First, the most common way to choose words is that names and words have the same or similar meanings and can explain each other. For example, Qu Yuan, whose name is Ping, has an original word; In Erya Dish, it is explained that "Guangping is as original as before". Zhuge Liang, the word Kongming, "bright" and "bright" have similar meanings; Ban Gu, the word "Gu" and "Jian" all mean "unswerving"; Du Fu, with beautiful words, explained "Fu" as "the title of ancient handsome man"; Prose writers in the Northern Song Dynasty are similar to Zi Gu, Gong and Gu. Another example is Mao Zedong, whose word is Run, and the meanings of "Ze" and "Run" are similar.
Second, the names and characters have the opposite meanings. For example, Han Yu, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, retired, and the more he meant, the better. Yan Shu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, has the same word, and the meaning of "different but the same" is opposite; Another example is Zhu, a famous Neo-Confucianist in Song Dynasty. His name is Xi, and his character is gloomy. "Xi" means bright, while "gloomy" means dim. Yellow damage, word benefit, retreat, word advance, "loss" and "benefit", "retreat" and "advance" can all form antonyms. Although there are not many such words, it is still very interesting to savor them carefully.
Third: From this to that, we can know elegance in association. Such as Guan Yu, the word cloud is long, the feathers of birds even think of clouds in the sky. Jiadao, the word Langxian, thinks of the freedom of Langbai from the island. Lu Long, whose word is Tian, Qian Qian, whose word is beneficial, brilliant, sincere, and Li Zongren, whose word is near Germany, are all based on an idiom: "Seeing the dragon in the field", "benefiting from humility", "being bright is sincere" and "being near is virtuous".
Some of them are difficult to see the connection between their names and words because of the change of their meanings, but if you understand them deeply, you can still find the mystery. For example, Mencius, Mingke, Zi and Shuowen Chebu explain: Zi's "axle car" and "ancient carriage", so it can be seen that the relationship between Mencius' name and Zi belongs to the first situation mentioned above. Another example is the famous poet Su Shi. Zizi Exhibition. Stone: the crossbar in front of the car is for people to lean on. There is a saying in Twenty-eight Years of Zuo Zhuan Gong that "Jun Feng looks at it from his poems", and "looking forward" means "looking forward". From this perspective, the relationship between Su Shi's name and ci should belong to the third situation.
As we know, the ancient literati in China had a lot of elegant tastes, so the methods of choosing characters were also very interesting and varied, which could not be completed simply by generalization. But if we understand the relationship between ancient names and characters, it can also help us solve some problems. For example; Whether Guan in Guan by Qin Guan, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, is pronounced as guān or guàn, we might as well infer from his words. Qin guān, word spread less. From his words, we can conclude that he is reading guā n.
Generally speaking, keeping your name is a kind of modesty and courtesy. For example, according to the Analects of Confucius, Confucius often calls himself "Qiu" in front of students to show his humility and courtesy as a "saint". Generally speaking, on the occasion of self-naming, subordinates often face their superiors, courtiers face the king, and juniors face their elders. Similarly, when addressing each other, it is polite to praise the word. Especially when subordinates talk about superiors, courtiers talk about kings, and younger generations talk about elders, they must never call them by their first names. As for peers, there are many compliments to show respect for each other. For example, Li Ling in the Western Han Dynasty wrote "Answering Su Wu Shu": "Qing Zi is the first step, diligently proclaiming morality, and clearing his name." Self-purification is Su Wu's word. Give another negative example. Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was Yanwu's assistant when he was in Chengdu. After a drunkenness, Du Fu actually said in front of Yanwu: "It doesn't mean that Yan Tingyun has this son!" Because of a slip of the tongue, he called Yanwu's father by his first name. This may make Yanwu angry. He suddenly flew into a rage. "Does Du's grandson dare to take such a big risk?" Du Shenyan is the name of Du Fu's grandfather. Yanwu's "back-cursing" rose to another level, showing the strict requirements of appellation at that time!
The following are the names of some ancient figures. If you are interested, you might as well look up their words and see the relationship between their names and words.
Kong Qiu () Sima Qian () Liu Xiang () Cao Cao () Tao Qian () Wang Wei () Li Bai () Bai Juyi () Liu Zongyuan () Du Mu () Ouyang Xiu () Su Zhe () Wang Anshi () Lu You () Xin Qiji () Wen Tianxiang ()
In addition:
Ancient names were associated with words. Archaeologists have famous surnames and figures. The combination of surnames, names and characters constitutes the structural system of ancient names in China. & gt As the saying goes, "You know your character when you are famous, and your name when you smell your character." The following 1 1 joint relationship exists between the name and the character:
Synonyms and mutual training. Zhuge Liang's words, Qu Yuan's famous plain, Liang and Ming, plain and Yuan are synonyms and can be annotated with each other.
The antonym is the opposite. Han Yu's retreat, benefit, retreat and profit and loss are antonyms.
It is inferred that Guan Yu's word is long, and it is inferred from feathers. Zhao Jiaju's handwriting is thousands of miles, from colt to thousands of miles.
Friendship refers to reality. Zhaoyun is a word dragon, Lu Yun is a word dragon, and the real dragon is pointed out by Yunxie.
Classify things. For example, Fan Tai's ci and ci, Tai Heng's mountains and Ding's instruments.
Formerly known as Jia Ming, such as Du Mu's ci.
Dry branch and five elements. Qin's word B is really a match made in heaven. The collocation of Chu Gongzi's Wu Zi Geng and heavenly stems and earthly branches.
Body clutch. For example, Song Mei's role is Yu Wen, and You Dong's role is the same person.
There are more forms, such as Qin Gui's ci and Gu Mei's ci.
Idioms run through it. For example, the word "knowing people" comes from "knowing people's way" and the word "money" comes from "benefiting from humility".
Admit your admiration. Gu Zuyu's word is Jinglong, and Yuan Lei's word is Xiyan. The name is directly taken from the name of the admirer, with the word as the note.