Shanghai has five famous gardens: Shanghai Yu Garden, Jiading Qiuxia Garden, Nanxiang Ancient Ripple Garden, Songjiang Zuibai Pond, and Qingpu Qushui Garden.
Guyi Garden: No. 218 Huyi Road, Nanxiang Town, Jiading District (one of the five famous gardens in Shanghai)
Guyi Garden was a Minshi residence in Henan during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. ’s private garden, formerly known as Qiyuan. The designer of the ancient garden is Zhu Sansong, a famous bamboo carving artist in Jiading. Later it was owned by Li Yizhi, nephew of Li Liufang, a member of the Wanli Juren family. In the 11th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1746), after Ye Jin, a native of Dongting Mountain, purchased it, he built a large number of pavilions and pavilions, expanded the foundation of the garden, and changed its name to Guyi Garden. In the 53rd year of Qianlong's reign, local scholars raised funds to buy the garden as the Chenghuang Temple Cemetery. In the 11th year of Jiaqing (AD 1806), funds were raised for renovation. During the Tongzhi and Guangxu years, it was also used as a place for worshiping gods and meeting places for local trades. Tea shops and restaurants were added to the garden, and the garden base was expanded to 27 acres. Today, Guyi Garden, which has a history of more than 400 years, is full of green bamboos, pavilions, winding paths and corridors, rockeries, ponds, exotic trees and famous flowers, and the scenery is extremely beautiful. There are also two sutra buildings in the garden, which have a history of more than a thousand years.
Nanxiang Brick Pagoda: After exiting the main entrance of Guyi Garden, turn right and go straight. There is a small bridge under the bridge. I have been there. It is quite ancient and has not been repaired. There is a small bridge next to the twin towers. The temple is Nanxiang Temple.
The Nanxiang Five Dynasties Brick Pagoda was built from the Five Dynasties to the early Northern Song Dynasty. It was originally erected inside the gate of Baihe Nanxiang Temple. It was listed as a municipal cultural relic protection unit in 1980. In 1985, it was renovated and restored to its original appearance. The flame-shaped pot door, simple mullion windows, exquisite brackets, delicate railings and graceful pagoda brakes on the tower body are well-proportioned and lifelike, showing the typical architectural style of the Tang and Song Dynasties.
Jiading Qiuxia Garden
Qiuxia Garden is located on East Street, Jiading Town, Jiading District, Shanghai. It is a Ming Dynasty garden with a unique style. The garden was merged with the City God's Temple and is one of the five classical gardens in Shanghai.
Qiuxia Garden was built in the Zhengde and Jiajing years (1506-1566 AD). It was the private garden of Gong Hong, the minister of the Ministry of Industry at that time. There are Songfengling Ridge, Bird Chat Embankment and Hanxiang Room in the garden. , Shuyuzhai, Peach Blossom Pond, Sprinkling Snow Gallery and other scenic spots. In the early Qing Dynasty, the descendants of the Gong family declined, and the garden returned to the surname Wang, and was originally named Qiuxia Garden. In the fourth year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty (1726 AD), it was transferred to the City God Temple. During the Qianlong period, it was merged with the adjacent Shen's East Courtyard to the east and rebuilt into the back garden of the City God Temple. It was destroyed many times after that, and most of the existing buildings were rebuilt after the first year of Tongzhi (AD 1862). Most of the buildings in the garden were built in the Ming Dynasty, while the City God Temple can be traced back to the Song Dynasty, making it the oldest garden in Shanghai.
Qiuxia Garden is centered on a clear water pond, surrounded by stone mountains, towering ancient trees, and has unique gardening art. It is divided into four scenic spots: Peach Blossom Pond, Ningxia Pavilion, Qingjing Hall, and Yi Temple. The Chishang Thatched Cottage in the Peach Blossom Pond Scenic Area is praised as "the silence in the hall lasts for a long time, which is better than the West Lake that is ten miles long". A couplet in the south of the hall: "The spring light is early on the pond, the beautiful sun is late, the sky is clear and the wind is gentle; the frost in the thatched cottage is clear, the autumn wind is rustling, the water is flowing, the flowers are blooming, and the rain is passing by." This couplet combines the autumn clouds in the garden. The scenery of spring and autumn is vividly depicted. In the west of the "Huancui Pavilion" in the Ningxia Pavilion Scenic Area, there is a compound-corridor-style "stele gallery" with 17 inscriptions from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Entering the garden from the west gate, the courtyard is surrounded by osmanthus trees. There is a Ming Dynasty relic "Three Stars Stone" in the south of the courtyard, named "Fu, Lu and Shou" respectively. There is also a "Shequ Bridge" in the garden, which was built in AD 1921. A small bridge connects the north bank of the winding path and spans the quiet spring and clear stream. Such a clever and ancient garden bridge is rare in the country and is a unique one in Shanghai.
The Qiuxia Garden has a delicate layout, an elegant environment, and is small and exquisite. The scenery and colors do not change much. It seems to be shrouded in a faint layer of autumn, making people full of poetic reverie.
Qingpu Qushui Garden, once known as the Spiritual Garden, is an affiliated garden of the City God Temple. It was built in the 10th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1745 AD). There are buildings in the garden such as Party Hall, Deyue Pavilion, Gexun Tower, Yinghui Pavilion, Anfang, Sunset Red Ban Tower, Ninghe Hall and so on. The Qushui Garden is centered on the Ninghe Hall, with the Jue Hall and the Flower God Hall on the left and right. Behind the hall is the Qushui Long Embankment, and the ring embankment is surrounded by three views: Xiaohaoliang, Yingxi, and Shuangfufu. From the bank of Zhuojinji, you can reach Xiaofeilai by walking between the lush forests and the peaks of Huifeng; from Laoren Peak, you can reach the Nine Peaks Pavilion.
The whole garden is winding and exquisite. The garden has towering ginkgo trees, twinkling wisterias, ancient trees, and new flowers all year round. It is one of the five ancient gardens in Shanghai.
Songjiang Zuibai Pond
Zuibai Pond is located on Renmin South Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai. It was first built in 1644. It was the place where Ming Dynasty painter Dong Qichang sang, and it was also a place frequented by famous scholars. It was built by Gu Dashen, the head of the Ministry of Industry, in the seventh year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1650). The name of Zuibaichi comes from Su Shi's "Zuibaitang Ji", which states that Prime Minister Han Qi of the Song Dynasty admired Tang poet Bai Juyi and built Zuibaitang for pleasure in drinking and chanting poems in his later years. Gu Dashen was good at painting and poetry. He also admired Bai Juyi's music and named the pond and garden "Zuibai".
The whole garden covers an area of ??80 acres and is divided into two parts: the inner garden and the outer garden. The outer garden is newly built, while the inner garden is original. The inner garden is the essence of the whole garden. The courtyards are connected, the pavilions are scattered, the corridors are winding, and it is clear and beautiful. Halls, pavilions, pavilions, boats, pavilions and pools make up the main building complex, including ten sceneries such as the Thatched Cottage on the Pool, the Magnolia Courtyard, the Carved Hall, the Four-sided Hall, the Shulu Garden, and the Woshu Pavilion. There are many stone inscriptions on the corridor walls and some gardens in the garden, which is one of the characteristics of the garden. On the wall of the promenade in the south of the pond, there is a stone carving of "Portrait of Yunjian Bangyan" embedded in it. There are twenty-eight pieces in total, which are engraved with portraits of more than a hundred celebrities from various counties and townships in Songjiang Prefecture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The carvings are exquisite. There are also ancient ginkgo and camphor trees that are three to four hundred years old, and peonies that are over a hundred years old.
Zuibaichi not only has the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasty Jiangnan gardens with mountains, rocks, clear pools, corridors and pavilions, but also has the characteristics of many historical sites and celebrities constantly visiting. It is famous in the south of the Yangtze River for its water-stone monastery, ancient trees and famous flowers.
Shanghai Yuyuan
Yuyuan is located in the northeast corner of the old city in the southern part of Shanghai, adjacent to Fuyou Road to the north, Anren Street to the east, and Shanghai City God Temple and Yuyuan Mall to the west. , is a famous Jiangnan classical garden, famous both at home and abroad as a historical site and tourist attraction. In 1982, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.
Yuyuan Garden was originally built by Pan Yunduan, a native of Shanghai who was the governor of Sichuan in the Ming Dynasty, to serve his father, Pan En, the minister of the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. ". The construction of Yuyuan Garden started in the 38th year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty (1559 AD) and was completed in the 5th year of Wanli reign of Emperor Shenzong of Ming Dynasty (1577 AD). It took 18 years before and after. It covers an area of ??more than 70 acres. In the middle of the 17th century, Pan's descendants gradually declined and the gardens gradually fell into disuse. In the 25th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (AD 1760), people from the area raised funds to purchase part of Yuyuan Garden and reorganized it. During the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty (1821-1850 AD), Yu Garden fell into disrepair. At that time, local officials ordered various trade offices to take charge of it and use it as a place for discussion. There were 21 trades in the country, each occupying one area and repairing it on their own. During the Opium War in the 22nd year of Daoguang (AD 1842), the British army invaded Shanghai and occupied the Chenghuang Temple for 5 days. The garden suffered serious damage. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (AD 1860), the Qing government colluded with imperialism to suppress the Taiping Revolution. British and French troops invaded the City God's Temple, causing even greater damage. After the founding of New China, renovations began in 1956 and more than 30 acres of landscape were restored.
Now Yuyuan Garden can be divided into six major scenic spots, each with its own unique scenery. Soon after entering the park, you can see a large rockery with mountains, clear springs and waterfalls, which is like a real scene. The rockery is made of Wukang yellow stone and was created by Zhang Nanyang, a famous mountain builder in Jiangnan. It enjoys the reputation of "the crown of rockery in Jiangnan". "Cuixiu Hall" is the main building in the rockery area. It is located at the east foot of the rockery and built facing the mountain. From the Cuixiu Hall, bypassing the flower gallery and entering the mountain road, there is a stone carving of "Xishan Qingshang" written by Zhu Zhishan in the Ming Dynasty. When you reach the top of the mountain, there is a platform where you can look around and have an unobstructed view of the entire garden.
In the area from Yuhexie to Wanhua Tower, there are verandas, streams, rocks and other scenery, as well as many small courtyard scenes, which are very interesting. The Dianchun Hall Scenic Area consists of interconnected gardens and pavilions, connected pavilions and corridors, lush flowers and trees, gurgling springs, and includes Hexu Hall, Treasure House and other buildings. In the third year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1853), Liu Lichuan, the leader of the Shanghai Small Sword Association, and others once set up a headquarters in Dianchun Hall.
The stone peak in front of Yuhua Hall - Jade Linglong, is the treasure of Yuyuan Garden. It is known as the first of the three famous stones in Jiangnan, with the beauty of "wrinkle, leakage, thinness and transparency". It is said that it was moved from Zhu Shangshu Garden in Wunijing. Pan Yunduan believed that it was a relic of Huashigang collected during the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. Facing Yu Linglong is Yu Huatang. Inside the Yuhua Hall are elegant Ming Dynasty study furnishings. The study desks, painting desks, armchairs, deck chairs, etc. are all treasures of Ming Dynasty rosewood furniture. The white magnolia tree in front of Yuhua Hall is the oldest city flower tree in Shanghai.
The inner garden was originally called "East Garden". It was originally self-contained and is now part of Yu Garden. It was built in the 48th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1709 AD). It covers an area of ??only 2 acres, with mountains, rocks, ponds, halls and halls. The buildings, pavilions and pavilions are all complete. The flower walls, small corridors and other buildings in the garden are well-proportioned and well-organized. "Qingxue Hall" is the main building of the garden, with gorgeous decoration, exquisite structure and exquisite carvings. There is a stream in the east of the hall, which together with the pavilion and flower wall forms a small courtyard. The scenery in the courtyard is compact and has the characteristics of Chinese garden art. Outside the garden gate are the Pavilion in the Center of the Lake, Jiuqu Bridge, and Lotus Pond, which are also the scenic spots of Yu Garden.
The many brick carvings, stone carvings, clay sculptures, and wood carvings scattered in Yuyuan Garden not only have a long history, but are also very exquisite. "Pictures of Immortals", "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea", "Guanghan Palace", "Pictures of Guo Ziyi's Longevity", "Plum Wife and Crane", "Going to Beijing to Take the Examination", "Lian Zhong San Yuan", etc. are of great cultural relic value and ornamental value.