How to use arcgis to extract the name of the householder in the southeast and northwest of the plot?

As long as you get the so-called four, I will give you an idea 1 to make a smaller inward buffer for the layer and generate a new layer.

2. Translate the newly generated layer to the east, covering the land adjacent to the east.

3. By spatially associating the converted buffer layer with the original layer, a household name of the East Block can be obtained.

4. Just do the rest in turn.

It's a bit troublesome to implement this in ArcGIS. Maybe it is better to write a python script, and it is more convenient to implement it with FME.