Xu Guo: "Do something beneficial to society"
At the beginning of the 2th century, China was invaded by foreign powers, and the internal reform failed, which humiliated the country, made people suffer and made civilization dusty. Yang Changji, who had read a lot of poetry books, was worried about his country and people, but the situation was not good, so he had to live in seclusion in the countryside and teach himself. When her daughter was two years old, Yang Changji, with the great ambition of saving the country through education, went to Japan alone to focus on pedagogy, then went to Britain and Germany, and came back after ten years' study. Although young Yang Kaihui was not accompanied by her father, she started to study at the age of four, but she was familiar with books such as Hundred Family Names and Mulan Ci before she was six. At the age of seven, she became the first group of female students in the 4th Primary School of Yang Gong Temple Government (now Kaihui School). Born into a scholarly family, she has always been full of keen interest and great enthusiasm for knowledge. With the increase of age and knowledge, Yang Kaihui gradually developed the belief of "fighting for the country" and "contributing to the people". Whenever someone asks her what she plans to do in the future, she always firmly answers: "Do something beneficial to society."
in 1913, after Yang Changji returned to Hunan, he became a teacher in Changsha. My father often talks about world affairs at home with Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen and other students who come to ask for advice, and explores the way to study and seek the way to save the country. Yang Kaihui discusses and studies with many talents, and the feeling of saving the country and the people is getting more and more enthusiastic. At that time, Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen and other progressive young people made an oath of "to save the country, willing not to marry for life"; Xiang Jingyu, Cai Chang and other girls' school students also said that they would "commit themselves to the country and never get married". Yang Kaihui agrees with this very much. She once held celibacy and was gentle and introverted. She revealed in her manuscript that "I have no hope of marrying him (Mao Zedong)" and "I have already decided to be single for life". Later, like-minded Yang Kaihui and Mao Zedong got married, but their ambition to make a country by themselves never changed, and they went hand in hand and fought side by side on the road of saving the country and the people.
Martyrdom: "beheading is just like the wind blowing"
In the summer of 1918, Yang Changji was appointed as a professor of ethics in Peking University, and Yang Kaihui came to Beijing, the center of the New Culture Movement. At this time, Yang Kaihui was a loyal reader of the progressive publication "New Youth", and Li Dazhao and others read and read articles promoting Marxism–Leninism Thought in "New Youth", which was deeply influenced by her. In the summer of 192, she learned that Mao Zedong was raising funds for the establishment of a cultural bookstore to spread Marxist ideas, and immediately persuaded her mother to take out the "libation" presented by her Beijing friends when her father died of illness and give it to Mao Zedong. On September 9th, the Cultural Bookstore opened its business in Chaozong Street, Changsha, and became an important contact point for Mao Zedong's party-building activities. In October, Yang Kaihui became the first group of female socialist youth league members in Hunan. At the end of 1921, she formally joined the China * * * production party, and was one of the earliest women in party member.
After joining the Party, Yang Kaihui has been in charge of the Party's confidential and traffic liaison work in Hunan province in a difficult and dangerous struggle environment. She worked tirelessly in various secret contact points, collecting dynamic and secret information of workers' movements, and transmitting Party documents and Mao Zedong's instructions. Receive visiting workers' representatives from all over the country, and serve as teachers of workers' night schools to widely publicize the party's ideas. For the needs of the revolution, her footprints have spread all over Changsha, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Shaoshan. After the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927, Yang Kaihui took her children back to Bancang to carry out underground struggle according to the arrangement of the Party organization. Even though she lost contact with the superior organizations, she still tried her best to develop local party organizations, participated in organizing and leading underground armed struggles, and persisted in the struggle on the borders of Changsha, Pingjiang and Xiangyin for three years.
On October 24th, 193, Yang Kaihui was unfortunately captured by warlords. In prison, she was full of love for the party, actively promoted revolutionary ideas, angrily exposed the cruel crimes of the enemy to her fellow prisoners, encouraged everyone to fight for * * * capitalism for life, and taught her son Mao Anying, who was put into prison together, to carry out the revolution to the end. In the face of the enemy's threats, inducements and torture, she was unyielding and righteously denounced it: "beheading is just like the wind blowing!" Death can only scare cowards, but it can't scare the * * * producers. "
homesickness: "My heart has carried a heavy burden"
In the winter of 192, Yang Kaihui, with the extraordinary courage of "not acting like a layman", set up a family with Mao Zedong in the dormitory of the First Normal University. After marriage, Yang Kaihui, who has no position in the Party, has always fought with Mao Zedong as a family member. At home, she not only undertakes heavy housework and takes care of the family's daily life, but also actively serves as her husband's work secretary, sorting out materials, copying documents and issuing documents, and fully assisting him in carrying out revolutionary work. Mao Zedong's glorious chapter "Investigation Report on Hunan Peasant Movement" embodies her painstaking efforts.
from 1922 to 1927, Yang Kaihui gave birth to three sons. Due to Mao Zedong's busy business, three deliveries failed to accompany his wife. However, Yang Kaihui did not complain at all, and was full of understanding, tolerance and care for her husband. The arrival of the child did not make her give up her revolutionary work, but only added a concern to her emotional world. She wrote in the manuscript, "My heart has picked a heavy burden, one is him and the other is a child, and no one can untie it." Since August, 1927, Mao Zedong left home to lead the Autumn Harvest Uprising, and Yang Kaihui supported a family with an old mother and a young son alone. While worrying about her husband's "whether the foot disease has recovered and whether the cold clothes are prepared", she had to make early preparations for the future of the old mother and children. As the "white terror" intensified, she had a premonition of death and hid her affectionate letters in the cracks of her home.
the glow of the sunset fades away, but the brilliance shines on people's hearts. On November 14th, 193, Yang Kaihui, who was only 29 years old, died heroically in Zhishiling, Changsha. The villagers, with tears in their eyes, transported the martyr's body back to the board warehouse overnight and buried it on the cotton slope on the right side of the old house. In November 1966, Yang Kaihui's former residence was restored and opened to the public, and the Yang Kaihui Memorial Hall was established at the same time. Today, the Yang Kaihui Memorial Hall, which consists of the former residence, martyrs cemetery, Yang Gong Temple and exhibition hall, has been rated as one of the top 1 national red tourism classic scenic spots, the national AAAA-level scenic spot, the national patriotic education demonstration base, the national defense education base in Hunan Province, the patriotic education base in Hunan Province and the education and training demonstration base in party member, Changsha City, etc., and has become an important place to remember the revolutionary martyrs and inherit the red gene. (The author is a special researcher in Changsha, the theoretical system research center of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, Hunan Province)
(selected from Xinxiang Review, No.24, 221)
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