Writing in the lower grade of primary school is mainly looking at pictures, which is a transitional period from literacy teaching to composition teaching, and it is also a transitional period for third grade students to lay the foundation for writing.
Therefore, it is very important to improve primary school students' reading and writing skills. 1, according to the scene to stimulate fun children have a competitive side, a reasonable choice of pictures, create a variety of relaxed and happy forms of competition, can stimulate children's "emotional zone", stimulate their thinking, so that children like to say, happy and say, competing to say, scrambling to say.
In this way, children can devote themselves to reading pictures and writing words in interesting situations, and get fully active and say what they want to say, which will definitely get twice the result with half the effort. 2, carefully observe the picture Before writing, students should first guide students to observe the picture and see the people or things in it.
Secondly, teach students observation methods, guide students to observe the details of the picture carefully, and make clear the meaning of the picture, for example, do you know what season it is, children? What's on the picture? Where are they? What is the connection between them? According to the existing "person" or "thing" analysis diagram, what is reflected in the diagram? Let the students understand the ideological connotation embodied in the picture. Follow the key observation and distinguish between primary and secondary.
what is the main content of a picture? Guide students to observe pictures in depth and in detail through phenomena. Determine the key points of reading pictures and writing words, speak around this key point, and encourage them to express their true feelings. Teachers should carry out ideological education in a timely manner.
3. Reasonably imagine that the pictures of reading and writing are static people or things, and they are monotonous. Students should be encouraged to reasonably imagine through appropriate questions, so as to make the static pictures move and live as much as possible and enrich the monotonous pictures. If you are writing multiple pictures, you can think of several pictures back and forth from one picture, and several actions back and forth from one action.
If it is a picture, it is necessary to grasp an imaginary point, a scene, an object and every move, let students freely imagine and let the childlike innocence bloom freely, and boldly create a story by using the good words and sentences accumulated at ordinary times, so as to turn reading pictures and writing words into a unique story. 4. It is also helpful to improve children's writing ability to show them some model essays that look at pictures and write words.
Reading pictures and writing in lower grades can be carried out as a theme, but I think its training is not isolated, and it needs training and accumulation at ordinary times. For example, let children be caring people, observe things around them carefully, read more books, accumulate good words and sentences, answer questions completely, use the content of the text to reasonably imagine and boldly expand the story, and practice writing and communication frequently.
I believe that under the correct guidance and encouragement of the teacher, let the students read carefully, think boldly, speak methodically, and then write carefully, the children's compositions will surely flourish. 2. How to write a composition by looking at pictures
Writing by looking at pictures is an exercise to describe the content of a picture or a group of pictures provided. It is not only the best training for our writing starting point, but also a good exercise in the process of composition growth. However, in the face of looking at the picture composition, many students are at a loss, scratching their heads and not knowing how to write it well. Today, I will discuss this issue with you.
a good picture or a group of pictures is created by the author's repeated observation and analysis of life, and then the picture that best reflects the theme is selected and conceived. Therefore, to practice composition by looking at pictures, we must observe carefully and carefully, so as to write concretely and grasp the key points, and to express the central idea in the pictures accurately.
Look at the picture and write a composition, which means looking at the picture first and then writing. Picture composition is generally divided into single composition and multi-picture composition. No matter what kind of composition you write with pictures, you need to go through several stages:
1. Observe and analyze pictures
Pictures are the basis of composition, so you should first read the contents of pictures clearly. What people, what time, what place and the relationship between the characters are painted on the screen, we must make it clear and not miss a detail. The methods of observation are generally from top to bottom or from left to right, from people to things or from scenery to people. Observe orderly, and the articles written can be organized; Careful observation can reveal vivid plots and moving details; Observation is comprehensive, and the written article can be complete; Distinguish between primary and secondary, and the articles written can be focused and detailed properly. Especially for the composition with multiple pictures, it is more necessary to see the order of the pictures and understand the direct relationship of each picture, so as to lay a good foundation for further conceptual writing.
When you look at a picture composition, the meaning of painting is the orientation of thinking. If you grasp the meaning of painting correctly, your thinking will not deviate. The design and layout of each painting has a certain purpose. After observing the picture, we should seriously consider the central idea reflected in the picture. To infer the central idea of the picture, we should start from three aspects: first, look at the title of the picture, and some titles are the theme of the picture; The second is to look at it from the text description of the picture; The third is to analyze the people and things described in the picture and their relationships. Only by grasping the center can the written article meet the requirements of composition with pictures.
Second, develop a reasonable imagination
Imagination is the core of composition with pictures, and this imagination should be closely around the meaning of painting. We should use our brains and expand our reasonable imagination to "live" those still figures and scenes on the picture. We can conceive the plot according to the facts of life and our own experience, we can imagine ourselves as the protagonist in the painting, and we can arrange the scenes in the picture into real life. Therefore, the characters on the screen not only have appearance and manner, but also have actions, language and psychological activities, so that the scenery on the screen has color and sound, and appropriate names can be arranged for the characters as needed to enhance the vividness of the article.
Third, choose the point, conception and writing
Choosing the point is to choose the angle. After reviewing the topic and looking at the painting, you should then determine the focus of thinking according to the meaning of the painting. Choose a point accurately, and don't leave the meaning of painting. It's best to choose only one point, which will sometimes affect the writing. Intention is to establish the central idea and formulate the topic. Because of the different starting points (angles), the ideas will not be exactly the same, but no matter what central content you choose to write, you can't leave the basic meaning of the picture, and you must conform to the main idea of the picture. According to the meaning of writing, that is to say, we should conceive, plan and write according to the title and picture. When you start writing, you must contact the picture and deepen the topic. We should prevent Wan Li from drifting away from the picture, and we should also prevent him from being unimaginative. It is reasonable to concentrate on reasoning, avoid being widely dispersed, and prevent being constrained by the picture, so that the ideas cannot be displayed.
In addition, the language of the picture composition should be lively, and various expressions such as narration, description, lyricism, discussion and explanation can be used to connect the people, objects and scenes in the picture into a whole, so as to become a good article with complete structure, accurate and vivid language and prominent center. 3. Look at how to write a picture composition well. < P > First, be good at conception.
the "meaning" of prose exists in the deep living soil and the vast ocean of life. To get it, we must rely on our in-depth observation, feeling and understanding of life.
Therefore, as long as the prose is based on the reality of life, with distinct feelings, sharp observation ability, pulse with the people's contemporaries, deep feelings, rich imagination and deep thinking, we will feel that our life is full of poetry. This poetry is what touches our hearts, makes our eyes suddenly enlightened, suddenly sublimates our thoughts, and purifies our feelings, which is the inspiration of poetry.
if we want to make a point of our own prose, we must catch it quickly. Because there is a tremor of the heart and a flash of thought.
Liu Baiyu said, "Even a faint sparkle is better than no sparkle. This is not ordinary photography. This is literature." (Preface to Morning Sun) For example, a writer went to see camellias. There were many kinds of them, and the beautiful camellias made him think: "Camellia is beautiful.
Everything that is beautiful in life is created by labor. Who poured flowers with his own sweat day and night, and raised flower seedlings like his own children, and finally cultivated such beautiful flowers? We should thank those who beautify our lives. "
This is the brilliance of thoughts. The writer cherishes it very much, so he writes it down in time. Later, he heard a gardener introduce a kind of camellia and said, "It's called Boy's Noodle. It blooms late, just opened the bone flower, and the color is deep red, but it looks the best."
It didn't cause thinking, but he remembered the name of this camellia. After a while, it happened that a group of children also came to see camellia, which attracted the writer's attention. He saw the children with their bright red faces upturned, smiling sweetly, chirping endlessly, and his heart suddenly trembled, and he could not help but blurt out, "The boy's noodle tea is blooming."
But the gardener realized this and said, "Really, there is no more beautiful camellia than this kind of boy's face." This made an idea suddenly jump out of his mind. He said, "I got the idea of a painting.
If you draw a big boy-faced camellia with the strongest and brightest vermilion, wouldn't it symbolize the face of the motherland? " Therefore, the writer wrote the feelings and thoughts caused by watching Camellia into an essay "Camellia Fu". This writer is Yang Shuo.
By reading, readers and commentators can realize the writer's intention in writing this article: to praise the flowery motherland and the working people who beautify the motherland. Second, being good at conceiving is a process in which the writer processes and refines the life materials from the rough to the fine, from the false to the true, from the outside to the inside.
The writer should seek the perfect artistic form for the ideological content of prose in his conception, so as to achieve a harmonious unity of ideology and artistry. Therefore, the conception should solve the problems of conception, selection of materials, creation of artistic conception, determination of genre, basic techniques and layout.
Here, I will focus on three issues: determining genre, finding clues and creating artistic conception. First, determine the genre.
the genre of prose is flexible and diverse. We have a good meaning (thought) and have chosen the materials to express this meaning (thought), so we should consider: whether to write in an epistle or in a diary? Is it written as an essay or as an occasional feeling? Is it a travel book or a memoir? Is it written as a preface or postscript, or is it written as a review? The principle of determining specific genre is that content determines form, and form serves content.
For example, after traveling to Suzhou, if you feel you need to report your travels and impressions to your parents, you can write a letter. When you meet some people or things that move you during your play, you can write essays and ramble; After visiting Tiger Hill, Lion Grove, Hanshan Temple, Xiyuan and Liuyuan, you find the clock in Hanshan Temple particularly attractive and arouse your reverie, so you can write a lyrical article as poetic as "Lyric at the Country Altar". If you are revisiting the old place, eating some local products in Suzhou and remembering the past, you can focus on memories and write a reminiscence-style prose like Memories of Xiaomi ... In short, the form of expression-specific genre should be determined according to the content of conception. Second, look for clues.
Prose materials should be scattered. Each material is a pearl, but these pearls are intrinsically related to each other. We writers should find a thread, use a pen as a needle, and wear these scattered pearls into a series of dazzling beads and necklaces. So, what can be used as a clue? One is emotional clues.
When our feelings change in life, such as from disgust to love, or from love to disgust, we can use this emotional clue to connect some seemingly unrelated materials. For example, when Yang Shuo wrote "Litchi Honey", he used emotional clues to connect childhood memories, convalescence from Conghua, litchi Woods, Su Shi's poems, love to taste honey, visit bee farms, praise honey bees, farmers' labor and dream bees at night.
the second is the clue of things. For example, Cao Jinghua felt in his daily life that today we still need to carry forward the hard struggle spirit of "millet with guns" in Yan 'an period, so he collected the past events about Xiaomi in his memory and used Xiaomi to combine the events that took place in different places, at different times and under different circumstances.
Many essays that support objects and chant ambitions are also based on objects, such as Bing Xin's Praise of Cherry Blossoms. The third is the character clue.
If you write about a person's activities at different times and places, you can use this person as a clue, or you can use another person to connect things at different times, different places, different people and different contents. This character can also be the writer himself-"I".
the fourth is the clue of thoughts. For example, when faced with a certain thing or scene, I meditate and daydream, "I tend to swim in Wan Ren", "I look at the past and the present in an instant, and I caress the whole world in an instant", "I cage heaven and earth in the form and frustrate everything in the pen".
through association and imagination, the relevant materials can be organized together to express the original theme. Such as Qin Mu's Land, Yang Shuo's Sea City and Jia Pingwa's Ugly Stone.
the fifth is the scenery clue. "All the scenery words are sentimental words".
through the description of scenery, the writer's thoughts and feelings are integrated into the scenery. Such as Scenery of Tianshan Mountain and Scenery of West Lake.
the sixth is the action clue. For example, travel notes take the travel trail as a clue.
Liu Baiyu wrote Three Days on the Yangtze River. 4. How to write a good comic composition
To write a good comic composition, you must first understand comics, then think carefully and write your own understanding and feelings. Of course, you can also create a story with the help of comics. How can I write this exercise well? Let me give you some advice for the students.
First, carefully observe
The picture above (there must be bugs in this piece of wood) comes from the exercise in Unit 4, Grade 6 (Part 1) of People's Education Press. Looking at this picture, what do you see? In a big forest, the trunks of trees are thick and luxuriant, which is the environment where things happen. A middle-aged man with a cigarette in his mouth was chopping at the roots of trees with a sharp axe, and there was an obvious gap in the roots of trees. The middle-aged man's head is like a slender piece of wood, and the woodpecker stands on the man's shoulder, pecking, pecking … Why? Because there are "bugs" in men's heads.
second, be good at imagining
The picture is still. If you want to write this picture concretely, you must be good at imagining. Based on the picture you see, imagine what the previous picture of this picture will be like, and then imagine what the next picture of this picture will be like. Connect them together to form a dynamic story, so that the story is complete and the content of the exercise will be enriched.
imagine, make the picture move. Imagine the words and deeds of characters and the changes of trees; Imagine the look of the tree cutter and the look of the trees, which will form a sharp contrast and shock the readers' hearts. Imagine what the trees are accusing ... Imagine why the birds came here, what is the bird's heart, and what are its movements, language and demeanor.