Tianshui City is the second largest city in Gansu Province, located in the southeast of Gansu. It has been a must-pass for the Silk Road since ancient times. The city spans two major river basins, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and the New Eurasian Continental Bridge traverses the entire territory. It currently governs five counties, Wushan, Gangu, Qin'an, Qingshui, and Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous Counties, and two districts, Qinzhou and Maiji, with a total population of 3.28 million. The territory has four distinct seasons, a pleasant climate, and rich products. It is known as the "Little Jiangnan" in the northwest.
"Tianshui" is the longest-used place name in local history. It first started in the third year of Yuanding reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (114 BC). Tianshui gets its name from the beautiful legend of "Tianhe fills with water". More than 3,000 years ago, the Tianshui area was densely populated, with adjacent houses, "beautiful mountains and rivers, and dense forests." However, at the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, long-term battles, fighting and successive years of drought turned the once prosperous and fertile Shangcheng into ruins, and the people were in dire straits. Legend has it that one night, just as people were falling asleep, suddenly the sky was roaring with strong winds, thunder and lightning, and with a golden light shining, a red light appeared on the ground. Suddenly, the ground shook continuously, and a large crack opened in the ground amidst the loud rumbling sounds. I saw the river water pouring down from the sky and pouring into the large gap, thus forming a lake, Tianshui Lake. The water level of this lake is stable, the water quality is pure, sweet and mellow, "it never dries up in spring, never overflows in summer, and the four seasons are graceful." At that time, people said that the lake was connected to the Tianhe River and called it "Tianshui Well". Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty heard this legend, and he ordered the new county to be built next to the lake in Shanggui North City and named it "Tianshui County." ". From then on, the name "Tianshui" came into being.
On August 3, 1949, Tianshui County was liberated. On August 15, the Tianshui District Administrative Supervision Area was established, with jurisdiction over Tianshui, Gangu, Wushan, Huizhou County, Liangdang, Tongwei, Qin'an and Qingshui counties. In December of the same year, Tianshui District was renamed Tianshui District.
In February 1950, Tianshui County was established as Tianshui City, with the urban area as its administrative area. On May 25, the Pingliang Prefecture separated Zhuanglang County and placed it under the Tianshui Prefecture; the Minxian Prefecture was abolished, and Longxi and Zhang counties were placed under the Tianshui Prefecture. The Tianshui Prefecture governs Tianshui City, Tianshui, Qin'an, Huixian, Liangdang, Wushan, and Zhang. There are 11 counties, including Gangu, Qingshui, Zhuanglang, Longxi and Tongwei, 81 district offices and 614 townships.
In 1952, Tianshui Prefecture governed 91 district offices and 635 townships. On October 6, Zhangjiachuan Autonomous Region was established (renamed county in October 1955). At the end of the same year, Tianshui Prefecture governed 1 city, 12 counties and 887 townships.
In January 1956, Longxi County and Tongwei Prefecture were established. The county was placed under the Dingxi Prefecture, Li County, Xihe, and Cheng County in the Wudu Prefecture were placed under the Tianshui Prefecture, and Zhuanglang County in the Tianshui Prefecture was placed under the Pingliang Prefecture. At the end of the same year, the Tianshui Prefecture governed Tianshui City, Tianshui, Qin'an, Li County, and There are 12 counties, Xihe, Chengxian, Huixian, Liangdang, Wushan, Zhangxian, Gangu, Qingshui, and Zhangjiachuan, 67 districts, 531 townships, 9 towns, and 9 sub-district offices.
On April 4, 1958, Liangdang was abolished and merged into Huixian. On April 8, Wudu Prefecture was abolished, and the five counties under its jurisdiction, Dangchang, Wenxian, Wudu, Kangxian and Minxian, were placed under the jurisdiction of Tianshui Prefecture. On the 5th, Xihe County and Li County were abolished and Xili County was merged. On December 16, Min County in the Tianshui Prefecture was merged into the Dingxi Prefecture. Tianshui County was abolished and placed under Tianshui City. Gangu County was abolished, Zhangxian County and Wushan were merged to form Wushan County. Zhangjiachuan County and Qingshui County were merged to form Qingshui Hui Autonomous County. In the same year, Tianshui became a people's commune. The special area governs Tianshui City and 8 counties of Qin'an, Qingshui, Wushan, Xili, Huicheng, Wudu, and Wen County.
On November 15, 1961, The Wudu Prefecture was restored. Wudu, Dangchang, Kangxian, Chengxian and Wenxian, which were originally assigned to the Tianshui Prefecture, were restored to the Wudu Prefecture on December 15. , Li County, Qingshui County and Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous County are included in Lintao Prefecture.
By the end of the year, Tianshui Prefecture has jurisdiction over Tianshui City and 10 counties including Tianshui, Xihe, Li County, Huixian, Liangdang, Wushan, Gangu, Qin'an, Qingshui, and Zhangjiachuan, 60 districts, 440 people's communes, and 4 subdistrict services. at.
On October 23, 1963, the Lintao Prefecture was revoked and its Zhang County was placed under the Tianshui Prefecture. Tianshui District governs 1 city, 11 counties, 482 people's communes, 3 towns, and 4 sub-district offices.
On October 1, 1969, Tianshui Special Zone was changed to Tianshui Prefecture, which governs 1 city, 11 counties, 223 people's communes, 5 towns, and 4 sub-district offices.
In 1980, Tianshui area governed 1 city, 11 counties, 232 communes, 5 towns, and 8 street offices. In 1983, the government and the commune were separated and the commune was renamed as a township.
On July 8, 1985, the Tianshui area was abolished and Tianshui City was promoted to a prefecture-level city. The four counties of Xihe, Lixian, Huixian and Liangdang, which originally belonged to the Tianshui area, were placed under the newly established Longnan area, and Zhang County was placed under the Dingxi area. Qincheng and Beidao 2 districts were newly established. Tianshui City governs 2 districts, Qincheng and Beidao, 5 counties, Qin'an, Qingshui, Gangu, Wushan, and Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous Counties, 138 townships, 11 towns, and 11 sub-district offices.
On May 30, 1992, Yuanyang Township in Wushan County was changed to Yuanyang Town.
On November 16, 1998, Ganquan Township in Beidao District was changed to Ganquan Town.
By the end of 2002, Tianshui City governed 2 districts, Qincheng and Beidao, 5 counties, Qin'an, Qingshui, Gangu, Wushan, and Zhangjiachuan Hui Autonomous Counties, 40 towns, 109 townships, and 11 sub-district offices.
With the approval of the State Council, starting from January 1, 2005, Qincheng and Beidao Districts were renamed Qinzhou District and Maiji District.
History and culture are in Tianshui, Mapao Spring is full of emerald green and flowing jade, sweet spring is more fragrant than milk, hot springs are like soup all year round, which can cure diseases and keep fit, Bodhisattva Spring with hanging bead curtains, and Bagua are refreshing and cold. Spring, Shenyu Spring where fish follow the spring, etc., are widely distributed and well-known. The water in these springs is sweet and lasts all year round. Drinking it for a long time can make people's skin white. The residents of Tianshui have fair and tender skin, so they are known as "Tianshui white babies".
Tianshui was established as a county in the Han Dynasty, and has been a military, county, and town successively. The area under its jurisdiction and its governance have changed many times. In 1913, Qinzhou (today's Shui) was abolished and Tianshui County was established, under the jurisdiction of Weichuan Road. In 1927, the National Army stationed in Longnan, abandoned the road, and changed it into the Tianshui Administrative Inspectorate. On August 3, 1949, Tianshui was liberated and Tianshui District was established. In 1950, Tianshui District was established.
Tianshui is also called Qinzhou. The name Qinzhou first began in the first year of Emperor Wen of Wei (220).
The origin of Qin comes from planting crops (i.e. Mao Gu). Long before the Western Zhou Dynasty, today's Tianshui River Valley Basin has fertile land, open terrain, green peaks, prosperous water, and luxuriant water and grass. It is a good place for herding horses and raising livestock. Boyi, the ancestor of the Qin people who lived here, was granted a land grant and the surname Ying by Shun because he raised horses for Shun and multiplied quickly. By the time of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Feizi, after Boyi, was praised by King Xiao for his contribution to raising horses for King Xiao of Zhou. King Xiao not only allowed him to inherit the "Ying" surname from Boyi during the Shun Dynasty, but also "confessed the land as a vassal, and the city of Qin (today's Qingshui and Zhangchuan areas)" was called "Qindi". This is the beginning of the Qin State in our country's history. lt;/pgt;
Tianshui is the birthplace of "Qin". Since the Three Kingdoms, there have been many places named with the word "Qin" in Tianshui, such as Qin'an, Qinling, Qinzhou, etc.
In the heyday of the Kaiyuan Dynasty of the Tang Dynasty, Qinzhou was an important town on the way from my country to Chang'an in the west. It was known as the "gathering place for thousands of years", so it became famous for a while. According to the "Biography of Tripitaka Master of Daci'en Temple", Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty went west to India to worship Buddha and obtain Buddhist scriptures. He once passed through Tianshui and "passed Qinzhou and stopped for one night." There are many legends about Tang Monk's Buddhist scriptures circulating in Tianshui to this day. In the fourth year after the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu resolutely abandoned his official position in order to avoid the turmoil. He took his family with him and crossed Longshan to Qinzhou.
He began to live in Dongke Valley, 50 miles southeast of Qinzhou City, which is now Liujiahe (formerly known as Zimei Village) in Bahuai Village, Jiezi Township, Beidao District, Today's City, and later moved to Qinzhou City.
Du Fu lived in Qinzhou for three months and wrote "Twenty Miscellaneous Poems of Qinzhou" and 12 poems about his journey from Long to Shu, which played an important role in his poetry creation throughout his life.
Tianshui also has an ancient name called "Chengji". The name Chengji was originally located in the Western Han Dynasty, but before the Song Dynasty it was only in Qin'an County, and it was moved to Tianshui in the Song Dynasty.
The name Cheng Ji is related to the legendary Fuxi clan. Tianshui is called "Dragon City" because it is the place where Fuxi, the ancestor of mankind, with the head of a human and the body of a dragon, was born, and is the hometown of dragons. "Hanshu Geography" also records that Tianshui County has Chengji County, so Tianshui is known as the "Hometown of Emperor Xi". According to relevant evidence, the Fuxi Temple in Xiguan, Tianshui City, was first built more than 700 years ago. The ceiling of the Nantian Hall in the temple is painted with complete 64 hexagrams and river diagrams, which is rare in other places. Fuxi is the ancestor of the Chinese nation. People in Tianshui always like to call Fuxi Temple the "Renzu Temple"
Tianshui is the birthplace of ancient Chinese culture and enjoys the honor of "the hometown of Emperor Xi". It is the descendant of dragons at home and abroad. There are many cultural monuments in the territory, and there are 169 national, provincial and municipal key protected cultural relics. Among them, the Dadiwan site contains a large number of early Neolithic and Yangshao cultural treasures, which is the only Tianshui Fuxi Temple in China with Fuxi statues. With carved beams and painted buildings and ancient cypresses, the Maijishan Grottoes, one of the four largest grottoes in China and known as the "Oriental Sculpture Hall", has a collection of more than 7,730 statues dating from the end of the 4th century AD to the 20th century. Xiangshan, Shuiliandong, Lhasao Temple, and Muti Temple all form the "Grotto Art Corridor" in the eastern section of the ancient Silk Road. At the same time, there are botanical gardens and fairy cliffs scattered for dozens of miles around Maiji Mountain. , Shimen, Jingtu Temple, Quxi and Jiezi Hot Spring Resort, together form the national forest park---Maijishan Scenic Area. The cultural landscape and natural beauty complement each other and attract countless tourists at home and abroad. /p>