The meanings of names include referential meaning, cultural meaning, spur meaning, inheritance meaning, generalization meaning and symbolic meaning.
1. Referential meaning:
A person's name is a specific name symbol given to each individual by human beings in order to distinguish individuals. It is a sign to distinguish individual differences among people through verbal information. It is a tool for people to express, communicate and spread information in social and cultural exchanges. Because of the name, human beings can communicate normally and orderly, so everyone has a name of their own. (1) There is not a complete one-to-one correspondence between the name and the alleged object, and a name can refer to several people, which belongs to the phenomenon of the same name. In real life, although the absolute number of homonyms is large, in a certain communication environment, the probability of homonyms is relatively small, which generally does not cause big misunderstandings; (2) The situation of more than one person is more complicated. For example, a person has a nickname, a scientific name, and a nickname is used when he was a child. If it is not for relatives and friends, most people will not know it when they grow up. There is no misunderstanding in this situation. Another example is that a person may have nicknames, such as Song Jiang's nickname Timely Rain, likui jy's nickname Black Cyclone, and Wu Yong's nickname Zhi Duo Xing. These names will not only confuse the name with the reality, but also deepen people's understanding of Song Jiang, likui jy and Wu Yong, making people unforgettable. But sometimes it will cause confusion. For example, Lu Xun has many pen names, some of which are Zhang Chenglu, Zhao Tuyi, An Zi Zhang, etc. The purpose of using them is to confuse people's eyes and avoid the eyes and ears of the Kuomintang book and newspaper prosecutors. (3) The object referred to by a person's name can not only be a person who actually exists in reality or history, but also refer to an imaginary person created by people's imagination. The Journey to the West created the mythical world, and also created the world of names of the Monkey King, Pig Bajie, Friar Sand and so on. The immortal artistic images of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu, Xue Baochai, Wang Xifeng and Granny Liu in A Dream of Red Mansions have also given their names a long-term vitality.
2. Cultural significance:
Name is one of the veins of Chinese famous culture, and it is a social and humanistic symbol based on blood inheritance. Names not only reflect the culture of Chinese nomology, but also reflect the culture of parents. The quality of a name can directly reflect parents' understanding of nomology, and parents with high cultural attainments will definitely give their children a meaningful name. Some names are linked by surnames, which breaks through the symbolic meaning of names and gives them a unique meaning. For example, "Biye", the surname "Biye" and "Ye", the name is even, and the meaning is "Green Yuan Ye". "Ma Shitu" means an old horse knows the way, "go round and round" means "go round and round" and "Lu Yao knows the horsepower". Some names are meaningful, or they are taken from ancient times, such as Wang Qiangli, Wang Chaowen, Bing Xin and Zhang Henshui. There is a kind of "looking forward to children", such as recruiting younger brothers, following younger brothers, loving younger brothers, leading younger brothers, and leading younger brothers (younger brothers are also called Di). During the Six Dynasties, Buddhism and Taoism prevailed, and many Buddhists liked to use Sanskrit for names or characters. Some of them were not Buddhists, but also liked to use Sanskrit for names. Buddhists used the words "monk, Buddha, haze, wisdom and purity" for names. According to Japan's Study on the Detailed History of the East, which is published in 6 issues in 3 volumes and 12 issues in 4 volumes, there are 122 people with the word "monk", 39 people with the word "tan" and 24 people with the word "Buddha" in the names of the Six Dynasties. The names of those who believe in Taoism are often "Tao, Zu, Xuan, Virtue and Spirit". Such as Li Daoyuan, Tan Daoji and Xiao Daocheng (Qi Gaozu). This naming method has always influenced future generations, such as Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, whose word Mojie is composed of the Sanskrit word "Vimojie" (meaning "no dirt"). In the Yuan Dynasty, Sanskrit was commonly used for names: Shami, Dharma, Siddhartha, Naluo, Xuba and so on. Reflects a religious and cultural color.
3. Significance of encouragement:
Although the name is a gift given to the child by parents, if the child's performance is not consistent with the name, it will definitely be criticized, so a good name will give the child the meaning of encouragement. If the parents imply that the child is open and aboveboard in the name, then the child should always whip himself to do things honestly, work hard and work hard.
4. Inheritance significance:
Names are the thoughts passed down by the elders of the famous owners, and they are also the memories of others' own logical thoughts. Many elders think that the family can only be passed down if they are crowned with the family name and use the family genealogy.
5. Generalized meaning:
In general, a person's name can only refer to an individual, but not to the intrinsic characteristics of the individual. However, sometimes due to the distinctive characteristics or great influence of individuals, the names of people also have the connotation characteristics of the alleged people, and the phenomenon that proper nouns are transformed into ordinary nouns has occurred.
6. Symbolic meaning:
The basic function of a person's name is reference, and the referential meaning is the core meaning of a person's name. Correspondingly, the inherent meaning of the language materials used in the names of people is gradually blurred and becomes a simple reference symbol. For example, "Gao" is an adjective, which means that the distance from the bottom to the top is large, but as a surname, Gao does not mean "large distance". "Bear" is a general term for animals in Xiong Ke, but when it is used as a surname, there is no necessary relationship between the surname and the meaning of "bear". The surname is the same, and the first name is the same. So meaningless auxiliary words can be named. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there is a phenomenon of adding a word "no" in the middle of names, such as Shen Buhai in Korea, Lv Buwei in Qin, disbelief in Korea in Jin, Ren Buqi in Chu and unfairness in Lu. Others use the word "zhi" between names. For example, in Zuo Zhuan, there is the power of candle and the push of intermediary; By the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the use of "Zhi" was even more prosperous. For example, the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi's family used "Zhi" for three generations, and Wang Xizhi's children had mysterious, condensed, emblematic, operated and offered it, while his grandchildren had vivid and quiet words. The notional words have a similar situation. I like to use "Lao", "Lao" and "Weng" in the names of the Song Dynasty, such as "Hu Tanglao", "Wang Guolao", "Meng Tanglao", "Wang Tinglao", "Liu Xixiao", "Xu Qinglao", "Liu Chenweng" and "Wang Jiweng". Therefore, the words used in the name should not be understood in a rational sense, otherwise it will make a joke.
Key points of naming:
1. Names must be matched with the innate numerology of individuals, so as to complement each other, which plays a leading role in the numerology track. However, this kind of numerology cooperation is by no means to count several Jin Mu fire, water and soil in the eight characters, and make up whatever is less or nothing. If it is so mechanically unified, the numerology will be too simple and the accuracy of numerology will be lost. Using this counting method to find out the names of Jin Mu's fire, water and soil is an opposition to numerology and a misinterpretation of numerology. You can learn the name in one hour with this method, but you can't learn the profound numerology without several years of hard work.
2. We don't make up what we lack in life, but what we use in life. Only in this special life-making energy field can you really have your own five elements. For example, a child with eight characters, Ding Chou, Bing Wu, Ding Wei, a famous old man, said that he was short of gold water in his life and should add gold water, so he called it "Golden Rain". The owner was not at ease, so he looked for someone who opened a famous museum. After reading it, this person said that there was a lot of water in his life, and there was no soil but excessive water. It was best to use the word "Jia" to make water from soil. The old man said to use golden water, which is easy to understand. He used the number of five lines. The man who opened the famous museum said that the water was so soilless that it didn't make sense. If you look closely, he used the five-element method. In the true sense of fate, both of them are wrong. A person who knows numerology can make it at a glance. This life is from a strong case and should be used with fire. For example, a successful boss opened a wood processing factory at the end of 1999 and asked a famous museum to be named "Golden Crown". His naming theory is that the wood is rich in gold (one water, three wood, two gold and one soil), and the gold should be strengthened. Unexpectedly, Geng Chen and Xin Si lost money in two years. This is his eight characters: Gui Mao Yi Mao Xin Wei Xin Mao analysis of his eight characters is to use wood, gold is a great taboo, and his eight characters see Geng Xin You Jin is a ruin. The use of the name of "Jinguan" undoubtedly aggravated the loss of the board factory.
Origin of names:
Names consist of surnames and surnames. In the pre-Qin period, surnames were different from surnames, surnames were unchanged, while surnames were constantly changing. In ancient times, it was the earliest matriarchal society. Because people didn't know much about physiological phenomena, they only knew that their mother didn't know their father. In order to resist the harsh environment, they lived together with tribes formed by children born from the same mother, and each tribe had a totem of worship, so they called themselves "a clan tribe" in combination with totems (there were no words at that time), and the surname was born. With the increase of population and the formation of division of labor and cooperation, people have an understanding of the physiological phenomena of men and women, and the advantages of men's physiological conditions make the dominant position gradually prominent, so there is a transition from matriarchal clan to paternal clan. At this time, the tribal leaders were elected, and in order to distinguish the children born to different fathers, the same-father group was formed according to the fathers. With the increase of surplus labor achievements, the distribution is biased towards tribal leaders or patriarchal groups with dominant population. These dominant groups gradually grow, and the weak are eliminated for a long time, gradually forming a patriarchal society with a single ancestor. According to the author's speculation, Suirenshi, Fu Xishi, Nuwa and Shennongshi in the "Three Emperors Period" were all in a transitional period, and the true patriarchal clan society was not established until the Yellow Emperor period. In the patriarchal society, characters were produced, and in order to show the difference, the "surname" of the offspring of the same father was gradually formed (at that time, it was called the surname, such as Shuowen: "The Yellow Emperor lived in Jishui, took Ji as his surname, and Zhou people inherited his surname." ）。 In ancient times, the famous eight surnames: Ji, Yao, Gui, Gui, Jiang, Gui, Gui and Gui, all came from the side of "female", indicating that this is a clan group handed down by some different female ancestors, which shows that surnames are the continuation and transformation of the surname. Then, with the increase of members, in order to pursue more means of production, clan tribes began to divide, and men of similar blood led them out to set up another tribe. In order to distinguish different groups of descendants with the same father, they were called "so-and-so", and the meaning of "so-and-so" changed. It was no longer a large-scale clan tribe with different surnames before, but a small tribe with the same surname, such as the "Five Emperors" in ancient times: Huangdi (with Xiongshi) and "Xiongshi". After the establishment of the feudal society in the Xia Dynasty, with the population increasing, surnames were divided more finely, especially in the Zhou Dynasty. As the Zhou Emperor enfeoffed a large number of princes, the princes were divided in detail according to the patriarchal clan system, so there were many branches under the same surname and clan, and each branch had different titles according to its ancestors, that is, "surname", so the surname began to increase rapidly to show the difference. Just as Zheng Qiao's "Tongzhi Clan Brief" in the Southern Song Dynasty said: "The surname is unified by the place where his ancestors took the exam; The surname is not divided by his descendants. " For example, Zhou is the surname of Ji. Later, the surname of Ji is divided into Montessori, Jishi, Sun Shi, Meng Sun Shi, Ji Sun and so on. Looking at the surnames in the Zhou Dynasty, surnames continued the tradition of ancient times and did not change, to show the inheritance of blood, but the surname kept changing. The surname is not only the inheritance of blood, but also a symbol of identity, and it also has the function of being different from others. Such as the noble, the famous, the cheap, and the famous. And according to the identity will also change, for example, Wu Zixu was originally Wu, after his murder, his son fled to Qi, and his status was not as good as before, so he changed to "Wang Sun". In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, with the collapse of the patriarchal clan system (the so-called "ritual collapse and bad music"), the old surname system was gradually chaotic, and surnames became more and more diversified, or ancestral surnames, or place names, occupations, official positions, residences, etc., were varied and very rich. For example, "Zuo Zhuan Zhao Gong Zhao Gong Three Years" records that the doctor of the State of Jin said: "The public of Jin is exhausted. When he hears about it, the office will be humble, and the branches and leaves of his clan will fall first, so the office will follow it. There are eleven clans in the clan of the scorpion, and only the sheep tongue is there. " YangTongGou, Ji surname, YangTongShi, name Gou, word uncle. It can be seen that the surname was already very complicated. After the reunification of the Qin Dynasty, surnames were gradually merged and unified. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zheng Qiao's "Tongzhi Clan Brief" stated, "Qin destroyed six countries, and all descendants were ordinary people, or took the country as their surname, or took the surname as their surname, or took the surname as their surname, and their surnames were lost. From this point on, surnames and surnames became one." . This tradition has been passed down to the present, and basically has not changed much from the Qin and Han Dynasties. After talking about surnames, we'll look at names. Surname is a symbol of personal family blood, which is shared with others; The name represents the individual's own symbol, which is exclusive to the individual; And the names and characters have different origins. In ancient times, people were born famous, but they didn't have words until they were adults. "Book of Rites Quli" records that "men are twenty, and they are crowned with words. Before the father, the child name; Before the monarch, my name. The woman promised to marry, and she was embarrassed. " That is to say, no matter whether men or women are adults, they only take words to show adults, and then people call them by their first names to show respect. However, in front of the father and the monarch, no matter who he calls himself or what he calls him, he can only call him by his first name but not by his respectful name. And the words of the ancients are not owned by everyone, but by people who have aristocratic status or have the opportunity to receive education. Because before the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, reading and literacy were not enjoyed by ordinary people, and ordinary people rarely had the opportunity to learn. It was not until Confucius "taught no class" that they had the opportunity to receive education. Since then, most people have their own characters in addition to their own names. When the ancients took names, there was a certain relationship between names and characters. Generally speaking, they set off each other, supplemented each other, explained each other, or explained them, or the opposite, or were the same, so "characters" were also called "ideograms". In addition to names, some literati and intellectuals also give themselves numbers to express their ideals, wishes or ambitions; There are also nicknames given by others, and some of them were called "posthumous title" after their death. Later generations used the number to address them for honorific purposes.