In the Pacific Northwest where typhoons occurred, due to the large number of coastal countries, before the emergence of international unified naming rules, each country had its own set of typhoon naming methods, which led to some confusion.
For example, the Japanese numbered the typhoon sequence entering the east longitude/KOOC-0/80 degrees and north of the equator, while the China Meteorological Bureau numbered it with four codes according to the region and occurrence time, with the first two digits being the year and the last two digits being the serial number, such as typhoon 97/KOOC-0/0, namely/KOOC-0/997/KOOC-0/0; America is named after a traditional name.
In response, the Typhoon Committee under the World Meteorological Organization held a meeting in 1997 and decided to adopt a new unified nomenclature for tropical cyclones generated in the northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea from 2000.
The new naming method is to make a naming table in advance and then reuse it year after year in sequence. The naming table * * * has 140 names, which are provided by 14 member countries and regions in the Asia-Pacific region of the World Meteorological Organization, and each country or region provides 10 names.
These 65,438+040 names are divided into 65,438+00 groups, and 65,438+04 names in each group are arranged in alphabetical order according to the English names of member countries, which are recycled in turn, that is, the tropical cyclone nomenclature table of the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea. At the same time, the original number of tropical cyclones remains unchanged.
The characteristics are: each name is no more than 9 letters, easy to pronounce, and has no bad meaning in each member's language; Will not bring any difficulties to members; It is not the name of a commercial organization, and the name chosen should be recognized by all members. If any member objects, the name cannot be used as the name of the typhoon.
According to the regulations, a tropical cyclone's name will remain unchanged throughout its life cycle, whether it is strengthened or weakened. For example, tropical storm 0704, severe tropical storm and typhoon are all called Manyi in English and Manyi in Chinese.
In order to avoid unnecessary confusion caused by multiple translators, the Central Meteorological Observatory in China, the Hong Kong Observatory in China and the Geophysical and Meteorological Observatory in Macau, China decided on a set of unified Chinese translation names through consultation. Most of these names come from well-known legends of countries and regions.
The names provided by China are: Dragon King (deleted), Jade Rabbit (deleted), Ginkgo, Fengshen, Rhododendron, Hippocampus (deleted), Wukong, Haiyan (deleted), Poseidon, Dian Mu and Haitang.
Under normal circumstances, the pre-made naming list is recycled year after year in sequence, but under special circumstances, the naming list will also be adjusted. For example, when a typhoon causes particularly serious disasters or casualties and becomes notorious, it becomes a well-known typhoon.
In order to prevent it from having the same name as other typhoons, members of the Typhoon Committee may apply to delete the name used from the name list, that is, the name will be given to the tropical cyclone forever, and other tropical cyclones will no longer use the name.
From June 5438+1 October1in 2000, when the China Central Meteorological Observatory issued the tropical cyclone warning, it used not only the tropical cyclone number, but also the tropical cyclone name. Previously, China has been using tropical cyclone numbering method.
Rename principle:
Typhoons are usually named after "moderate", and it is hoped that the losses caused by typhoons will be less. However, the World Typhoon Committee has a regulation that once a typhoon is notorious, causing particularly serious loss of life and property or casualties, or retiring because of its name, it will permanently occupy this name and it will be deleted from the name list.
Other tropical cyclones no longer use this name, which means giving this tropical cyclone a name forever. This is delisting. In this way, you need to add a new name to the naming table.
The vacant name shall be re-recommended by the original provider country or region, and the new name shall be submitted to the Typhoon Committee before the second year, and the Typhoon Committee shall supplement the tropical cyclone name according to the proposal of relevant members.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Typhoon