We all know that the first character in our names is our surname, but did you know that "surname" originated from matrilineal society, when everyone only knew their mother? I don't know my father, so my last name always has the character "女" next to it or the character "女" at the bottom. A surname is a specific symbol of a person's tribe, and most of our current surnames in China evolved from this. Then you must not know how to pronounce the eight ancient surnames, right? Let's talk about surnames.
Eight major surnames in ancient times:
According to records, there were eight major surnames in ancient times, namely: Ji, Jiang, Yao, Ying, Si, Gui, Gui, and Ji. (Another one says: Ji, Jiang, Yao, Ying, Si, Gui, Gui, and pregnant). Later, due to changes in the social system, surnames became more numerous, and many tribes used their tribal totems as their surnames. During the Zhou Dynasty, after the Emperor of Zhou divided the vassal states, many nobles changed their surnames to commemorate their fiefdoms, and thus evolved into more surnames. It can be said that most of the surnames in China today evolved from these eight surnames. How do you pronounce the eight major surnames in ancient times? Can you pronounce these surnames?
1. "Ji" surname:
The surname Ji is one of the eight major surnames in ancient China and belongs to the Yellow Emperor The surname is the surname of the Zhou Dynasty and the vassal states of Wu, Lu, Yan, Wei, Jin, Zheng, Wei, Korea, etc. The ancestor of the surname is Huangdi, the first humanistic ancestor of the Chinese nation. Because he lived in Jishui for a long time, he took Ji as his surname.
The surname Ji is ranked 297th in "Hundred Family Surnames", with a population of more than 540,000. The surname Ji directly derives the surnames Zhou, Wu, Zheng, Lu, Wei, Yang, and Cai 411 surnames, including surname Han, surname Huo, surname Guan, surname Mao, surname Cao, surname Wei, surname Bi, surname Jiang, etc. account for 82 of the total 504 surnames in "Hundred Family Surnames". The surnames derived from these 411 surnames There are countless others, and the Ji surname is truly the "ancestor of all surnames".
2. The surname "Jiang":
The surname Jiang originated from the Shennong family. Emperor Yan was born in Jiangshui. Because his surname was Jiang because of the water, his grandson Jiangzi was granted the title of Qi at the beginning of the period. , in the middle of the Warring States Period, it was destroyed by the Tian family, and its descendants were scattered. Some of them took the name of the country as the Qi family, or took the surname as the Jiang family. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the great clans of the Guandong surname moved westward to enrich Guanzhong, and later formed a famous county in Tianshui. Today, the surname Jiang is widely distributed in China, North Korea, South Korea, the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia and other countries.
The Jiang surname ranks 32nd in the "Hundred Family Surnames" and 60th in the country in 2007, accounting for about 0.34 of the country's Han population. According to research, from the first generation of Qi King Jiang Taigong to the present, there are 102 surnames in the country derived from the Jiang surname, including 64 single surnames such as Lu, Xu, Xie, Ji, Qiu, Lu, and Chunyu, Dongguo There are 38 compound surnames such as , Gaotang, Ziya, Yongmen, and Niu Niu.
3. "Yao" surname:
The surname Yao originated from the matrilineal clan society more than 2,000 BC and has been around for nearly 5,000 years. It is one of the four ancient surnames in China. .
The surname Yao comes from Yu Shun, one of the Five Emperors. Shun (with Yu surname, named Chonghua) was born in Yao Xu, and his descendants took the place as their surname and were called Yao.
The distribution of the surname Yao in the country is now mainly concentrated in the four provinces of Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangdong, and Jiangsu. It ranked 101st in the Song Dynasty version of "One Hundred Surnames" and ranked 101st in China's 2007 Hundred Surnames. 51 bits.
4. The surname "Ying":
The surname Ying takes the black bird as its totem. The fourteenth surname Ying mainly includes the current Lian, Xu, Jiang, Qin, Zhao, Huang, Liang, Ma, Ge, Gu, Miao, Zhong, Fei, Qu, etc. The surname Ying takes the black bird as its totem.
5. "Si" surname:
The "Si" surname later evolved into: still, Dou, Wulu, Hedouling, Du, Xiahou Family, Hou family, Qi family, Ti family, Lou family, Xi family, Lou family, Liu family, Bei family, Yongqiu family, Yuli family, Sun family, Quai family, etc. Some of the surnames have disappeared today.
6. The surname "妘":
The surname "妘" later evolved into: Yan, Hao, Lu, Biyang, Juan, Ji, Dong, Peng, Tu, and Juan , Cao, Zhen, Mi and other surnames.
7. The surname "妫":
It is said that this surname is derived from the surname Feng.
The surname "Gui" later evolved into several major surnames in China today: Xue, Chen, Hu, Yuan, Tian, ??Qi, Wang, Sun and other surnames.
8. The surname "姞":
The surname "姞" later evolved into the current: Ji, Yong, Yan, E, Mi, Xu, Kan, Yan, Guang, The surnames include Yang, Yang, Kong, Yin, Cai, Lu, Yun, Duan, Dun, Bi, Zhi, and although.
9. "Pregnant" surname:
The "pregnant" surname is one of the second sayings, which later evolved into the current: Ren, Ren, Xi, Ji, Xue, Surnames include Shu, Zhong, Zu, Qie, Xie, She, Zhong, Tong, Xiu, Zhang, Lu, Bi, Luo, etc.
Although you may have heard of a book about surnames like "One Hundred Surnames" since you were a child, many of our surnames are actually derived from the eight major surnames in ancient times. After reading the above content, do you still not know enough about how to pronounce the eight major surnames in ancient times? We may not even have seen some surnames, but they did exist in ancient times. Are you also shocked by our ancient culture? What?
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