Who wrote the Tang poem "The sun rises in the east and rains in the west", and what is the next sentence?

This poem comes from "Two Poems on Bamboo Branches" by Liu Yuxi, a writer of the Tang Dynasty.

The original text is:

The willows are green and the river is level, and I hear the singing on the Langjiang River.

The sun rises in the east and rains in the west. There is no sunshine but there is sunshine.

So, the next sentence of "The sun rises in the east and rains in the west" is "There is no sunshine but there is sunshine." However, since it is "two poems", it means that there are two poems. The above is just one of them. The second poem is:

There is a lot of rain in the mountains and rivers of Chushui, and the Ba people can sing local songs.

Nowadays, the guests from the North want to go back and return to He Na Phi Luo.

The artistic conception of the two poems

Overall, the emotions expressed in these two poems are very profound, and the whole poem reflects the poet's psychological artistic conception and personality when he wrote the poem.

For example, the first poem describes a riverside with green mountains and green waters. The girl hears distant singing coming from the river, accompanied by sunrise and rain. She doesn’t know whether it is sunny or rainy. The word "youqing" in it also implies the homophone "youqing", which is very cheerful and interesting. At the same time, the girl's mood is very complicated. She is afraid of the changes in the weather and her lover's thoughts. It is not only gripping, but also deeply emotional and very subtle.

The second poem is different. This poem directly explains his identity as a foreigner. On the one hand, he feels the climate changes in the Bashu region, and also feels that the customs of the local people in Bashu are different from his own. As a foreigner, I miss my hometown very much and don't know when I can go back. This strong feeling of homesickness is so vivid in the poem that it makes people feel a little moved.

The origin of poetry

In fact, Liu Yuxi composed 11 poems in total, divided into "Nine Poems on Bamboo Branches" and "Two Poems on Bamboo Branches", which were written between 822 and 822. When he served as governor of Kuí Prefecture in 824, he expressed his feelings according to local customs and his own emotions.

This "Two Poems on Bamboo Branches" are the two classic seven-character quatrains we mentioned above. The name "Zhuzhi Ci" actually comes from a traditional folk song from the Bashu region. Although it is also seven-character quatrains in form, its content and writing method are different from the seven-character quatrains of the Central Plains. Liu Yuxi chose this name to follow the local customs.

The author's experience

Liu Yuxi was born in 772, and his father was a minor official in Jiangnan. He was exposed to poetry, calligraphy, ritual and music since he was a child, studied hard, and had good talent, and he soon passed the imperial examination. Later, Liu Yuxi's career went smoothly with his talent, and because his friend was appreciated by Tang Shunzong, he once served as a farm Yuanwailang, judged the salt and iron case, participated in the financial work of the Tang Dynasty, and became a popular figure.

However, Tang Shunzong, Liu Yuxi, Wang Shuwen, Liu Zongyuan and others belonged to the reformists. Their reform policies touched a large number of local interests of the vassal kings and were vigorously attacked by conservatives. In 805, Tang Shunzong had no choice but to abdicate to Tang Xianzong Li Chun, and the reformists were greatly suppressed and harmed. At that time, eight reformists around Tang Shunzong were demoted to Sima and Governor, which is known in history as the "Eight Sima Incident".

According to the rank of the Tang Dynasty, although he was demoted from the capital to the local area, becoming the Sima governor was actually considered a frontier official, which should be good. In fact, the places where Liu Yuxi and others were demoted were very remote mountainous areas. Not only did the environment not be good, but the development was also poor. It seemed that they were being demoted, but in fact they were "demoted" many times.

Ten years later, Liu Yuxi was ordered to return to Chang'an and saw that things and people had changed, so he wrote another poem "In the tenth year of Yuanhe, he summoned from Langzhou to Beijing Opera to present flowers to all the gentlemen"

The thousands of peach trees in Xuandu Temple were all planted after Liu Lang left.

As soon as this poem was published, it immediately aroused the anger of the powerful officials at that time, and they demoted him to Bozhou again. It turned out that Liu Yuxi once again satirized those conservative officials through poetry, implying his dissatisfaction. Later, Liu Yuxi served as the governor of Lianzhou, the governor of Kuizhou (he wrote the poem "Zhuzhi Ci" at this time), and the governor of Hezhou. It was not until 826 that the 55-year-old Liu Yuxi was ordered to return to serve as Shangshu of the Eastern Capital. Later, he was allowed to serve as governor in many places. It was not until he was 64 years old that he returned to Chang'an and took up a casual post. At the age of 71, he finally settled in Luoyang.

The profound emotions behind the poems

Nine Poems on Bamboo Branches and Two Poems on Bamboo Branches were written when Liu Yuxi was demoted again more than 10 years after he was demoted. As a scholar full of knowledge and revenge, he was extremely depressed and sad after being demoted for many years. He could only express his emotions through continuous creation of poems.

So from Liu Yuxi's "Zhuzhi Ci", we can easily find that there is always a touch of sadness, an unwillingness to change the fate, and an unpredictable melancholy of the current situation, implicit in it, You don’t need to say it explicitly, but you feel it secretly.

This is actually the real life perception of the author Liu Yuxi. This is the perfect combination of poetry and emotion. Apart from being deplored by those who hear it, perhaps this is the real essence of why he can become a great poet.

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