Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre (Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre), French entomologist, animal behaviorist, and writer is called the "Homer of the Insect World" by the world, and is also called by the French As the "Virgil of the Insect World". , was born in a farming family in Saint-Léon, Provence, southern France. In the following years, Fabre spent time at his grandparents' house in Maraval, not far from the village. At that time, as a young man, he was already attracted by the lovely insects such as butterflies and grasshoppers in the countryside.
In 1829, Fabre returned to Saint-Réne to start school, but that childhood period has always been deeply engraved in his heart.
In 1833, the Fabre family came to Rodez, and his father made a living by running a cafe.
In 1837, the family moved to Toulouse. Fabre entered the seminary in Toulouse, but dropped out midway and went out to make a living. He worked on the railway and sold lemons in the market. Later, he passed the selection examination for the Normal School of Avignon, received a scholarship, and after three years of study received a diploma from higher education. After graduation, Fabre, who was nineteen years old, began his teaching career in Cabentela, teaching the history of natural sciences.
In 1849, he was appointed physics teacher in Ajaccio, Corsica. The island's beautiful natural scenery and rich species ignited his passion for studying plants and animals. Le Guian, a botanist from Avignon, imparted his knowledge to him. After that, he followed Mokan Tangtong to collect flower and plant specimens. This knowledgeable and talented teacher laid a solid foundation for Fabre to later become a naturalist and embark on the path of scientific research.
In 1853, Fabre returned to mainland France, was employed at a school in Avignon, and moved his family into a simple house on Dyer Street in the Saint-Dominique neighborhood.
In 1857, he published "Observations on the Habits of the Arthroplasty". This paper corrected the erroneous views of Léon Dufour, the founder of entomology at the time, and thus won the honor of the French Academy. He was awarded the Experimental Physiology Prize. During this period, Fabre also devoted his energy to the research of the natural dye madder or alizarin. The red color on the French soldiers' military trousers at that time came from madder powder.
In 1860, Fabre obtained three patents for such research. Later, Fabre was invited by Victor Druid, the Minister of Education of the Republic of Korea, to be responsible for the organization and teaching of an adult night school, but his free teaching methods caused dissatisfaction among some people. So he quit his job and settled down with his family in Orange, where they stayed for more than ten years. During these more than ten years, Fabre completed the first volume of "Insects" which later became ten volumes. During this period, he went to Wandu Mountain many times with his friends to collect plant specimens. In addition, he also got acquainted with the British philosopher Mill, but Mill died young, so that the plan they had previously planned, the "Vaucluse Vegetation Grand View," died prematurely. At the same time, a great misfortune befell Fabre: he had six children. Among them, the only son Jules, who had the same interests as his father and loved observing nature, passed away at the age of sixteen. After that, Fabre dedicated several plants he discovered to Jules, who died young, to express his memory. The study of fungi has always been one of Fabre's hobbies.
In 1878, he wrote many wonderful academic articles on the theme of fungi in Vaucluse. He also studied the wild rice in great detail and described its aroma in detail. Gourmets claim that they can taste all the flavors he described from real wild rice.
In 1879, Fabre bought the deserted stone garden in Selignan and lived there until his death. This is a barren and barren land, but it is a land loved by insects. In addition to being a place for his family to live, it also has his study room, studio and experimental field, where he can quietly concentrate on thinking and devote himself wholeheartedly to his work. Through various observations and experiments, it can be said that this is the world he has always dreamed of. It was here that Fabre, while conducting observations and experiments, compiled the observation notes, experimental records and scientific notes he had spent studying insects in the first half of his life, and completed the last nine volumes of "Insects". Today, this former residence has become a museum, quietly located in the botanical garden with a rich Provence style.
Fabre persisted in self-study throughout his life, and successively obtained a bachelor's degree in business, a bachelor's degree in mathematics, a bachelor's degree in natural sciences, and a doctorate in natural sciences. He was proficient in Latin and Greek and loved the ancient Roman writer Horace and the poet Works of Virgil. He was also almost self-taught in painting and watercolor, and left many exquisite illustrations of fungi that were praised by Nobel Prize winner and French poet Frederic Mistral. In Fabre's later years, the success of "Insects" won him the reputation of "Homer of the Insects" and "Poet of Science", and his achievements were widely recognized by society. Although Fabre received many scientific titles, he remained as simple as ever, shy and humble, and lived a life of poverty. His talent was admired by literati and scholars at that time, including British biologist Darwin, 1911 Nobel Prize winner for literature - Belgian playwright Maeterlinck, German writer Junger, French philosopher Bergson, poet Ma Latin American and Provence writers Roumanier and others. Because "Insects" accurately recorded Fabre's experiments and revealed many secrets about insect life and living habits, Darwin called Fabre an "inimitable observer." When he lived in Selignan, many scholars and writers came to visit him. Fabre received scholars such as Pasteur and the British philosopher Mill in his residence, but his correspondence with them was not frequent. Victor Druid, Minister of Education of the Republic of China, recommended Fabre to Napoleon III, who awarded him the Order of Honor. The French politician Raymond Poincaré was passing through Selignan and made a special detour to pay his respects to the Stone Park. Fabre, who had multiple identities, wrote a wide variety of works: as a naturalist, he left many academic treatises on plants and animals, including "Madder: Patents and Treatises", "Animals of Avignon", "Wild Wilds", " "Toadstools on the Olive Trees", "Grape Phylloxera", etc.; as a teacher, he wrote many chemical physics textbooks; as a poet, he wrote many poems in Provence in southern France, and was affectionately called by the locals. He is a "gadfly poet". In addition, he also translated the works of some Provence poets into French; in his spare time, he also used his small harmonica to compose some ditties. However, the longest, most important, and most well-known of Fabre's works is still "Insects". This work not only demonstrates his talents in scientific observation and research and literary talent, but also conveys his humanistic spirit and incomparable love for life to readers.
Answer: Flourishing Flowers - Apprentice Magician Level 3 11-16 10:33
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Introduce what you know about Fabre and Insects
Answer: 291045175 - Assistant Level 2 11-20 18:29
"Insects" is an outstanding French entomology Fabre's masterpiece is also an immortal work. It is not only a literary masterpiece, but also a scientific encyclopedia. It combines the author's lifelong research results and life insights into one pot, using human nature to observe the nature of insects, and turning the insect world into a beautiful article for humans to gain knowledge, interest, beauty and ideas. This book is faithful to the overall style and expression features of the original French work. Based on the selection principle, readers around the world can appreciate the daily habits and descriptions of insects for the first time. It is a miracle that a person spends his whole life observing and studying "worms"; it is even more a miracle that a person writes ten volumes of "worms" in his life; and these writings about "worms" His book has actually been reprinted and translated into more than 50 languages. Even a hundred years later, it will cause a sensation in the reading world again and again, which is a miracle among miracles. The creator of these miracles is Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre, the author of "Insects". Fabre possesses "the thinking of a philosopher, the seeing of an artist, and the feelings and expressions of a writer." In this book, the author combines professional knowledge with life insights and talks about it. The words are filled with the author's respect and love for life. The publication of this book is regarded as the birth of animal psychology. "Insects" is not only a scientific masterpiece on the study of insects, but also a magnificent poem praising life. Fabre has also won the title of "Scientific Poet", "Insect Homer", "Virgil of the Insect World", etc. Laurel crown.
Human beings are not an isolated existence. All life on the earth, including "spiders", "wasps", "scorpions" and "weevils", are in the same closely connected system. Insects are also an integral part of the earth's biological chain. The missing link is that insect life should also be respected. "Insect Diary" is indeed a miracle. It is a music of life composed by Fabre, an outstanding representative of mankind, and insects, the numerous ordinary people in nature. It is a book that can never be deciphered. Such a miracle may provide us with more precious revelations at this critical moment when mankind is about to enter the new century and the earth is about to usher in the ecological era. Insect Diary is also called "Insect Story" and "Entomological Notes".
[Edit this paragraph] Theme of the work
"Insects" is not only filled with awe of life, but also contains a certain spirit. That spirit is truth-seeking, that is, pursuing truth and exploring the truth. This is the spirit of Fabre. Without that spirit, there would be no "Insects", and one fruit of wisdom would be missing from the tree of human spirit.
[Edit this paragraph] Influence of the work
Fabre wrote "Insects" with his brilliant pen, which is famous all over the world. This masterpiece has its place in the history of French natural science and literature. status, this masterpiece expresses the indescribable and amazing spirituality of insects in their struggle for survival. Fabre recorded most of the results and experiences of his lifelong research on insects in the form of prose. He observed in detail the life of insects and their struggle for survival and reproduction of the species. The blending of human nature makes the world of insects a literary form for humans to gain knowledge, interest, beauty and ideas. The topic of a mere insect is turned into a masterpiece with multi-layered meanings and all-round value. Such a work is unprecedented in the world. No entomologist has such a superb talent for literary expression, and no writer has such broad and profound entomological attainments. The author of "Insects" was hailed as "the founder of animal psychology" by the French and international academic circles at that time. In his later years, Fabre published the last few volumes of "Insects", which won him many readers not only in France, but also in European countries and all over the world. Literary circles honored him as the "Virgil of the Insect World", and French academic and literary circles recommended Fabre as a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature. It is a pity that this great poet who praised insects passed away before the Nobel Committee decided to award him this award.
"Insects" has been translated into many languages ??and published. He is known as the "Insect Poet", and a large number of his works have been translated and published in our country.
"Insects" is Fabre's lifelong time and energy to observe in detail the life of insects and their struggle for survival and reproduction of the species, and then recorded detailed and accurate notes based on his observations. Finally compiled into a book. "Insects" consists of ten volumes, each containing several chapters. Each chapter describes the life of one or several insects in detail and profoundly: spiders, bees, praying mantises, scorpions, and cicadas.
[Edit this paragraph] Introduction to the author
(For details, see the entry: Fabre)
December 22, 1823, Jean-Henri Cassie Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre, French entomologist, animal behaviorist, and writer. Born in a farming family in the village of Saint-Ren in Provence, France. In the following years, Fabre spent time at his grandparents' house in Maraval, not far from the village. At that time, as a young man, he was already attracted by the lovely insects such as butterflies and grasshoppers in the countryside.
In 1829, Fabre returned to Saint-Réne to start school, but that childhood period has always been deeply engraved in his heart.
In 1833, the Fabre family came to Rodez, and his father made a living by running a cafe.
In 1837, the family moved to Toulouse. Fabre entered the seminary in Toulouse, but dropped out midway and went out to make a living. He worked on the railway and sold lemons in the market. Later, he passed the selection examination for the Normal School of Avignon, received a scholarship, and after three years of study received a diploma from higher education. After graduation, Fabre, who was nineteen years old, began his teaching career in Cabentela, teaching the history of natural sciences.
In 1849, he was appointed physics teacher in Ajaccio, Corsica.
The island's beautiful natural scenery and rich species ignited his passion for studying plants and animals. Le Guian, a botanist from Avignon, imparted his knowledge to him. After that, he followed Mokan Tangtong to collect flower and plant specimens. This knowledgeable and talented teacher laid a solid foundation for Fabre to later become a naturalist and embark on the path of scientific research.
In 1853, Fabre returned to mainland France, was employed at a school in Avignon, and moved his family into a simple house on Dyer Street in the Saint-Dominique neighborhood.
In 1857, he published "Observations on the Habits of the Arthroplasty". This paper corrected the erroneous views of Léon Dufour, the founder of entomology at the time, and thus won the honor of the French Academy. He was awarded the Experimental Physiology Prize. During this period, Fabre also devoted his energy to the research of the natural dye madder or alizarin. The red color on the French soldiers' military trousers at that time came from madder powder.
In 1860, Fabre obtained three patents for such research. Later, Fabre was invited by Victor Druid, the Minister of Education of the Republic of Korea, to be responsible for the organization and teaching of an adult night school, but his free teaching methods caused dissatisfaction among some people. So he quit his job and settled down with his family in Orange, where they stayed for more than ten years. During these more than ten years, Fabre completed the first volume of "Insects" which later became ten volumes. During this period, he went to Wandu Mountain many times with his friends to collect plant specimens. In addition, he also got acquainted with the British philosopher Mill, but Mill died young, so that the plan they had previously planned, the "Vaucluse Vegetation Grand View," died prematurely. At the same time, a great misfortune befell Fabre: he had six children. Among them, the only son Jules, who had the same interests as his father and loved observing nature, passed away at the age of sixteen. After that, Fabre dedicated several plants he discovered to Jules, who died young, to express his memory. The study of fungi has always been one of Fabre's hobbies.
In 1878, he wrote many wonderful academic articles on the theme of fungi in Vaucluse. He also studied the wild rice in great detail and described its aroma in detail. Gourmets claim that they can taste all the flavors he described from real wild rice.
In 1879, Fabre bought the Barren Stone Garden [font color=#000000] in Selignan and lived there until his death. This is a barren and barren land, but it is a land loved by insects. In addition to being a place for his family to live, it also has his study room, studio and experimental field, where he can quietly concentrate on thinking and devote himself wholeheartedly to his work. Through various observations and experiments, it can be said that this is the world he has always dreamed of. It was here that Fabre, while conducting observations and experiments, compiled the observation notes, experimental records and scientific notes he had spent studying insects in the first half of his life, and completed the last nine volumes of "Insects". Today, this former residence has become a museum, quietly located in the botanical garden with a rich Provence style. [/font]
Fabre persisted in self-study throughout his life, and successively obtained a bachelor's degree in business, a bachelor's degree in mathematics, a bachelor's degree in natural sciences, and a doctorate in natural sciences. He was proficient in Latin and Greek and loved the ancient Roman writer Congratulations. The works of Lars and the poet Virgil. He was also almost self-taught in painting and watercolor, and left behind many exquisite illustrations of fungi that were praised by Nobel Prize winner and French poet Frederic Mistral. In Fabre's later years, the success of "Insects" won him the reputation of "Homer of the Insects" and "Poet of Science", and his achievements were widely recognized by society. Although Fabre received many scientific titles, he remained as simple as ever, shy and humble, and lived a life of poverty. His talent was admired by literati and scholars at that time, including British biologist Darwin, 1911 Nobel Prize winner for literature - Belgian playwright Maeterlinck, German writer Junger, French philosopher Bergson, poet Ma Latin American and Provence writers Roumanier and others. Because "Insects" accurately recorded Fabre's experiments and revealed many secrets about insect life and living habits, Darwin called Fabre an "inimitable observer." When he lived in Selignan, many scholars and writers came to visit him. Fabre received scholars such as Pasteur and the British philosopher Mill in his residence, but his correspondence with them was not frequent.
Victor Druid, Minister of Education of the Republic of China, recommended Fabre to Napoleon III, who awarded him the Order of Honor. French politician Raymond Poincaré was passing through Selignan and made a special detour to pay his respects to the Stone Park. Fabre, who had multiple identities, wrote a wide variety of works: as a naturalist, he left many academic treatises on plants and animals, including "Madder: Patents and Treatises", "Animals of Avignon", "Wild Wilds", " "Toadstools on the Olive Trees", "Grape Phylloxera", etc.; as a teacher, he wrote many chemical physics textbooks; as a poet, he wrote many poems in Provence in southern France, and was affectionately called by the locals. He is a "gadfly poet". In addition, he also translated the works of some Provence poets into French; in his spare time, he also used his small harmonica to compose some ditties. However, the longest, most important, and most well-known of Fabre's works is still "Insects". This work not only demonstrates his talents in scientific observation and research and literary talent, but also conveys his humanistic spirit and incomparable love for life to readers.
Answer: ★Heart in the Snow - Probation Level 11-20 20:06
Jean-Henri Fabre (1823-1915 ) was born in a village called Saint-Léon in southern France. Since his parents were both farmers, Fabre spent his teenage years in poverty and hardship. He studied very hard, but because he learned Latin and Greek quite well in middle school, he laid a solid foundation for his future writing.
In order to make a living, Fabre, who was only fourteen years old, went out to work. He once worked as a hard worker on the railway, worked as a lemon seller in the market, and often spent the night in the open air. However, despite being in trouble, Fabre did not give up his pursuit of knowledge and never stopped self-study. Finally, at the age of nineteen, he was admitted to Yaweinong Normal School and won a scholarship. In normal school, Fabre was much more interested in animals and plants in nature than in "grammar that kills humanity."
After graduating from school, Fabre became a primary school teacher. While working, he studied by himself and received bachelor's degrees in mathematics, physics and other disciplines. He believed that "learning does not matter whether someone teaches you. The most important thing is whether you have the understanding and perseverance." After that, he also worked in middle schools in Corsica, Avignon and other places. After becoming a middle school teacher, Fabre became more interested in insects. He often led and guided students to observe and study insects. The original text of "Insect World" is "Reminiscences of Entomological Research", and the subtitle is "Research on Insect Instincts and Customs". Fabre has been doing this for decades, getting up early and staying up late at night in the scorching sun and cold wind. , keep a magnifying glass and notebook in hand to observe and study the crystallization of insects.
Fabre had high literary attainments and was deeply influenced by Renaissance writers, especially Rabelais. It can be said that the French romantic poet Chateaubriand pioneered the description of giant scenery such as oceans, mountains, and forests in the field of literature, while Fabre used a simple and fresh style to vividly record various aspects of the insect world. The feeding habits, preferences, survival skills, natural enemies, transformation, and reproduction of various small creatures...
Fabre's description of insects is full of childlike innocence, poetry and humor. In his writing, pine chafers are "embellished in the twilight of summer, beautiful jewelry set on the sky of the summer solstice"; fireflies are "points of light escaping from the bright full moon"; he describes the carabid "fighting this Occupation is not conducive to the development of skills and talents... It has no other specialties except killing." In his eyes, rhinoceros dung is "selfless labor..., insisting on working underground, and devoting oneself to the future of the family." No wonder the famous French writer Victor Hugo praised Fabre as "the Homer of the insect world".
This famous work by Fabre has been translated into thirteen languages. For more than a hundred years, it has inspired several generations of young people to be interested in natural science and biology. The original text is in two volumes, with ten chapters. This book has selected and translated some of them. Among them, "spiders" and "scorpions" belong to the same phylum of Arthropods as Insecta. Fortunately, the author has explained it.
In Fabre's later years, the French literary community recommended him to the Nobel Prize for Literature judges many times, but without success. For this reason, many people published articles in newspapers or wrote letters to Fabre, complaining about his injustice. Fabre answered them: "I work because there is fun in it, not for the pursuit of honor.
You are aggrieved because I have been forgotten by the public, but actually, I don’t really care. ”