The surname Zhang is mainly derived from the surname Ji and the surnames changed by ethnic minorities. Zhang Hui is the ancestor of this surname. Historically, during the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Er was named King of Zhao by Liu Bang, and Zhang Er's seventeenth grandson Zhang Gui (255-314) established the Qianliang Kingdom.
1. Zhang Lihua (559-589), the concubine of Chen Shubao, the empress of the Southern Dynasty during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Zhang Lihua was born in a military strategist. She was smart, eloquent, and had a strong memory. Therefore, she was deeply loved by Empress Chen and gave birth to two sons for Empress Chen. In the third year of the Zhenming Dynasty (589), the Sui Dynasty destroyed the Chen Dynasty. Zhang Lihua was ordered to be executed by the Chief Shi Gaojun (one theory is that she was ordered to be executed by Yang Guang) because of "disasters that harmed the country".
2. Zhang Juzheng (1525-1582), named Shuda and Taiyue, was born in Jiangling in the Ming Dynasty. When Emperor Mu Zong entered the cabinet, he served as the chief assistant during the period of Shenzong. He comprehensively checked the names and facts, punished those who believed in rewards, rectified disciplines, and implemented a whip method. He served as prime minister for ten years and was known as the ruler at home. His posthumous title was Wenzhong. He is the author of Taiyue Collection, Emperor Jian Tu Shuo, etc.
3. Zhang Qian (about 164 BC - 114 BC)?, courtesy name Ziwen, was born in Chenggu, Hanzhong County (now Chenggu County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province). He was an outstanding diplomat and traveler in the Han Dynasty of China. Home, explorer, and pioneer of the Silk Road. My hometown is Bowang Village on the bank of the Han River, 2 kilometers south of Chenggu County, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province.
Zhang Qian is full of pioneering and adventurous spirit. In the second year of the founding of the Western Han Dynasty (139 BC), under the order of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he set out from Chang'an, the imperial capital of the Han Dynasty, with Gan Fu as a guide, and led more than a hundred people on an envoy to the Western Regions, opening up the north-south road from the Han Dynasty to the Western Regions, known as Hehe. The famous "Silk Road", Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty named him Bowang Hou for his military achievements. Sima Qian praised Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions as "opening the way", which means "opening the road".
Zhang Qian made two missions to the Western Regions, opening up land transportation between China and Central Asia, West Asia, South Asia and even Europe. From then on, the Chinese sold silk, silk, and silk to countries in the Western Regions and Central Asia through this channel. Tea, lacquerware and other products were produced, while gemstones, glassware and other products were introduced from Europe, West Asia and Central Asia. Zhang Qian is known as "the pioneer of the Silk Road" and "the first Chinese to open his eyes to see the world."
4. Zhang Xu (685? - 759?), also known as Bogao and Jiming, was born in Wuxian County, Suzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). He was a calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. He was good at cursive writing and liked drinking. He is known as "Zhang Dian" in the world, and is also known as "Dian Zhang Zuisu" together with Huai Su. Together with He Zhizhang, Zhang Ruoxu and Bao Rong, he is also known as the "Four Scholars in Wuzhong". Together with He Zhizhang and others, he is also known as the "Eight Immortals in Drinking". His cursive script is similar to that of "Zhang Dian". Li Bai's poems and Pei Min's sword dance are known as the "Three Wonders".
Zhang Xu was born in a family with a high status. He once learned calligraphy from his uncle Lu Yanyuan. After he became successful, he was admired by Wu Daozi, Yan Zhenqing and others. When he was older, he entered through application, recommendation, and recruitment. Official, he was released as Changshu County Lieutenant; he successively served as the chief historian of Zuolifu and the chief historian of Jinwu, so he was called "Zhang Changshi" by the world; he died in about the second year of Qianyuan (759) at the age of about seventy-five. .
5. Zhang Tingyu (1672-1755), named Hengchen and Yanzhai, was born in Tongcheng, Anhui. The second son of Zhang Ying, a bachelor. In the 39th year of Kangxi (1700), he was promoted to Jinshi, changed to Shujishi, awarded the title of Review, and entered the South Study Room.