committee
Fang Guanghua: Vice Governor of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government, Chairman of the Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce
Xu Datong: Vice Governor of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government and member of the Party Leadership Group
Cheng Fubo: Vice Governor of Shaanxi Provincial People's Government, Member of the Leading Party Members' Group
Secretary-General
Fang Weifeng: Secretary-General of Shaanxi Provincial People's Government, Member of the Leading Party Members' Group, General Office of the Municipal Government Secretary of the Party Leadership Group
Shaanxi Provincial People's Government - Zhao Yide's resume
Baidu Encyclopedia - Shaanxi Provincial People's Government
Legendary descendants of Guo Ziyi
Queen Guo of Xianzong Yian is the granddaughter of Guo Ziyi, King of Fenyang, a famous general in the Zhongxing Dynasty of the Tang Dynasty. Her mother is Princess Shengping, the daughter of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty. She was the imperial concubine of Xianzong, and later became the empress dowager in the five dynasties of Muzong, Jingzong, Wenzong, Wuzong, and Xuanzong. She enjoyed "good fortune, longevity, and prosperity" for decades, and was unparalleled among the concubines of the Tang Dynasty.
When Xianzong was still King of Guangling, Tang Shunzong took the decision to marry the Guo family for him.
Because the Guo family was loyal and had made immortal contributions to the Tang Dynasty, the wedding ceremony for marrying Guo was extremely honorable.
After Guo passed away, she gave birth to Emperor Mu Zong of the Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Yuanhe, Emperor Xianzong came to the throne and named Guo a noble concubine. In the eighth year of Yuanhe, the court officials repeatedly asked Xianzong to appoint his concubine Guo as the queen. Xianzong finally decided to appoint the queen because the Guo family was too powerful and he had many favored concubines. He was afraid that he would be restrained by the Guo family in the future. The matter was delayed again and again, and it was not registered until Xianzong's death.
After Mu Zong ascended the throne, he honored his biological mother, Guo, as the empress dowager. Mu Zong was very filial. He placed his mother in Xingqing Palace. During every court meeting, Mu Zong would lead hundreds of officials to Xingqing Palace to pay greetings to the Queen Mother. During grand festivals or lively happy events, Mu Zong, his concubines and wives would come to Xingqing Palace to visit the Queen Mother. At that time, there were cars and horses like dragons outside Xingqing Palace. Mu Zong also liked to show off his pomp and would spend huge sums of money to make his mother happy. Once, when the Queen Mother went to Lishan for a visit, Mu Zong ordered King Jing to lead the imperial army to escort her. Mu Zong also personally went to Zhaoying Palace to greet the Queen Mother with great respect.
After Mu Zong died, someone gave the Queen Mother advice and asked her to listen to politics behind the curtain. After hearing this, the Queen Mother was furious and said: Don't you want me to imitate Wu Zetian? Now that the prince is still young, he should choose important ministers to assist him. How can he let the concubine interfere in the government affairs? "In this way, his grandson Jingzong successfully ascended the throne and respected Guo as the Empress Dowager. Jingzong was murdered in just over a year in power. For a time, the court was in chaos and the country was uneasy. At this critical juncture, the Empress Dowager Guo ordered Mu Zong's other son, King Jiang, ascended the throne as Wenzong, and this stabilized the political situation. Wenzong was also the grandson of the Guo family. He was a kind and filial man, and he served the Empress Dowager respectfully and courteously. He provided seasonal fruits and pearls from all directions. The treasures were first given to the Empress Dowager for tasting. Later, after Mu Zong's other son Wu Zong came to the throne, because the Empress Dowager was his grandmother and the Guo family was prosperous and noble, he respected the Guo family even more. She was extremely favored. Guo's husband, son and three grandsons all became emperors one after another, and she also enjoyed all the glory and wealth in the world.
However, Wu Zong believed in Taoism to the point of being obsessed with building the inner courtyard of the palace. He built a Taoist temple with the imperial title "Wangxian Temple". After he took the Taoist "elixir", his health became increasingly weak and he was unable to attend court. The eunuchs such as Lieutenant Zuo Shence and others began to fight for power again. He gathered close confidants in the palace and took the opportunity to seize power. He was also good at passing on edicts that the prince was too young to govern the country, so the emperor's uncle, King Li Chen, supervised the affairs of the country. Soon after, Wu Zong died, and Li Chen became the emperor. It was for Tang Xuanzong. In this way, Empress Dowager Guo, the grandmother of the three previous emperors, became the mother of the new emperor Xuanzong.
Xuanzong and Empress Dowager Guo were mother and son, so they should be more filial. However, Xuanzong was not only unfilial to Queen Mother Guo, but also very disrespectful. It turned out that Xuanzong's biological mother, Zheng from Danyang, had been Guo's maid, so that Zheng had the opportunity to get close to the emperor and work for Xianzong. Zong gave birth to a son, named Li Chen.
After Li Chen ascended the throne, Empress Dowager Zheng suffered many years of humiliation. Now that her son has become the emperor, she has become the empress dowager herself, so she sarcastically and sarcastically made rude remarks to Empress Dowager Guo. She also instigated Xuanzong to ignore Empress Dowager Guo. Therefore, Xuanzong was very cold and even rude to Empress Dowager Guo.
Empress Dowager Guo lived in Xingqing Palace for many years and was worshiped by Mu Zong, Jing Zong, Wenzong and Wuzong. Filial piety is respected by everyone, but now in her old age, she is looked down upon by others and her status has suddenly declined. Empress Dowager Guo felt very unhappy. One day, she went up to the Qinzheng Building to look out. The unhappy Empress Dowager suddenly jumped off the building. Fortunately, she jumped off the building behind her. The maid's quick eyesight and quick hands hugged her tightly, and this incident was immediately spread in the palace. Most people thought it was caused by Xuanzong's unfilial piety. The discussion reached Xuanzong's ears, and he hated Queen Mother Guo even more. That night, Empress Dowager Guo died suddenly.
However, there were conflicts over how to bury Empress Dowager Guo. Si Zunxuanzong wanted to bury Empress Dowager Guo in the Jingling Outer Garden of Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty. However, Taichang Guan Wang _ reported that the empress dowagers should be buried together in the attached temple. Because Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty had not ennobled the queen, Empress Guo was officially registered as a noble concubine and should be buried together according to the ceremony.
The king was not afraid and confident. He pointed at Prime Minister Bai Minzhong and spoke righteously: "The Empress Dowager is the granddaughter of Guo Ziyi, King of Fenyang. She was the concubine of the Yuan Dynasty when Xianzong was in the East Palace. She was the wife of Xianzong and lived through five dynasties. Her mother Yi Who in the world doesn't respect him?" Xuanzong still refused to listen to his advice and demoted Wang _ to the rank of magistrate of Jurong County. It was not until Xuanzong's son Yizong of Tang Dynasty ascended the throne that Wang _ was again appointed as the official of etiquette. He also reported to Yizong that the funeral ceremony of Queen Mother Guo was not in accordance with the etiquette system. Yizong accepted Wang_'s memorial, and Empress Dowager Guo was finally buried in Tang Xianzong
There are different opinions on why Empress Dowager Guo died. Some said she committed suicide by taking poison; others said she was poisoned to death.
Shang Yang’s descendants
As far as Shang Yang is concerned, his descendants were all executed by King Chu Huiwen. Among the nine clans implicated, no one in Shang Yang's family was left alive. There is an idiom called "If you practice it, you will die." This is Shang Yang. However, there are still descendants of the Shang surname. Shang Yang's original name was Gongsun Yang. After he came to Qin, Duke Xiao of Qin appointed Shang Yang to carry out reforms in Qin.
The results of the reform were deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. On the one hand, it strengthened the centralized rule of Qin Xiaogong. On the other hand, the reform put Qin on the road of making the country rich and the people strong. Duke Xiao of Qin named Gongsun Yang as Shang Yang and granted him a fief. Therefore, all the people in Shang Yang's fiefdom were Shang surnames.
The impact of Shang Yang’s reforms:
The impacts of Shang Yang’s reforms include: making Qin’s economy prosperous and its military strength stronger; Qin’s prosperity also allowed talents from all over the world to gather To Qin; Qin's military power became stronger and it also won major victories in foreign wars. Qin's territory continued to expand and became the most powerful country among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period.
Shang Yang’s reform encouraged farming, emphasized agriculture and suppressed commerce, which stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers and greatly improved the economic level of Qin. It also rewarded military merits and greatly enhanced the combat effectiveness of soldiers. Make the country richer and its military stronger.
Shang Yang’s two reforms can be said to be relatively successful. Reforms such as private land ownership, rewards for military merit, and unification of weights and measures made Qin’s farmers and soldiers highly motivated, and the country became As Qin became rich and powerful, talents from other countries gathered in Qin, which made Qin have more and more talents.